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| engine = [[V12 engine|V12]]
| engine = [[V12 engine|V12]]
}}
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[[File:1951_Ferrari_340_America_(2).jpg|thumb|1951 Ferrari 340 America (2)]]
'''Ferrari America''' is a series of top-end [[Ferrari]] models built in the 1950s and 1960s. They were large [[Grand tourer|grand touring cars]] with the largest V12 engines and often had custom bodywork. All America models used a [[live axle]] in the rear, were [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|front-engined]], and had [[worm and sector]] steering.
'''Ferrari America''' is a series of top-end [[Ferrari]] models built in the 1950s and 1960s. They were large [[Grand tourer|grand touring cars]] with the largest V12 engines and often had custom bodywork. All America models used a [[live axle]] in the rear, were [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|front-engined]], and had [[worm and sector]] steering.


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The 340/342 America was replaced by its larger-engined brother, the 375 America.
The 340/342 America was replaced by its larger-engined brother, the 375 America.
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:1951 Ferrari 340 America (1).jpg|Ferrari 340 America [[Carrozzeria Touring|Touring]] Berlinetta
File:1951 Ferrari 340 America (1).jpg|Ferrari 340 America [[Carrozzeria Touring|Touring]] Berlinetta
File:1951-04-28-Ferrari340-0082A-MilleMiglia-Villoresi.jpg|340 America that won 1951 Mille Miglia
File:1951-04-28-Ferrari340-0082A-MilleMiglia-Villoresi.jpg|Ferrari 340 America Vignale Coupé that won 1951 Mille Miglia
File:Ferrari 340 America front - Flick - Concorso Italiano 2004.jpg|Ferrari 340 America Ghia Coupé
</gallery>
</gallery>
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}}
}}


Only six road cars were made: Vignale Cabriolet (designed by [[Giovanni Michelotti]]), two [[Pinin Farina]] Cabriolets and three Pinin Farina Coupés. Using the same Lampredi-designed engine as in 340 America with a different carburettor air filter arrangement and thus was detuned to {{convert|200|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}. Last example, the Pinin Farina Cabriolet s/n 0248AL presented at 1953 New York Auto show, was upgraded to 4.5 L engine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/342-america/|title=Ferrari 342 America|website=ferrari.com|access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref> Both 340/342 Americas used even chassis numbering of a race cars, while 375 America and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars. A Black Pinin Farina Cabriolet was owned by [[King Leopold III]] of Belgium.
Only six road cars were made: Vignale Cabriolet (designed by [[Giovanni Michelotti]]), two [[Pinin Farina]] Cabriolets and three Pinin Farina Coupés. Using the same Lampredi-designed engine as in 340 America with a different carburettor air filter arrangement and thus was detuned to {{cvt|200|hp-metric|kW|0}}. Last example, the Pinin Farina Cabriolet s/n 0248AL presented at 1953 New York Auto show, was upgraded to 4.5 L engine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/342-america/|title=Ferrari 342 America|website=ferrari.com|access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref> Both 340/342 Americas used even chassis numbering of a race cars, while 375 America and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars. A Black Pinin Farina Cabriolet was owned by [[King Leopold III]] of Belgium.

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<gallery widths="200" heights="145">
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File:ATMS 07 - Ferrari.jpg|Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
File:1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina coupé, front right (2019 Greenwich Concours).jpg|1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
File:1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina coupé, rear left (2019 Greenwich Concours).jpg|1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé (rear)
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File:Ferrari 342 America PF Cabriolet (1).jpg|Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet
File:Ferrari 342 America PF Cabriolet (2).jpg|Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (rear)
File:Ferrari 342 America PF Cabriolet (interior).jpg|Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (interior)
</gallery>{{clear}}


==375 America==<!-- This section is linked from [[Ferrari]] -->
==375 America==<!-- This section is linked from [[Ferrari]] -->
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| name = Ferrari 375 America
| name = Ferrari 375 America
| image = Ferrari 375 Vignale 1.jpg
| image = Ferrari 375 Vignale 1.jpg
| production = 1953–1954<br />12 made (two were converted from 250 Europas)
| production = 1953–1954<br />12 made (two were converted from 250 Europa)
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]<br />2-door [[Roadster (automobile)|roadster]]
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]<br />2-door [[Roadster (automobile)|roadster]]
| engine = 4.5&nbsp;L (4522.08 cc) ''Tipo 104 [[Ferrari Lampredi engine#V12|Lampredi]]'' [[V12 engine|V12]]
| engine = 4.5&nbsp;L (4522.08 cc) ''Tipo 104 [[Ferrari Lampredi engine#V12|Lampredi]]'' [[V12 engine|V12]]
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| weight = {{convert|1150|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|1150|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| sp = uk
| sp = uk
| powerout = 300 PS
| powerout = 300 PS
| caption = Ferrari 375 America Coupé by Vignale
}}
}}


The 375 America was introduced in 1953 and a [[Pinin Farina]] bodied example was shown at that year's Paris Salon. Built as a successor to the 342 America, The 375 used the new 4.5&nbsp;L (4,522 cc) "long block" Lampredi designed V12 engine that produced up to {{convert|300|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6300 rpm, with three [[Weber carburetor|Weber]] 40DCF (or DCZ) carburettors, and allowed it do 0-60 mph in under seven seconds and reach a top speed of almost 160 mph (257.5 kmh).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/MO11/Monterey/lots/r210-1953-ferrari-375-america-coupe-by-carrozzeria-vignale/192346|title=RM Sotheby's - r210 1953 Ferrari 375 America Coupe by Carrozzeria Vignale|date=2017-08-16|work=RM Sotheby's|access-date=2018-05-01|language=en}}</ref> The 375 and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars, while the 340/342 Americas using even chassis numbering of a race cars. The 375 was expensive and exclusive and was only built from late 1953 through 1954. 12 cars were made, with ten being original 375s and two being 250 Europas that were subsequently converted to 375 specifications (the [[Ferrari 250#250 Europa|250 Europa]] and 375 had a nearly identical wheelbase, chassis and mechanicals).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_US/sports-cars-models/past-models/375-america/|title=Ferrari 375 America|website=ferrari.com|access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> The majority of 375s had either three or five-window coupe bodies by Pinin Farina, though [[Vignale]] bodied around three Coupés and one convertible.
The 375 America was introduced in 1953 and a [[Pinin Farina]] bodied example was shown at that year's Paris Salon. Built as a successor to the 342 America, The 375 used the new 4.5&nbsp;L (4,522 cc) "long block" Lampredi designed V12 engine that produced up to {{convert|300|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6300 rpm, with three [[Weber carburetor|Weber]] 40DCF (or DCZ) carburettors, and allowed it do 0-60 mph in under seven seconds and reach a top speed of almost 160 mph (257.5 kmh).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/MO11/Monterey/lots/r210-1953-ferrari-375-america-coupe-by-carrozzeria-vignale/192346|title=RM Sotheby's - r210 1953 Ferrari 375 America Coupe by Carrozzeria Vignale|date=2017-08-16|work=RM Sotheby's|access-date=2018-05-01|language=en}}</ref> The 375 and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars, while the 340/342 Americas using even chassis numbering of a race cars. The 375 was expensive and exclusive and was only built from late 1953 through 1954. 12 cars were made, with ten being original 375s and two being 250 Europas that were subsequently converted to 375 specifications (the [[Ferrari 250#250 Europa|250 Europa]] and 375 had a nearly identical wheelbase, chassis and mechanicals).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_US/sports-cars-models/past-models/375-america/|title=Ferrari 375 America|website=ferrari.com|access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> The majority of 375s had either three or five-window coupe bodies by Pinin Farina, though [[Vignale]] bodied around three Coupés and one convertible.
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Ferrari 375 Vignale 2.jpg|1953 Ferrari 375 America with bodywork by Carrozzeria [[Vignale]]
File:Ferrari 375 Vignale 2.jpg|1953 Ferrari 375 America with bodywork by Carrozzeria [[Vignale]]
File:DSC01112 (2686563940).jpg|1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by [[Aldo Brovarone]] at Pinin Farina for [[Gianni Agnelli]]
File:2021 Pebble Tour Ferrari 375 0355AL.jpg|1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by [[Aldo Brovarone]] at Pinin Farina for [[Gianni Agnelli]]
File:Ferrari (3158191850).jpg|1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina
</gallery>
</gallery>
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Each 410 Superamerica had custom bodywork, with a few by [[Mario Boano|Boano]] and [[Ghia]] but most by Ferrari stalwart, [[Pinin Farina]]. The price was extremely high—at [[USD|US$]]16,800, the 410 Superamerica offered at the [[New York Auto Show]] by importer [[Luigi Chinetti]] was more than twice as expensive as the [[Mercedes-Benz 300SL]] "Gullwing" exhibited by [[Max Hoffman]]. Just 35 were built when the series ended in 1959.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ahlgrim |first=Steve |title=1957 Ferrari 410 Superamerica Coupe |journal=[[Sports Car Market]] |date=April 2012 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=46–47}}</ref> First 2 series of Pinin Farina coupés were very similar with only 3rd series radically redesigned with non-panoramic rear window, different side-line, lower front grille and more recessed headlights, some covered. While most 3rd series PF coupés had 3 louvres behind side-windows, some have this space glassed over. Series III cars were introduced in 1958.
Each 410 Superamerica had custom bodywork, with a few by [[Mario Boano|Boano]] and [[Ghia]] but most by Ferrari stalwart, [[Pinin Farina]]. The price was extremely high—at [[USD|US$]]16,800, the 410 Superamerica offered at the [[New York Auto Show]] by importer [[Luigi Chinetti]] was more than twice as expensive as the [[Mercedes-Benz 300SL]] "Gullwing" exhibited by [[Max Hoffman]]. Just 35 were built when the series ended in 1959.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ahlgrim |first=Steve |title=1957 Ferrari 410 Superamerica Coupe |journal=[[Sports Car Market]] |date=April 2012 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=46–47}}</ref> First 2 series of Pinin Farina coupés were very similar with only 3rd series radically redesigned with non-panoramic rear window, different side-line, lower front grille and more recessed headlights, some covered. While most 3rd series PF coupés had 3 louvres behind side-windows, some have this space glassed over. Series III cars were introduced in 1958.


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===410 Superfast Pinin Farina Speciale===
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Also known as "Superfast I", made on 410 Superamerica chassis with 24-plug racing engine from [[Ferrari 410 S|410 S]], prominent tailfins and bi-coloured body. It was unveiled at the 1956 [[Paris Auto Show]]. Wheelbase was shorter at 2,600 mm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/All.Ferraris/Detail/0483SA.410Superamerica.htm|title=Ferrari 410 "Superfast I" PF Speciale|website=barchetta.cc|accessdate=4 July 2019}}</ref>

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===4.9 Superfast===
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Another show car based on 410 Superamerica chassis and engine was Ferrari 4.9 Superfast. First time presented in Paris, 1957, this car was an evolution of 410 Superfast but without the prominent rear fins. Also the colours were similar but with dark blue-green full body and white roof.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/all.ferraris/detail/0719sa.410superamerica.htm|title=410 Superamerica s/n 0719SA|website=barchetta.cc|accessdate=13 October 2019}}</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:1954 Ferrari 410 0477SA.jpg|Ferrari 410 Superamerica by Boano s/n 0477SA
File:1956 Ferrari 410 Superamerica - fvr2.jpg|Ferrari 410 Superamerica Series I by Pinin Farina
File:1956 Ferrari 410 Superamerica - fvr2.jpg|Ferrari 410 Superamerica Series I by Pinin Farina
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File:1956 Ferrari 410 Superamerica Pininfarina (1).jpg|Ferrari 410 Superfast by Pinin Farina
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File:Ferrari 410 Superamerica.jpg|Ferrari 4.9 Superfast by Pinin Farina
</gallery>
</gallery>

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===410 Superfast Pinin Farina Speciale===
[[File:2021 Pebble Tour Ferrari 410 0483SA.jpg|thumb|Ferrari 410 Superfast by Pinin Farina]]
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Also known as "Superfast I", made on 410 Superamerica chassis with 24-plug racing engine from [[Ferrari 410 S|410 S]], prominent tailfins and bi-coloured body. It was unveiled at the 1956 [[Paris Auto Show]]. Wheelbase was shorter at 2,600 mm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/All.Ferraris/Detail/0483SA.410Superamerica.htm|title=Ferrari 410 "Superfast I" PF Speciale|website=barchetta.cc|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref>
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===4.9 Superfast===
[[File:Ferrari 410 Superamerica.jpg|thumb|Ferrari 4.9 Superfast by Pinin Farina]]
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Another show car based on 410 Superamerica chassis and engine was Ferrari 4.9 Superfast. First time presented in Paris, 1957, this car was an evolution of 410 Superfast but without the prominent rear fins. Also the colours were similar but with dark blue-green full body and white roof.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/all.ferraris/detail/0719sa.410superamerica.htm|title=410 Superamerica s/n 0719SA|website=barchetta.cc|access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref>
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===400 Superamerica Pinin Farina Coupé Speciale===
===400 Superamerica Pinin Farina Coupé Speciale===
A special one-off version of the 400 Superamerica, s/n 1517SA, was built in 1959 for [[Gianni Agnelli]]. This car was also the very first of the 400 Superamericas. A very similar body with its characteristic squar grille, was used on [[Maserati 5000 GT]] that was also built for Sig. Agnelli.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/All.Ferraris/Detail/1517SA.400Superamerica.htm|title=400 Superamerica SWB Series I s/n 1517SA|website=barchetta.cc|accessdate=3 October 2019}}</ref>
A special one-off version of the 400 Superamerica, s/n 1517SA, was built in 1959 for [[Gianni Agnelli]]. This car was also the very first of the 400 Superamericas. A very similar body with its characteristic square grille, was used on [[Maserati 5000 GT]] that was also built for Sig. Agnelli.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barchetta.cc/english/All.Ferraris/Detail/1517SA.400Superamerica.htm|title=400 Superamerica SWB Series I s/n 1517SA|website=barchetta.cc|access-date=3 October 2019}}</ref>


===400 Superamerica Superfast II–IV===
===400 Superamerica Superfast II–IV===
Originally built as series I Ferrari 400 Superamerica Aerodinamico Pinin Farina Coupé, chassis no. 2207SA, was bodied and presented as ''Superfast II'' at the Torino Motor Show in 1960 and 1961. It was used by Battista "Pinin" Farina as his personal car. In 1961 rebodied into ''Superfast III'' and presented at 1962 Geneva Motor Show. Same year redesigned another, final, time as ''Superfast IV''. It was a styling concept for the upcoming '''500 Superfast''' model. Currently this show car can be seen on various events with its first styling.
Originally built as series I Ferrari 400 Superamerica Aerodinamico Pinin Farina Coupé, chassis no. 2207SA, was bodied and presented as ''Superfast II'' at the Torino Motor Show in 1960 and 1961. It was used by Battista "Pinin" Farina as his personal car. In 1961 rebodied into ''Superfast III'' and presented at 1962 Geneva Motor Show. Same year redesigned another, final, time as ''Superfast IV''. It was a styling concept for the upcoming '''500 Superfast''' model. Currently this show car can be seen on various events with its first styling.

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<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
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<gallery widths="200px" heights="140px">
File:Ferrari 400 Superamerica fl.jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Series II by [[Pinin Farina]]
File:Ferrari 400 Superamerica fl.jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Series II by [[Pinin Farina]]
File:1960 Ferrari 400 Superamerica.jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina for [[Gianni Agnelli]]
1960 Ferrari 400 Superamerica in the Museo Ferrari, front right.jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina for [[Gianni Agnelli]]
File:Ferrari Superfast II front.jpg|Ferrari Superfast II by Pinin Farina
File:1960-10-03 Stupinigi Ferrari 400 2207SA Battista.jpg|[[Battista Farina]] with a Ferrari Superfast II
File:1960 Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet (44702502321).jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet by Pinin Farina
File:1960 Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet (44702502321).jpg|Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet by Pinin Farina
</gallery>
</gallery>
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| image = 1964 Ferrari 500 Superfast fr.jpg
| image = 1964 Ferrari 500 Superfast fr.jpg
| production = 1964–1966<br />36 made
| production = 1964–1966<br />36 made
| designer = [[Pininfarina]]
| designer = [[Aldo Brovarone]] at [[Pininfarina]]
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]
| engine = 5.0 L (4962.96 cc) ''Tipo 208 [[Ferrari Colombo engine|Colombo]] '' [[V12 engine|V12]]
| engine = 5.0 L (4962.96 cc) ''Tipo 208 [[Ferrari Colombo engine|Colombo]] '' [[V12 engine|V12]]
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}}
}}


The end of the top-line America series was the '''500 Superfast''', first shown on the Pininfarina stand at the March [[Geneva Motor Show#1964|1964 Geneva Motor Show]].<ref name="lastampa Superfast">{{cite news |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,13/articleid,0096_01_1964_0061_0013_6060753/ |title=Si apre oggi a Ginevra il Salone dell'Auto, primo grande confronto della produzione mondiale |trans-title= |first=Ferruccio |last=Bernabò |date=12 March 1964 |page=13 |newspaper=[[La Stampa]] |accessdate=12 February 2017}}</ref> During development these cars were to be called "Superamerica", but the decision was made at the last moment to use "Superfast" instead.{{cn|date=February 2017}}
The end of the top-line America series was the '''500 Superfast''', first shown on the Pininfarina stand at the March [[Geneva Motor Show#1964|1964 Geneva Motor Show]].<ref name="lastampa Superfast">{{cite news |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,13/articleid,0096_01_1964_0061_0013_6060753/ |title=Si apre oggi a Ginevra il Salone dell'Auto, primo grande confronto della produzione mondiale |first=Ferruccio |last=Bernabò |date=12 March 1964 |page=13 |newspaper=[[La Stampa]] |access-date=12 February 2017}}</ref> During development these cars were to be called "Superamerica", but the decision was made at the last moment to use "Superfast" instead.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


The engine was a unique {{convert|4962.96|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on}} [[Ferrari Colombo engine|Ferrari Colombo V12 engine]],<ref name="Ferrari 500 Superfast" /> which had the same dimensions as the Lampredi "long-block" engines of the 410 Superamerica, otherwise the design was based on the original Colombo "short block". Breathing through six twin-choke [[Weber carburetor|Weber]] 40DCZ/6 [[carburettor]]s, the V12 produced {{convert|400|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,500&nbsp;rpm and could push the car to {{convert|280|km/h|mph|0}}.<ref name="Ferrari 500 Superfast">{{cite web|url=http://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/500-superfast/#specifications |title=Ferrari 500 Superfast |website=ferrari.com |accessdate=8 January 2016}}</ref> The chassis was very similar in construction to the contemporary [[Ferrari 330|330 GT 2+2]], and bodywork was again done by Pininfarina. When leaving the factory the 500 Superfast originally fitted [[Pirelli Cinturato|Pirelli Cinturato CN72]] 205 VR15 tyres.
The engine was a unique {{convert|4962.96|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on}} [[Ferrari Colombo engine|Ferrari Colombo V12 engine]],<ref name="Ferrari 500 Superfast" /> which had the same 108 mm [[Bore pitch|bore center]] dimensions as the Lampredi "long-block" engines of the 410 Superamerica, otherwise the design was based on the original Colombo "short block". Breathing through six twin-choke [[Weber carburetor|Weber]] 40DCZ/6 [[carburettor]]s, the V12 produced {{convert|400|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,500&nbsp;rpm and could push the car to {{convert|280|km/h|mph|0}}.<ref name="Ferrari 500 Superfast">{{cite web|url=http://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/500-superfast/#specifications |title=Ferrari 500 Superfast |website=ferrari.com |access-date=8 January 2016}}</ref> The chassis was very similar in construction to the contemporary [[Ferrari 330|330 GT 2+2]], and bodywork was again done by Pininfarina. When leaving the factory the 500 Superfast originally fitted [[Pirelli Cinturato|Pirelli Cinturato CN72]] 205 VR15 tyres.

36 cars were made from 1964 to 1966, including 12 improved models with a 5-speed [[Manual transmission|transmission]] in place of the earlier 4-speed plus [[overdrive (mechanics)|overdrive]]. This production total excludes a one-off [[Ferrari 330#330 GT 2+2|330 GT 2+2]] produced with a Superfast-style body for [[Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld|Prince Bernhard of The Netherlands]]. Only coupés were made and no Superfast roadsters were available.
36 cars were made from 1964 to 1966, including 12 improved Series II models with a 5-speed [[Manual transmission|transmission]] in place of the earlier 4-speed plus [[overdrive (mechanics)|overdrive]]. The Series II cars can be recognized by having a triple louvre exhaust vent behind the front wheels, rather than the earlier 11-slot grilles. The production total excludes a one-off [[Ferrari 330#330 GT 2+2|330 GT 2+2]] produced with a Superfast-style body for [[Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld|Prince Bernhard of The Netherlands]]. This one-off car sold at [[Bonhams]]' December 2003 Geneva auction for CHF 422,100 inc. premium.<ref>{{Cite web|title= 1964 Ferrari 500 Superfast Speciale 6267 SF| location = Geneva, Switzerland | date = 19 December 2003 | url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/10807/lot/274/|access-date=2021-02-16| id = Lot 274 | website= Bonhams }}</ref> Only coupés were made and no Superfast roadsters were available.
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<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">

File:1965 Ferrari Superfast Coupe - blue - rvl.jpg|Rear three-quarters view of a 500 Superfast
<gallery widths="200px" heights="140px">
1964 Ferrari 500 Superfast in Dark Red, rear left.jpg|Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series I; s/n 5983SF)
1967 Ferrari 500 Superfast Series II (5810146877).jpg|1967 Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series II; s/n 8459S)
</gallery>
</gallery>
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{{Infobox automobile
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Ferrari 365 California
| name = Ferrari 365 California
| image = File:Ferrari 1967 365 California (9062327023).jpg
| image = Ferrari 365 California Spyder.jpg
| production = 1966&ndash;1967<br />14 made
| production = 1966&ndash;1967<br />14 made
| designer = [[Tom Tjaarda]] at [[Pininfarina]]<ref name="tom-tjaarda.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.tom-tjaarda.net/cars.htm |title=Cars by Tom Tjaarda |website=tom-tjaarda.net |accessdate=11 June 2013}}</ref>
| designer = [[Tom Tjaarda]] at [[Pininfarina]]<ref name="tom-tjaarda.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.tom-tjaarda.net/cars.htm |title=Cars by Tom Tjaarda |website=tom-tjaarda.net |access-date=11 June 2013}}</ref>
| related = Ferrari 500 Superfast
| related = Ferrari 500 Superfast
| body_style = 2+2 [[Convertible (car)|convertible]]
| body_style = 2+2 [[Convertible (car)|convertible]]
| engine = 4.4&nbsp;L (4390.35 cc) ''Tipo 217B [[Ferrari Colombo engine#365|Colombo]]'' [[V12 engine|V12]]
| engine = 4.4&nbsp;L (4390 cc) ''Tipo 217B [[Ferrari Colombo engine#365|Colombo]]'' [[V12 engine|V12]]
| transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]
| transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]
| wheelbase = {{convert|2650|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|2650|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
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| sp = uk
| sp = uk
}}
}}
The '''365 California''' replaced the [[Ferrari America#500 Superfast|500 Superfast]] for 1966. It was the first 365 model, with its {{convert|4390|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on}} [[V12 engine|V12]] based on the [[Ferrari 330|330]]'s 4.0&nbsp;L ''[[Ferrari Colombo engine|Colombo]]'' unit but with an 81&nbsp;mm bore. The 365 California used the same chassis as the 500 Superfast but with an evolutionary [[Cabriolet (automobile)|cabriolet]] body by [[Pininfarina]]. Debuting at the [[Geneva Motor Show#1966|Geneva Motor Show]] in 1966, just 14 examples were produced (including 2 in right hand drive) before production ended in 1967. Whilst the prototype was built on a 330 GT 2+2 type 571 chassis,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/365-california/|title=Ferrari 365 California|website=ferrari.com|access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref> production cars featured type 598 chassis. Chassis' were sent to Pininfarina's Grugliasco plant to be bodied and trimmed which were later returned to Ferrari for fitment of the mechanical components.
The '''365 California''' replaced the [[Ferrari America#500 Superfast|500 Superfast]] for 1966. It was the first 365 model, with its {{convert|4390|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on}} [[V12 engine|V12]] based on the [[Ferrari 330|330]]'s 4.0&nbsp;L ''[[Ferrari Colombo engine|Colombo]]'' unit but with an 81&nbsp;mm bore. The 365 California used the same chassis as the 500 Superfast but with an evolutionary [[Cabriolet (automobile)|cabriolet]] body by [[Pininfarina]]. Debuting at the [[Geneva Motor Show#1966|Geneva Motor Show]] in 1966, just 14 examples were produced (including 2 in right hand drive) before production ended in 1967. Whilst the prototype was built on a 330 GT 2+2 type 571 chassis,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/365-california/|title=Ferrari 365 California|website=ferrari.com|access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref> production cars featured type 598 chassis.
The chassis were sent to Pininfarina's Grugliasco plant to be bodied and trimmed, and were then returned to Ferrari for fitment of the mechanical components.
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Ferrari 1967 365 California (9062327161).jpg|Ferrari 365 California
Ferrari 1967 365 California (9062327161).jpg|Ferrari 365 California (rear view)
1966 Ferrari 365 California Spyder - brown - rvlL.jpg|Earlier examples have triple, round taillights
1966 Ferrari 365 California Spyder - brown - int.jpg|The dashboard
</gallery>
</gallery>
{{clear}}
{{clear}}

Latest revision as of 09:07, 10 April 2024

For the 1963, Ferrari 250 GT 2+2 based car see Ferrari 330 America
Ferrari 340 America, 342 America, 375 America, 410 Superamerica, 400 Superamerica, 500 Superfast, 365 California
Overview
ManufacturerFerrari
Production1950–1967
Body and chassis
ClassGrand tourer
LayoutFront-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Powertrain
EngineV12
1951 Ferrari 340 America (2)

Ferrari America is a series of top-end Ferrari models built in the 1950s and 1960s. They were large grand touring cars with the largest V12 engines and often had custom bodywork. All America models used a live axle in the rear, were front-engined, and had worm and sector steering.

Two of the series, the 410 and the 400, were called Superamerica. The final member of the America production family was called the 500 Superfast. The series also includes the 365 California.

340 America[edit]

See also: Ferrari 340 F1 and Ferrari 340
Ferrari 340 America
Ferrari 340 America Vignale Spyder
Overview
Production1950–1952
25 made (two were converted from 275 S)
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
2-door roadster
Powertrain
Engine4.1 L (4101.66 cc) Lampredi V12
Power output220 PS
Transmission5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,420 mm (95.3 in)
Kerb weight900 kg (1,984 lb) (dry, berlinetta)

The first America cars were the 340, produced between 1950 and 1952. Using the new Lampredi V12 developed for Formula One racing, the 340 America could produce 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp).[1] Originally only 23 copies were built: 11 by Vignale, eight by Touring, and four by Ghia.[2] Giovanni Michelotti designed Coupé and 2+2 Coupé for Ghia and Coupé and Spider for Vignale. The first two Americas were converted from the 275 S. In 1951, 340 America Vignale Berlinetta won Mille Miglia race driven by Luigi Villoresi. Three Touring barchettas were also entered that year but did not finish.[3]

The 340/342 America was replaced by its larger-engined brother, the 375 America.

  • Ferrari 340 America Touring Berlinetta
    Ferrari 340 America Touring Berlinetta
  • Ferrari 340 America Vignale Coupé that won 1951 Mille Miglia
    Ferrari 340 America Vignale Coupé that won 1951 Mille Miglia
  • Ferrari 340 America Ghia Coupé
    Ferrari 340 America Ghia Coupé

342 America[edit]

Ferrari 342 America
Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
Overview
Production1952
6 made
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
2-door convertible
Powertrain
Engine4.1 L (4101.66 cc) Lampredi V12
Power output200 PS
Transmission4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,650 mm (104.3 in)
Kerb weight1,200 kg (2,646 lb)

Only six road cars were made: Vignale Cabriolet (designed by Giovanni Michelotti), two Pinin Farina Cabriolets and three Pinin Farina Coupés. Using the same Lampredi-designed engine as in 340 America with a different carburettor air filter arrangement and thus was detuned to 200 hp (147 kW). Last example, the Pinin Farina Cabriolet s/n 0248AL presented at 1953 New York Auto show, was upgraded to 4.5 L engine.[4] Both 340/342 Americas used even chassis numbering of a race cars, while 375 America and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars. A Black Pinin Farina Cabriolet was owned by King Leopold III of Belgium.

  • Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
    Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
  • 1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
    1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé
  • 1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé (rear)
    1952 Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Coupé (rear)
  • Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet
    Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet
  • Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (rear)
    Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (rear)
  • Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (interior)
    Ferrari 342 America Pinin Farina Cabriolet (interior)

375 America[edit]

See also: Ferrari 375 F1 and Ferrari 375 MM
Ferrari 375 America
Ferrari 375 America Coupé by Vignale
Overview
Production1953–1954
12 made (two were converted from 250 Europa)
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
2-door roadster
Powertrain
Engine4.5 L (4522.08 cc) Tipo 104 Lampredi V12
Power output300 PS
Transmission4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,800 mm (110.2 in)
Kerb weight1,150 kg (2,535 lb)

The 375 America was introduced in 1953 and a Pinin Farina bodied example was shown at that year's Paris Salon. Built as a successor to the 342 America, The 375 used the new 4.5 L (4,522 cc) "long block" Lampredi designed V12 engine that produced up to 300 PS (221 kW; 296 hp) at 6300 rpm, with three Weber 40DCF (or DCZ) carburettors, and allowed it do 0-60 mph in under seven seconds and reach a top speed of almost 160 mph (257.5 kmh).[5] The 375 and later used odd chassis numbering of a road cars, while the 340/342 Americas using even chassis numbering of a race cars. The 375 was expensive and exclusive and was only built from late 1953 through 1954. 12 cars were made, with ten being original 375s and two being 250 Europas that were subsequently converted to 375 specifications (the 250 Europa and 375 had a nearly identical wheelbase, chassis and mechanicals).[6] The majority of 375s had either three or five-window coupe bodies by Pinin Farina, though Vignale bodied around three Coupés and one convertible.

  • 1953 Ferrari 375 America with bodywork by Carrozzeria Vignale
    1953 Ferrari 375 America with bodywork by Carrozzeria Vignale
  • 1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by Aldo Brovarone at Pinin Farina for Gianni Agnelli
    1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by Aldo Brovarone at Pinin Farina for Gianni Agnelli
  • 1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina
    1955 Ferrari 375 America Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina

410 Superamerica[edit]

See also: Ferrari 410 S
Ferrari 410 Superamerica
Series III 410 Superamerica Pinin Farina Coupé
Overview
Production1955–1959
35 made
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
2-door roadster
Powertrain
Engine5.0 L (4962.96 cc) Tipo 126 Lampredi V12
Power output340 PS/360 PS
Transmission4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,800 mm (110.2 in)
2,600 mm (102.4 in)
Kerb weight1,200 kg (2,646 lb)

Ferrari produced another line of America cars, beginning with the 1955 410 Superamerica. The engine, based on a single plug 410 S powerplant, was now up to 5.0 L with 340 PS (250 kW; 335 hp) at 6,000 rpm produced thanks to triple Weber 40DCF carburettors. A 1957 Superamerica series III had triple 46DCF3 Webers for even more power (360 PS (265 kW; 355 hp)) and was also the final development for the 'long-block' Lampredi V12.[7]

Each 410 Superamerica had custom bodywork, with a few by Boano and Ghia but most by Ferrari stalwart, Pinin Farina. The price was extremely high—at US$16,800, the 410 Superamerica offered at the New York Auto Show by importer Luigi Chinetti was more than twice as expensive as the Mercedes-Benz 300SL "Gullwing" exhibited by Max Hoffman. Just 35 were built when the series ended in 1959.[8] First 2 series of Pinin Farina coupés were very similar with only 3rd series radically redesigned with non-panoramic rear window, different side-line, lower front grille and more recessed headlights, some covered. While most 3rd series PF coupés had 3 louvres behind side-windows, some have this space glassed over. Series III cars were introduced in 1958.

  • Ferrari 410 Superamerica by Boano s/n 0477SA
    Ferrari 410 Superamerica by Boano s/n 0477SA
  • Ferrari 410 Superamerica Series I by Pinin Farina
    Ferrari 410 Superamerica Series I by Pinin Farina

410 Superfast Pinin Farina Speciale[edit]

Ferrari 410 Superfast by Pinin Farina

Also known as "Superfast I", made on 410 Superamerica chassis with 24-plug racing engine from 410 S, prominent tailfins and bi-coloured body. It was unveiled at the 1956 Paris Auto Show. Wheelbase was shorter at 2,600 mm.[9]

4.9 Superfast[edit]

Ferrari 4.9 Superfast by Pinin Farina

Another show car based on 410 Superamerica chassis and engine was Ferrari 4.9 Superfast. First time presented in Paris, 1957, this car was an evolution of 410 Superfast but without the prominent rear fins. Also the colours were similar but with dark blue-green full body and white roof.[10]

400 Superamerica[edit]

Ferrari 400 Superamerica
Series I Ferrari 400 Superamerica Coupé Aerodinamico
Overview
Production1959–1964
47 made
DesignerAldo Brovarone at Pinin Farina (Coupé Aerodinamico)
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
2-door roadster
Powertrain
Engine4.0 L (3967.44 cc) Tipo 163 Colombo V12
Power output340 PS
Transmission4-speed manual with overdrive
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,420 mm (95.3 in)(series I)
2,600 mm (102.4 in)(series II)
Kerb weight1,250 kg (2,756 lb) (dry, coupé)

The 400 Superamerica had a smaller 4.0 L Colombo engine, but produced as much power as its predecessor, 340 PS (250 kW; 335 hp) at 7,000 rpm. It debuted in 1959 as 410 production ended, and was available as a coupe, spider, or cabriolet with custom Pinin Farina bodywork. Four-wheel disc brakes were a new addition. 47 Ferrari 400s had been built, along 2 series, when the 400 stepped aside in 1964, of which 32 were coupé aerodinamico variant. Series I coupés aerodinamico had open hood air scoop while series II cars had covered scoop and slightly longer wheelbase.[11]

400 Superamerica Pinin Farina Coupé Speciale[edit]

A special one-off version of the 400 Superamerica, s/n 1517SA, was built in 1959 for Gianni Agnelli. This car was also the very first of the 400 Superamericas. A very similar body with its characteristic square grille, was used on Maserati 5000 GT that was also built for Sig. Agnelli.[12]

400 Superamerica Superfast II–IV[edit]

Originally built as series I Ferrari 400 Superamerica Aerodinamico Pinin Farina Coupé, chassis no. 2207SA, was bodied and presented as Superfast II at the Torino Motor Show in 1960 and 1961. It was used by Battista "Pinin" Farina as his personal car. In 1961 rebodied into Superfast III and presented at 1962 Geneva Motor Show. Same year redesigned another, final, time as Superfast IV. It was a styling concept for the upcoming 500 Superfast model. Currently this show car can be seen on various events with its first styling.

  • Ferrari 400 Superamerica Series II by Pinin Farina
    Ferrari 400 Superamerica Series II by Pinin Farina
  • Ferrari 400 Superamerica Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina for Gianni Agnelli
    Ferrari 400 Superamerica Coupé Speciale by Pinin Farina for Gianni Agnelli
  • Battista Farina with a Ferrari Superfast II
    Battista Farina with a Ferrari Superfast II
  • Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet by Pinin Farina
    Ferrari 400 Superamerica Cabriolet by Pinin Farina

500 Superfast[edit]

Ferrari 500 Superfast
Overview
Production1964–1966
36 made
DesignerAldo Brovarone at Pininfarina
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupé
Powertrain
Engine5.0 L (4962.96 cc) Tipo 208 Colombo V12
Power output400 PS
Transmission4-speed manual with overdrive
5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,650 mm (104.3 in)
Length4,820 mm (189.8 in)
Width1,730 mm (68.1 in)
Height1,280 mm (50.4 in)
Kerb weight1,400 kg (3,086 lb)

The end of the top-line America series was the 500 Superfast, first shown on the Pininfarina stand at the March 1964 Geneva Motor Show.[13] During development these cars were to be called "Superamerica", but the decision was made at the last moment to use "Superfast" instead.[citation needed]

The engine was a unique 4,962.96 cc (303 cu in) Ferrari Colombo V12 engine,[14] which had the same 108 mm bore center dimensions as the Lampredi "long-block" engines of the 410 Superamerica, otherwise the design was based on the original Colombo "short block". Breathing through six twin-choke Weber 40DCZ/6 carburettors, the V12 produced 400 PS (294 kW; 395 hp) at 6,500 rpm and could push the car to 280 kilometres per hour (174 mph).[14] The chassis was very similar in construction to the contemporary 330 GT 2+2, and bodywork was again done by Pininfarina. When leaving the factory the 500 Superfast originally fitted Pirelli Cinturato CN72 205 VR15 tyres.

36 cars were made from 1964 to 1966, including 12 improved Series II models with a 5-speed transmission in place of the earlier 4-speed plus overdrive. The Series II cars can be recognized by having a triple louvre exhaust vent behind the front wheels, rather than the earlier 11-slot grilles. The production total excludes a one-off 330 GT 2+2 produced with a Superfast-style body for Prince Bernhard of The Netherlands. This one-off car sold at Bonhams' December 2003 Geneva auction for CHF 422,100 inc. premium.[15] Only coupés were made and no Superfast roadsters were available.

  • Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series I; s/n 5983SF)
    Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series I; s/n 5983SF)
  • 1967 Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series II; s/n 8459S)
    1967 Ferrari 500 Superfast (Series II; s/n 8459S)

365 California[edit]

Ferrari 365 California
Overview
Production1966–1967
14 made
DesignerTom Tjaarda at Pininfarina[16]
Body and chassis
Body style2+2 convertible
RelatedFerrari 500 Superfast
Powertrain
Engine4.4 L (4390 cc) Tipo 217B Colombo V12
Power output320 PS
Transmission5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,650 mm (104.3 in)
Length4,900 mm (192.9 in)
Width1,780 mm (70.1 in)
Height1,330 mm (52.4 in)
Kerb weight1,320 kg (2,910 lb) (dry)

The 365 California replaced the 500 Superfast for 1966. It was the first 365 model, with its 4,390 cc (268 cu in) V12 based on the 330's 4.0 L Colombo unit but with an 81 mm bore. The 365 California used the same chassis as the 500 Superfast but with an evolutionary cabriolet body by Pininfarina. Debuting at the Geneva Motor Show in 1966, just 14 examples were produced (including 2 in right hand drive) before production ended in 1967. Whilst the prototype was built on a 330 GT 2+2 type 571 chassis,[17] production cars featured type 598 chassis.

The chassis were sent to Pininfarina's Grugliasco plant to be bodied and trimmed, and were then returned to Ferrari for fitment of the mechanical components.

  • Ferrari 365 California (rear view)
    Ferrari 365 California (rear view)
  • Earlier examples have triple, round taillights
    Earlier examples have triple, round taillights
  • The dashboard
    The dashboard

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Ferrari 340 America". ferrari.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  2. ^ Thorson, Thor (September 2008). "1951 Ferrari 340 America Coupe". Sports Car Market. 20 (9): 44.
  3. ^ "Mille Miglia 1951 Race Results". racingsportscars.com. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  4. ^ "Ferrari 342 America". ferrari.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  5. ^ "RM Sotheby's - r210 1953 Ferrari 375 America Coupe by Carrozzeria Vignale". RM Sotheby's. 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2018-05-01.
  6. ^ "Ferrari 375 America". ferrari.com. Retrieved 2018-05-01.
  7. ^ "Ferrari 410 Superamerica". ferrari.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  8. ^ Ahlgrim, Steve (April 2012). "1957 Ferrari 410 Superamerica Coupe". Sports Car Market. 24 (4): 46–47.
  9. ^ "Ferrari 410 "Superfast I" PF Speciale". barchetta.cc. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  10. ^ "410 Superamerica s/n 0719SA". barchetta.cc. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  11. ^ "Ferrari 400 Superamerica". ferrari.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  12. ^ "400 Superamerica SWB Series I s/n 1517SA". barchetta.cc. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  13. ^ Bernabò, Ferruccio (12 March 1964). "Si apre oggi a Ginevra il Salone dell'Auto, primo grande confronto della produzione mondiale". La Stampa. p. 13. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  14. ^ a b "Ferrari 500 Superfast". ferrari.com. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  15. ^ "1964 Ferrari 500 Superfast Speciale 6267 SF". Bonhams. Geneva, Switzerland. 19 December 2003. Lot 274. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
  16. ^ "Cars by Tom Tjaarda". tom-tjaarda.net. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  17. ^ "Ferrari 365 California". ferrari.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Acerbi, Leonardo (2012). Ferrari: All The Cars. Haynes Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84425-581-8.
  • Buckley, Martin; Rees, Chris (1998). World Encyclopedia of Cars. London: Anness Publishing. ISBN 1-84038-083-7.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ferrari 340 America, Ferrari 342 America, Ferrari 375 America, Ferrari 410 Superamerica, Ferrari 400 Superamerica, Ferrari 500 Superfast and Ferrari 365 California.
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