Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu
| Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Pays de la Loire | |
| Department | Loire-Atlantique | |
| Arrondissement | Nantes | |
| Canton | Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu (main town) | |
| Community association | Grand Lieu | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 2 ′ N , 1 ° 38 ′ W | |
| height | 1-51 m | |
| surface | 58.81 km 2 | |
| Residents | 8,921 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 152 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 44310 | |
| INSEE code | 44188 | |
| Website | http://www.stphilbert.fr/ | |
.jpg) Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu - Facade of the former abbey church |
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Saint-Philbert-de-Grand- Lieu is a French municipality with 8921 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Loire-Atlantique in the Region Pays de la Loire .
location
Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu is located about 27 kilometers (driving distance) southwest of Nantes at an average altitude of about 25 meters above sea level. d. M.
Toponyms
The Gallo-Roman town was originally called Déas . It is not known exactly when the name was changed to Saint-Philbert-le-Grand Lieu ; the first documented mention of the new place name comes from a document from 1258 ( Sanctus Phelibertus de Grandi Lacu ). The name of the place is derived on the one hand from St. Philibert von Tournus (617 / 8–684), to whose lifetime or posthumous work several important church buildings in France can be traced back. B. the abbey churches of Jumièges ( Normandy ), Noirmoutier ( Vendée ) and Tournus ( Burgundy ); the part of the name 'Lieu' ( Lacu ), however, refers to a nearby lake.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 3,239 | 3,341 | 3,633 | 4,255 | 5,159 | 6.251 | 7,617 |
The population increase in recent decades is largely due to the proximity to the city of Nantes and the comparatively low rents and land prices in Saint-Philbert.
economy
For centuries, the local economy was geared towards the self-sufficiency of the population. With the growth of the population of Nantes, there was also production for the local markets, but this was not easy to do because of the distance. Today, some farmers still do farming, but most of the arable land is used for viticulture: The Muscadet-Côtes de Grandlieu received its own Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée ( AOC ) in 1994 .
history
In Gallo-Roman times the place was known as Déas . A certain Magnobodus gave it to Ansoald, the bishop of Poitiers , in the late 7th or early 8th century , who in turn handed it over to the Benedictine Abbey of Noirmoutier. Around the year 800 some monks from Noirmoutier settled in Déas and built a monastery church. In 836 the relics of St. Philibert was transferred here, but a few years later (847) the abbey and monastery buildings were destroyed during a Norman attack. After their departure, the monks built a new church, which - although badly damaged in another attack by the Vikings in 858 - can still be seen. After this renewed attack, the monks of Déas left the place with the relics of the saint and moved to Tournus in what is now Burgundy. Only when the Normans were no longer in danger did some monks return to Déas in the 11th century . Except for some reliquary dust, the remains of St. Philibert, however, in Tournus, where they are still revered.
Attractions
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- The former abbey or priory church of Saint-Philbert, inconspicuous on the outside, is a three-aisled Carolingian building from the 9th century with an open roof , whose central nave pillars and arches impress with their two-tone stone alternation - light house stones alternate with red bricks . This masonry technique, borrowed from the Romans , can be found on several Gallo-Roman buildings in France. B. on some towers of the Cité of Carcassonne or on the city walls of Le Mans . At first glance, the central nave pillars appear a bit clumsy and disproportionate, but on closer inspection it can be seen that each of their structural elements is continued in the arcade arches or in the wall templates of the central nave high wall made of rubble stones . The entire church is only slightly lit, which on the one hand may have been due to the lack of window glazing, on the other hand it is also due to a certain defensive nature of the building, which was probably intended after the destruction of the first church building by the Normans. Behind or under the semicircular apse is a rectangular encased crypt with a Merovingian stone sarcophagus . Because of its historical and architectural significance, the former abbey church has been recognized as a monument historique since 1896 .
- Some privately owned castles ( châteaux ) and manors ( manoirs ) are in the municipality, but none of them can be visited or only after prior request to the Office de Tourisme . The Château de Monceau in the Prissé district dates from the 17th and 18th centuries and was registered as a Monument historique in 1941 . The Château des Bretaudières from the early 19th century has been recognized as a Monument historique since 1997 .
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- The approximately 65 square kilometers large, just above sea level and correspondingly flat Lac de Grand Lieu is mostly located in the municipality of Saint Philbert. Along with Lac du Bourget , it is the largest natural lake in France in terms of area. In winter the surface of the lake is about twice as large as in summer due to more rainfalls and less evaporation. Fauna (eels, fish, birds, etc.) and flora (reeds, water lilies, etc.) of the lake are under nature protection: only some licensed fishermen are allowed to fish on the lake; hunting is completely forbidden , also because of the lead cartridges that poison the soil . Due to the lack of access roads, visitors to the area hardly see the lake - an Ecomusée has therefore been set up in the Passay district of the neighboring municipality of La Chevrolière .
Town twinning
- Radyr , Wales ( United Kingdom )
- Bickenbach , Hessen ( Germany )
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes de la Loire-Atlantique . Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-040-X , pp. 1228-1239.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Abbatiale de Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Château de Monceau in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Villa des Bretaudières in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)