Vöhl

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Vöhl
Vöhl
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Vöhl highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 12 '  N , 8 ° 57'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : kassel
County : Waldeck-Frankenberg
Height : 297 m above sea level NHN
Area : 98.81 km 2
Residents: 5552 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 56 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 34516
Primaries : 05635, 05631 (Dorfitter, Obernburg), 06454 (Ederbringhausen, Niederorke, Oberorke)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : KB, FKB, WA
Community key : 06 6 35 019
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Schlossstrasse 1
34516 Vöhl
Website : www.voehl.de
Mayor : Karsten Kalhöfer ( independent )
Location of the municipality of Vöhl in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district
Hatzfeld (Eder) Battenberg (Eder) Bromskirchen Allendorf (Eder) Burgwald (Gemeinde) Rosenthal (Hessen) Gemünden (Wohra) Haina (Kloster) Frankenberg (Eder) Frankenau Bad Wildungen Lichtenfels (Hessen) Korbach Willingen (Upland) Diemelsee (Gemeinde) Diemelstadt Vöhl Volkmarsen Bad Arolsen Twistetal Waldeck (Stadt) Edertal Nordrhein-Westfalen Landkreis Kassel Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopfmap
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Districts of Vöhl
Western end of the Edersee near the Herzhausen district

Vöhl is a municipality in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district in northern Hesse .

Is known nationwide Vöhl a privileged location on Edersee and nature park basement Edersee and National Park Kellerwald-Edersee . The district of Oberorke is a recognized climatic health resort , the core town of Vöhl and the districts of Asel and Marienhagen are recognized as recreational areas .

geography

location

The core of the municipality of Vöhl is about 40 km (as the crow flies ) west-southwest of Kassel in the northern part of the Kellerwald-Edersee nature park on the hills north of the Edersee ; The Kellerwald-Edersee National Park extends south of the reservoir . The municipality is located on both sides of the Edersee at its western end.

The core town of Vöhl is located in a basin of the Aselbach , which opens southwards along the course of the stream to the Edersee. In particular, it is surrounded by forest to the west, south and east, and areas used for agriculture extend to the north.

Neighboring communities

Vöhl borders the city of Korbach in the north, the city of Waldeck and the municipality of Edertal in the east, the cities of Frankenau and Frankenberg in the south , and the city of Lichtenfels in the west (all in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district).

Community structure

The Vöhler districts , which are mostly very small in terms of population, spread out - northwest and southeast - at the western end of the Edersee (sorted alphabetically):

Waters

The waters in the municipality of Vöhl include (sorted alphabetically):

River :

  • Aselbach (tributary from Eder / Edersee; between Asel and Asel-Süd)
  • Eder (tributary from Edersee / Fulda ; near Herzhausen)
  • Itter (tributary from Eder / Edersee; near Herzhausen)
  • Lorfe ( Lorfebach ; tributary of the Eder; near Schmittlotheim)
  • Orke (tributary of the Eder; near Ederbringhausen)
  • Sasselbach (tributary of the Orke; near Ederbringhausen)

Still waters :

  • Edersee (reservoir on the Eder)
  • Lake near Kirchlotheim (former gravel dredger lake; today's swimming lake)

history

Town hall of the municipality of Vöhl

Archaeological finds show continuous settlement in the area since the Stone Age.

In the early Middle Ages, the border between Saxon and Franconian tribal areas ran here , which can still be seen today in the language border between Middle German and Low German , which crosses the municipality in a west-east direction.

The area of ​​the municipality of Vöhl essentially coincides with that of the former Itter rulership , which developed in the former Ittergau in the High Middle Ages . After the death of the last lord zu Itter in 1356, the rule was divided between the Landgraviate of Hesse and Kurmainz . After it had been pledged to the Counts of Waldeck and Wolff von Gudenberg in the meantime , the Itter rule finally and completely came to Hesse in 1589. Disputed between the Landgraves of Hessen-Kassel and their cousins ​​of Hessen-Darmstadt from 1604 , it finally fell as an exclave to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt in 1650 . In 1821, as part of an administrative reform in Hesse-Darmstadt, the Itter rule became the Vöhl district , until the area was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and then incorporated into the Frankenberg district in 1886 .

Vöhl was first mentioned in 1144 as "Vohulen", but the place probably existed much earlier. He belonged to the Itter lordship.

In 1381/83 Thile I. Wolff von Gudenberg became the owner of the Itter estate, as Waldeck and Hessen pledged their respective shares to him. He moved his residence to Vöhl, where he had a castle built south of the village. In 1542 the Waldeckers redeemed their pledge, and in 1562 the Landgraves of Hesse too.

During the next decades, Itter's rule changed hands several times, especially during the Thirty Years' War . On May 14, 1639 - the rule belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt - Landgrave Ludwig V transferred the rule of Itter with the castle and associated villages as a paragium to his brother Philipp , who continued to reside in his castle in Butzbach . However, Philipp came to Vöhl for a short time in May to receive homage from his new subjects. After his death in 1643, the Itter rule was again directly subordinated to the Darmstadt Landgrave. In 1650, as a result of the peace treaties for the Thirty Years War, the Itter rule was finally awarded to Hessen-Darmstadt, where it remained for over 200 years.

After the death of Landgrave Georg II , the rule of Itter was transferred to his second son Georg in 1661 as Paragium . In 1663 he had the old castle of Wolff von Gudenberg in Vöhl renovated and expanded into a baroque residence. At George's request, his brother, the ruling Landgrave Ludwig VI. , raised Vöhl to a market town on September 12, 1661 and granted him the right to hold three markets a year: on the Wednesday after Judika (2nd Sunday before Easter), on Laurentius Day (August 10) and on St. Martin's Day (November 11) . In 1852 these three junk markets were moved to May 7th, August 4th and October 8th and connected with cattle markets. Only the Martinsmarkt retained a longer tradition with breaks in between and was revived on October 28, 1978 and held every year with a trade show. George III von Hessen zu Itter died on July 19, 1676 in Hof Lauterbach without male descendants and his Paragium fell back to the main line of the family in Darmstadt. In 1691, under Landgrave Ernst Ludwig , the Itter reign was pledged to Johann Matthäus Koch von Gailenbach for 80,000 guilders . Ernst Ludwig redeemed the pledge as early as 1695.

After the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Hessen-Darmstadt had to cede the Biedenkopf and Vöhl districts to Prussia ; the district Vöhl remained as a separate administrative district in of Kassel from managed province Hessen Nassau received, but the magistrate was the district administrator in Frankenberg assumed. The former Vöhl district retained special rights for 20 years, but on April 1, 1886, the administrative district was abolished and incorporated into the Frankenberg district. Only the Vöhl district court remained (it existed until 1932).

Community consolidation

On February 1, 1971, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipalities of Dorfitter, Herzhausen and Thalitter merged to form the municipality of Ittertal and Vöhl formed the new municipality of Vöhl with Asel and Basdorf . On December 31, 1971, the community of Hessenstein was formed from Buchenberg, Ederbringhausen, Harbshausen, Kirchlotheim, Niederorke, Oberorke and Schmittlotheim. The communities of Marienhagen and Obernburg initially remained independent.

On 1 January 1974, the municipalities Hessenstein, Ittertal, Marie Hagen, Obernburg and Vohl were powerful state law the greater community Vöhl together . The administrative seat is in the district of Vöhl.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1585: 44 households
• 1629: 35 households
• 1742: 57 households and 3 Jews
Vöhl: Population from 1834 to 1967
year     Residents
1834
  
 515
1840
  
 553
1846
  
 672
1852
  
 788
1858
  
 691
1864
  
 750
1871
  
 677
1875
  
 661
1885
  
 760
1895
  
 748
1905
  
 655
1910
  
 669
1925
  
 646
1939
  
 649
1946
  
 1,056
1950
  
 972
1956
  
 891
1961
  
 828
1967
  
 992
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

politics

Community representation

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the municipal council 2016
      
A total of 31 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 36.0 11 38.3 12 37.2 11 35.1 11
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 24.0 7th 21.2 7th 26.9 8th 26.7 8th
FWG Free community of voters 25.2 8th 20.7 6th 21.2 7th 22.3 7th
BI-Green List Citizens' initiative for nature and environmental protection Green List 5.5 2 12.1 4th 6.1 2 6.1 2
FDP Free Democratic Party 7.7 2 7.0 2 8.6 3 9.7 3
LEFT The left 1.8 1 0.6 0 - - - -
total 100.0 31 100.0 31 100.0 31 100.0 31
Voter turnout in% 60.0 60.1 60.1 66.5

mayor

After 24 years in office, Harald Plünnecke was retired in November 2013. Matthias Stappert (independent) was in office from December 2013 to November 2019. On December 1, 2019, Karsten Kalhöfer (non-party) took up the post of mayor of the Vöhl national park community.

coat of arms

Vöhl coat of arms
 Blazon : "In the silver shield on a green background a red, blue-roofed castle with a heraldic tower on the right, in front of it in the blue shield a gold-crowned and red-tongued lion, divided by silver and red."
Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms of the municipality of Vöhl was approved by the Hessian Minister of the Interior on August 17, 1977.

Community partnerships

Culture and sights

Forestry Office Vöhl
Martinskirche Vöhl
former synagogue
  • Town Hall : The building was built in the 1840s from stones from the old castle, it initially served as a district court.
  • Stone house with wedding room: The stone house was also built from stones from the former castle, but initially as a stable. The community acquired the house in connection with the village renewal around 1990 and converted it.
  • Hessian Forestry Office : It was built around 1386 as a farm building for the first Vöhl Castle. After giving up the court of Landgrave Georg III. it became a manorial dairy farm. From 1808 it served as the official residence of the tax officer (recipe), after the annexation of the Vöhl district by Prussia in 1866 as the official residence of the Prussian chief forester, and from 1930 also as the office of the Vöhl chief forester and the Prussian forestry office. The building was renovated in 1994 to mark the 850th anniversary of the Vöhl community. The Vöhl Forestry Office is now part of the Hessen-Forst State Office .
  • Building yard : Today's municipal building yard was part of the dairy yard in earlier centuries; in the 19th century it was probably the seat of the district council.
  • Henkelhaus : Today's "Henkelhalle" was built in 1926 as a "Henkelhaus" in the manual and clamping service of Vöhl farmers and craftsmen with the help of a donation from the entrepreneur Fritz Henkel , who was born in Vöhl and the founder of the Henkel Group . It was initially a gym and a youth hostel . During the Second World War , forced laborers were fed there. In 1989/90 the building was completely renovated. It is used today for events, meetings and conferences.
  • Martinskirche : The Lutheran Martinskirche on the summit of the Schulberg forms the center of the old town center. It goes back to previous buildings from the Romanesque period.
  • Parish hall : The parish hall of the Protestant church was built in the mid-1840s from stones from the old castle and served as a school and teacher's apartment until after the Second World War. The entrepreneur Fritz Henkel was born here, whose father was a teacher, sexton and computer at the Sparkasse in Vöhl.
  • Catholic Church : A Catholic parish only came into being after the Second World War with the immigration of refugees and displaced persons. In the mid-1950s, the Fulda diocese bought a residential building with a truck garage on Lindenallee, which was then being built on. The current church building was then made from the garage.
  • Primary school : There have been schools in Vöhl at least since the Reformation. The buildings that today belong to the central school (Henkelschule) were built in 1955/56 in the castle park and 1965–68 in the neighboring Gründchen.
  • Synagogue : The synagogue, which was completed on July 17, 1827, was initially just a school. The synagogue was consecrated on Friday, August 28, 1829. The building at Mittelgasse 9 survived the years of National Socialism, was renovated from 2002 by a local support association and is now used for cultural events.

traffic

Street

The federal road 252 runs in the Korbach - Frankenberg section in a north-south direction through the western part of the Vöhler municipality. From this road branches off in the district of Herzhausen, the state road  3084, which leads through this village and then north of the Edersee to and through the Vöhler Kernort and then on to the Korbach– Kassel section of the federal road 251 .

railroad

In the area of ​​the municipality there are four stops on the Warburg – Sarnau railway line, which was reopened in this section in 2015 : in Thalitter, Herzhausen, Schmittlotheim and Ederbringhausen. From there, you Kurhessenbahn trains between the stations Marburg and Brilon . There is also connection from the railway station Korbach to station Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe .

Long-distance cycle routes

The following cycle paths lead along the Eder :

Orange bike route
  • A cycle path on the Orange Route connects the cities of Diez, Nassau, Braunfels, Dillenburg, Siegen and Bad Arolsen, which have been closely linked to the royal family of the Netherlands for many centuries, over around 400 kilometers.
  • The Hessian long-distance cycle route R6 (from Waldecker Land into the Rhine Valley) begins in Diemelstadt in northern Hesse and runs with a total length of approx. 380 km to Lampertheim in southern Hesse.

Personalities

literature

  • Georg Dehio, Ernst Gall, Magnus Backes: Handbook of German art monuments. Hesse. 2nd Edition. Special edition, Darmstadt 1982, pp. 868–869.
  • Wilhelm Bing: 850 years of Vöhl 1144–1994. Edited by the Vöhl local council, on the occasion of the 850th anniversary. Verlag Korbach, 1994, OCLC 180655087 .
  • Literature about Vöhl in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Vöhl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ 79th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on November 21, 2012 . In: State pointer for the state of Hesse . No. 9 , 2014, ISSN  0724-7885 , p. 187 .
  3. ↑ Matthäus Koch d. J. (1610–1680) and Johann Koch (1614–1693), sons of the Augsburg merchant Matthäus Koch (1581–1633), who lived in 1622 a. a. had bought the Gailenbach estate near Augsburg, were in 1653 by Emperor Ferdinand III. ennobled ("Koch von Gailenbach") and in 1654 accepted into the Augsburg patriciate . Johann studied in Leipzig, made a name for himself as a mathematician at the Viennese imperial court and took over the manor in 1669. His son Johann Matthäus (1646–1713) was a member of the secret council in Augsburg from 1701–1710. ( Augsburger Stadtlexikon ( Memento from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ))
  4. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , Item 328, Para. 31 ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  5. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 389-390 .
  6. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck (GVBl. II 330-23) of October 4, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 359 , § 6 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  7. ↑ a b Vöhl, Waldeck-Frankenberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  8. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  9. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  10. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  11. ↑ Harald Plünnecke becomes honorary mayor in Vöhl. Waldeckische Landeszeitung from November 16, 2013.
  12. ↑ Clear election victory: Matthias Stappert becomes mayor of Vöhl. HNA dated June 9, 2013.
  13. ↑ Direct elections in Vöhl. Hessian State Statistical Office , accessed in January 2019 .
  14. ↑ former synagogue in Vöhl