Viken is a Norwegian province ( Fylke ), which was created on January 1, 2020 from the merger of the provinces Akershus , Buskerud and Østfold and the municipalities of Jevnaker and Lunner from Fylke Oppland and Svelvik from Fylke Vestfold . This was based on a decision by the Storting on 8 June 2017 in the course of a region Reform of Government Erna Solberg provided for a reduction to eleven Fylker. The administrative center is Oslo , with 87 members in the provincial parliament ( Fylkesting ).
The name refers to the historical name for the area around the Oslofjord , but without covering the same area. Not there are Oslo , which is a separate Fylke, Vestfold , which in Vestfold og Telemark rose, and to Sweden related Båhuslen .
geography
1,241,165 inhabitants live in an area of 24,597.48 km² (as of February 27, 2020), making Viken by far the most populous province in Norway. Viken is bordered by Innlandet to the north, Vestland to the west, Vestfold og Telemark to the southwest and Sweden to the southeast . Oslo is completely surrounded by Viken. The province is the central area of the country part of Østlandet .
In addition to the Glomma , Norway's longest river, which flows into the Skagerrak in Viken , the Lågen , Vorma , Drsameelva and Begna are other large rivers in Viken. Of Mjøsa , Norway's largest lake, only the south-western part belongs to Viken, while the Tyrifjord is the largest lake that lies entirely in the province. The highest elevation in Viken is the 1933 moh. high Folarskardnuten which to Hallingskarvet belongs -Gebirgskamm.
Thanks to its location around Oslo, European roads lead in all directions: the E 6 to Trondheim and Gothenburg , the E 16 to Bergen and Gävle , the E 18 to Kristiansand and Stockholm and the E 134 from Drammen to Haugesund . There is also a dense network of railway lines by Norwegian standards. The Oslo-Gardermoen Airport is Norway's most important and largest airport in Viken.
history
The original landscape of
Viken with the Fylker (provinces) Vestfold, Vingulmark and Ránrike during the
Viking Age ; in the Middle Ages, Viken became a synonym for
Bohuslän (now Sweden)
In 2016, the government of Erna Solberg proposed the merger of Fylker Akershus , Buskerud and Østfold under the new name Viken. The new province is not a traditional geographic region in Norway; However, all three Fylker belonged to the Akershus monastery until 1919 , together with most of Eastern Norway .
The name Viken refers to the historical region Viken , which in the Viking Age extended to the areas around the Oslofjord and in the Middle Ages became a synonym for Bohuslän (now in Sweden). In the 2000s, the name Viken was used in Norway in a neological sense and with different definitions, usually including the Oslo and Vestfold region, on behalf of several companies including Viken Skog and Viken Fiber, among others. Most of the historic Viken region does not belong to the new Fylke Viken.
In 2016 the regional parliament ( Fylkesting ) of Akershus voted by a large majority against the creation of the new province of Viken. The regional parliament criticized the attempt to merge Akershus with regions other than Oslo, pointing out that Oslo and Akershus are closely linked: Oslo is the center and administrative seat of Akershus since the Middle Ages. Oslo was originally part of Akershus and they share part of its administration and infrastructure. The whole of Akershus belongs to the greater Oslo region and almost 60% of Akershus's population live in the city of Oslo. In 2016, the Fylkesting of Østfold also voted against the merger by a large majority because the Viken region was too big. Viken was also rejected by the Buskerud regional parliament in 2017. After the merger had been rejected as Viken by the affected Fylker themselves, the Solberg government proposed a forced union in 2017. Politicians and residents of Akershus, Buskerud and Østfold described Viken largely as an undemocratic construct; Karin Andersen ( Sosialistisk Venstreparti ), chairwoman of the Standing Committee on Local and Regional Administration, described the Viken reform as a "work of art."
Dissolution efforts
The creation of the new province of Viken is the subject of heated controversy and has been rejected by the affected Fylker and their elected parliaments. The regional government Vikens ( fylkesråd ) elected in September 2019 has declared the dissolution of Viken and the restoration of Akershus, Buskerud and Østfold in 2021 the most important political goal of Fylkes Viken. The government declaration of the ruling Vikens parties ( Arbeiderpartiet , Senterpartiet , Sosialistisk Venstreparti and Greens ) stated: “Viken is an artificial construct. Storting merged Østfold, Akershus and Buskerud against their will. ”Accordingly, they did not set up a common administrative center in Bærum . Instead, Oslo continues to serve as the administrative headquarters. A survey found that around 20% of Viken's population supports Viken's education.
Former director of the Oslo Museum , Lars Roede, described Viken as "an extreme monstrosity that ignores geography and history," "reminiscent of rigged constituencies in the United States," and which is deeply unpopular in the affected regions. Roede also criticized "the amateurish logos and unhistorical names".
After the Fremskrittspartiet left the government in January 2020, it stated that it may be ready to support the dissolution of Viken. The Sosialistisk Venstreparti announced that the party would submit a proposal to the Storting to dissolve Fylkes Viken.
politics
The first fylkesting elections for the newly created province took place on September 9, 2019. 963,350 people were eligible to vote.
Results of the Fylkestingswahl
| Political party
|
|
Results 2019
|
| be right |
% |
Seats
|
|
|
Conservatives (H)
|
139,538
|
25.1
|
22nd
|
|
|
Labor Party (Ap)
|
134,764
|
24.2
|
22nd
|
|
|
Center Party (Sp)
|
73,665
|
13.2
|
12
|
|
|
Progressive Party (FrP)
|
48,700
|
8.8
|
8th
|
|
|
Environment party The Greens (MDG)
|
42,087
|
7.6
|
7th
|
|
|
Socialist Left Party (SV)
|
25,342
|
4.6
|
4th
|
|
|
Liberals (V)
|
19,292
|
3.6
|
3
|
|
|
Folkeaksjonen nei til mer bompenger (FNB)
|
19,292
|
3.5
|
3
|
|
|
Red (R)
|
17,528
|
3.2
|
3
|
|
|
Christian People's Party (KrF)
|
14,334
|
2.6
|
2
|
|
|
Pensjonistpartiet
|
8,440
|
1.5
|
1
|
|
|
Others
|
12,318
|
2.2
|
0
|
|
|
total
|
565,840
|
100.0
|
87
|
|
|
voter turnout
|
|
|
58.7
|
|
| Swell:
|
Administrative division
Viken is divided into 51 municipalities. Seven municipalities were created at the same time as the province by amalgamating old municipalities:
At the same time, the Nes commune in Buskerud changed its name to Nesbyen, as there was also a Nes commune in Akershus.
1: Nittedal
2: Gjerdrum
3: Lørenskog
4: Rælingen
5: Nesodden
6: Nordre Follo
7: Frogn
8: Ås
9: Vestby
10: Skiptvet
11: Råde |
|
Municipality
number
|
map
|
Surname
|
Residents
(February 27, 2020)
|
Area
(km²)
|
Speech
form
|
landscape
|
| 3001
|
|
Heaps
|
31,373
|
642.31
|
Bokmål
|
Heaps
|
| 3002
|
|
Moss
|
49.273
|
137.77
|
neutral
|
Moss region
|
| 3003
|
|
Sarpsborg
|
56,732
|
405.6
|
Bokmål
|
Nedre Glomma
|
| 3004
|
|
Fredrikstad
|
82,385
|
292.56
|
Bokmål
|
Nedre Glomma
|
| 3005
|
|
Drammen
|
101,386
|
317.68
|
neutral
|
Drammen region
|
| 3006
|
|
Kongsberg
|
27,723
|
793.09
|
Bokmål
|
Numedal
|
| 3007
|
|
Ringerike
|
30,641
|
1,555.11
|
Bokmål
|
Ringerike
|
| 3011
|
|
Hvaler
|
4668
|
90.12
|
Bokmål
|
Nedre Glomma
|
| 3012
|
|
Aremark
|
1325
|
319.27
|
Bokmål
|
Indre Østfold
|
| 3013
|
|
marker
|
3595
|
412.9
|
Bokmål
|
Indre Østfold
|
| 3014
|
|
Indre Østfold
|
44,792
|
791.93
|
Bokmål
|
Indre Østfold
|
| 3015
|
|
Skiptvet
|
3805
|
101.2
|
Bokmål
|
Indre Østfold
|
| 3016
|
|
Rakkestad
|
8255
|
434.71
|
Bokmål
|
Indre Østfold
|
| 3017
|
|
Råde
|
7508
|
118.77
|
Bokmål
|
Moss region
|
| 3018
|
|
Våler
|
5736
|
256.96
|
Bokmål
|
Moss region
|
| 3019
|
|
Vestby
|
18,042
|
133.97
|
Bokmål
|
Follo
|
| 3020
|
|
Nordre Follo
|
59,288
|
203
|
neutral
|
Follo
|
| 3021
|
|
Ås
|
20,439
|
102.68
|
neutral
|
Follo
|
| 3022
|
|
Frogn
|
15,877
|
85.7
|
Bokmål
|
Follo
|
| 3023
|
|
Nesodden
|
19,616
|
61.46
|
Bokmål
|
Follo
|
| 3024
|
|
Bærum
|
127,731
|
192.29
|
Bokmål
|
Stor-Osloregion
|
| 3025
|
|
Asker
|
94,441
|
376.62
|
neutral
|
Stor-Osloregion
|
| 3026
|
|
Aurskog-Høland
|
17,390
|
1,144.8
|
neutral
|
Nedre Romerike
|
| 3027
|
|
Rælingen
|
18,530
|
71.68
|
neutral
|
Nedre Romerike
|
| 3028
|
|
Enebakk
|
11,110
|
232.58
|
Bokmål
|
Follo
|
| 3029
|
|
Lørenskog
|
41,460
|
70.55
|
neutral
|
Nedre Romerike
|
| 3030
|
|
Lillestrøm
|
85.983
|
456.61
|
neutral
|
Nedre Romerike
|
| 3031
|
|
Nittedal
|
24,249
|
186.23
|
Bokmål
|
Nedre Romerike
|
| 3032
|
|
Gjerdrum
|
6890
|
83.19
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3033
|
|
Ullensaker
|
39,625
|
252.45
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3034
|
|
Nes
|
23.092
|
640.77
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3035
|
|
Oathful
|
25,436
|
456.5
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3036
|
|
Nannestad
|
14,139
|
340.98
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3037
|
|
Hurdal
|
2854
|
284.95
|
Bokmål
|
Øvre Romerike
|
| 3038
|
|
Get
|
6799
|
192.68
|
Bokmål
|
Ringerike
|
| 3039
|
|
Flå
|
1050
|
704.41
|
Bokmål
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3040
|
|
Nesbyen
|
3273
|
809.63
|
Bokmål
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3041
|
|
Gol
|
4608
|
532.5
|
Nynorsk
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3042
|
|
Hemsedal
|
2486
|
753.52
|
Nynorsk
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3043
|
|
Ål
|
4674
|
1,174.98
|
Nynorsk
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3044
|
|
Hol
|
4441
|
1,854.54
|
neutral
|
Hallingdal
|
| 3045
|
|
Sigdal
|
3467
|
842.36
|
Bokmål
|
Ringerike
|
| 3046
|
|
Krødsherad
|
2212
|
374.48
|
neutral
|
Ringerike
|
| 3047
|
|
Modum
|
14,115
|
517.24
|
Bokmål
|
Ringerike
|
| 3048
|
|
Øvre Eiker
|
19,423
|
456.69
|
Bokmål
|
Drammen region
|
| 3049
|
|
Lier
|
26,811
|
307.53
|
Bokmål
|
Drammen region
|
| 3050
|
|
Flesberg
|
2688
|
561.92
|
Bokmål
|
Numedal
|
| 3051
|
|
Rollag
|
1390
|
449.29
|
neutral
|
Numedal
|
| 3052
|
|
Nore and Uvdal
|
2439
|
2,502.16
|
neutral
|
Numedal
|
| 3053
|
|
Jevnaker
|
6852
|
225.71
|
Bokmål
|
Hadeland
|
| 3054
|
|
Lunner
|
9048
|
291.84
|
Bokmål
|
Hadeland
|
| 30th
|
|
Viken
|
1,241,165
|
24,592.6
|
neutral
|
Østlandet
|
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Fylkes Viken was re-elected at the suggestion of a citizen and is not based on older heraldic coats of arms of the Fylkes. The coat of arms shows a silver mountain and its triple silver reflection in the water. It was selected from over 600 suggestions from around 500 people. The historian Lars Roede criticized the coat of arms as an "amateur logo". Roede wrote that the coat of arms "violates the requirements of good heraldry ", was rejected by heraldry experts in the Reichsarchiv and " looks like three flying saucers under one hat"; it is a logo, but not a heraldic coat of arms.
Web links
proof
-
↑ Nye fylker at www.regjeringen.no, accessed on April 29, 2019
-
↑ Monsterfylket Viken vil oppløse seg selv , on ABC Nyheter, accessed on January 1, 2020
-
↑ Partienes listeforslag on www.viken2020.no, accessed on April 29, 2019
-
↑ a b c Lars Roede: Kronikk: Viken and Innlandet has fått amatørmessige logoer and uhistoriske navn. January 11, 2020, accessed on February 12, 2020 (Bokmål in Norwegian).
-
↑ Akershus sier nei til Viken. Retrieved February 12, 2020 (Norwegian Bokmål).
-
↑ Jon Gimmingsrud: Nei til Viken sammenslåing. December 7, 2016, accessed February 12, 2020 (Norwegian Bokmål).
-
↑ Flertallet i fylkestinget sier nei til Viken
-
↑ All tvangssammenslåingene vedtatt , Dagbladet, June 8, 2017
-
↑ Viken må stanses nå!
-
↑ Udemokratiske Viken
-
↑ Det nye storfylket Viken blir en realitet , Aftenposten , November 21, 2017
-
↑ Viken-flertallet vil legge ned Viken , Aftenposten , accessed on January 1, 2020
-
↑ NRK erfarer: Vil legge ned nye Viken , NRK , accessed on January 1, 2020
-
↑ Vil legge ned monsterfylket , OAvis.no, accessed January 1, 2020
-
↑ Folk flest vil ikke ha Viken [The population rejects Viken], Dagsavisen, July 2, 2019
-
↑ Nå kan Viken viskes Vekk , class Kampen
-
↑ Viken kan med Ryke Frp i opposisjon , Aftenposten
-
^ Lars Håkon Pedersen: SV about Stortinget om å oppløse Viken and Troms and Finnmark. January 22, 2020, accessed on February 12, 2020 (Norwegian Bokmål).
-
^ Viken fylke. valgresultat.no, accessed September 10, 2019 (Norwegian).
-
↑ Navn på nye kommuner at www.regjeringen.no, accessed on April 29, 2019
-
↑ Dette bør være Vikens nye fylkesvåpen on www.viken2020.no from March 22, 2019, accessed on August 7, 2019
-
↑ Trude har tegnet Vikens nye fylkesvåpen on www.viken2020.no from June 13, 2019, accessed on August 7, 2019
Fylker (provinces) and outer areas of Norway
60 10Coordinates: 60 ° 0 ′ N , 10 ° 0 ′ E
