FC Bayern Munich

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FC Bayern Munich
logo
Full nameFC Bayern München AG
Nickname(s)Der FCB (The FCB)
Die Bayern (The Bavarians)
Die Roten (The Reds)
FoundedFebruary 27, 1900
GroundAllianz Arena
Capacity69,901
ChairmanGermany Franz Beckenbauer
Head CoachGermany Jürgen Klinsmann
LeagueBundesliga
2007–08Bundesliga, 1st

FC Bayern Munich (German: FC Bayern München) is a German sports club based in Munich, Bavaria. It was founded in 1900 by eleven football players led by Franz John. It is best known for its football team, which is one of the most successful in the world with 2 Intercontinental Cups, 4 European Champions League titles, 1 UEFA Cup title, and 1 Cup Winners' Cup title. With 21 national championships, and 14 German Cups, Bayern Munich is also Germany's most successful football club. Revenues of €223.7 million make it the 7th richest football club in the world.[1]

Bayern is a membership based club and with more than 140,000 members, the third largest in the world after SL Benfica and FC Barcelona.[2] There are also more than 2000 officially-registered fan clubs with about 132,000 members.[3] Since the beginning of the 2005-06 season Munich plays its home games in the Allianz Arena, after playing for 33 years in the Olympic Stadium.

Bayern has other departments for chess, handball, basketball, gymnastics, bowling, table tennis, referees, and senior football.[4]

History

FC Bayern premises
FC Bayern Football pitch (training only)

FC Bayern Munich was founded by members of a Munich gymnastics club (MTV 1879). When a congregation of members of MTV 1879 decided on February 27th that the footballers of the club would not be allowed to join the DFB, eleven members of the football division left the congregation and on the same evening founded the FC Bayern Munich. Within in the first months FC Bayern Munich achieved high victories against all local rivals and reached the semifinals of the 1900/01 southgerman championship.

In the following years the club won some local trophies until in 1910/1911 FC Bayern Munich joined the newly found "Kreisliga", the first regional Bavarian league. They won this league in the first year, but could not win it again until the begin of World War I, which halted all football activities in Germany.

In the years after the war FC Bayern Munich could win some more regional honours until the club in 1926 won the first southgerman championship, an achievement repeated two years later. Their first national honour was gained in 1932, winning the German championship by defeating Eintracht Frankfurt 2-0 in the final. The advent of the Hitler regime put an abrupt end to Bayern's development. The president and the coach, both of whom were Jewish, left the country. Many others in the club also saw themselves purged. In the following years, Bayern, taunted as the "Jew's club", decayed into irrelevance.[5]

After the war Bayern became a member of the southern conference of the German first division, which was split five ways at that time, the Oberliga Süd. Bayern struggled, and in 1955 suffered the ignominy of relegation. The following season the club returned to the Oberliga and even won the German Cup for the first time, beating Fortuna Düsseldorf 1-0 in the final. The club progressed to become one of the better sides of the league, but struggled financially, verging on bankruptcy at the end of the 1950s. Manufacturer Roland Endler provided the necessary funds and was rewarded with four years at the helm of the club. In 1963 the Oberligas in Germany were consolidated to one national league, the Bundesliga. Bayern were denied membership, but gained promotion two years later, fielding a team with young talents like Franz Beckenbauer, Gerd Müller and Sepp Maier - who would later be collectively referred to as the axis.

In their first Bundesliga season Bayern finished third and also won the German Cup, qualifying for the European Cup Winners Cup, which they won in the following year in a dramatic final against Scottish club Rangers, when Franz "the Bull" Roth scored the decider in a 1-0 extra time victory. In 1967 Bayern retained the German Cup, but slow overall progress saw a new coach, Branko Zebec take over. He replaced Bayern's offensive style of play with a more disciplined approach, and in doing so achieved the first league and cup double in Bundesliga history, using only 13 players throughout the season.

1970 saw a new coach, Udo Lattek, taking charge. After winning the cup in his first season he led Bayern to their third German championship. The deciding match in the 1971-72 season against Schalke 04 was the first match in the brand new Olympic Stadium, and was also the first live televised match in Bundesliga history. Bayern swept Schalke away 5-1 and thus claimed the title, also setting several records, including points gained and goals scored. Bayern also won the next 2 championships, but the zenith was the triumph in the 1974 European Champions Cup final against Atlético Madrid, which Bayern won 4-0 after a replay. In the following season the team was unsuccessful domestically, but defended their European title by defeating Leeds United in the final when "Bull" Roth and Müller secured victory with their late goals. A year later in Glasgow, AS Saint-Étienne were defeated by another Franz Roth goal and Bayern became the third club to win the trophy in 3 consecutive years. The final trophy won by Bayern in this era was the Intercontinental Cup, in which Brazilian club Cruzeiro Belo Horizonte were defeated over two legs.

The 1980s were a period of off-field turmoil for Bayern, with many changes in personnel and financial problems. On the field, the Bundesliga title was won in 1980 and 1981, but for the German Cup win in 1982, two relatively unsuccessful seasons followed, after which former coach Udo Lattek returned. Bayern won the 1984 cup final, then went on to win 5 championships in 6 seasons, including a double in 1986. However, European success was elusive during the decade; Bayern only managed to claim the runners-up spot in the European Cup in 1982 and 1987. Bayern's form dipped after their 1990 championship win, the club finishing just five points above the relegation places in 1991/92. Success returned when Franz Beckenbauer took over for the 2nd half of the 1993-94 season, winning the Championship again after a 3 year gap. Beckenbauer was then appointed club president, but his successors as coach did not meet expectations. During this time Bayern's players frequently appeared in the gossip pages of the press rather than the sports pages, resulting in the nickname FC Hollywood. Franz Beckenbauer returned as coach, and led his team to victory in the 1996 UEFA Cup, beating Bordeaux in the final.

Opened in 2005: the Allianz Arena, one of the world's most modern football stadiums.

From 1998-2004 Bayern were coached by Ottmar Hitzfeld, who became the most successful Bayern coach of all time. In Hitzfeld's first season, Bayern won the Bundesliga and came agonisingly close to winning the Champions League, losing 2-1 to Manchester United conceding two goals in injury time after leading for most of the match. The 1999-2000 season resulted in Bayern winning their third league and cup double. A third consecutive Bundesliga title followed in 2001, won in a finish on the final day of the league season. Days later, Bayern won the Champions League for the fourth time after a 25 year gap, defeating Valencia CF on penalties. The 2001-02 season finished trophyless for Bayern in the Bundesliga, but they won the Intercontinental Cup for the second time. But a season later Bayern won their fourth double, winning the league title by a record margin. Hitzfeld's reign ended in ignominious fashion in 2004, with Bayern underperforming, including a cup defeat by 2nd division Alemannia Aachen.

Prior to the start of the 2005-06 season, Bayern moved from the Olympic Stadium to the new Allianz Arena, which the club shares with TSV 1860. In summer 2006 TSV 1860 Munich had to sell its shares of the Allianz Arena to Bayern Munich due to a financial crisis. Bayern Munich now is the single owner of the Arena as in November 2007 TSV 1860 Munich forfeited its option to repurchase its shares.

Former Bayern coach Ottmar Hitzfeld returned to Munich in January 2007 after Felix Magath was sacked. Bayern finished the 2006-07 season fourth with 65 points, thus failing to qualify for the Champions League for the first imt in more than a decade. Additional losses in the DFB Cup and the League Cup left the club with no honours for the season.

For the 2007-2008 season, Bayern Munich made drastic squad changes to help retool and rebuild. They signed a total of 8 new players (and also, sold/released or loaned out 9 players). Luca Toni from ACF Fiorentina, Miroslav Klose from Werder Bremen and record signing Franck Ribery from Olympique Marseille headlined the signings. The new additions paid off, as the Reds would go on to win 2008 German Cup and the Bundesliga, being on top of the standings on every single day of play.

On January 11, 2008 it was announced that Jürgen Klinsmann would succeed Ottmar Hitzfeld as Manager on July 1, 2008. He signed on with a two year contract.[6]

Stadium

Before 1925 Bayern had played at various premises, one of their earlier grounds sporting the town's first grandstand.

From 1925 they shared the Grünwalder Stadion with 1860 Munich. Until World War II the stadium was owned by 1860 Munich, and is still colloquially known as Sechzger ("Sixties") Stadium nowadays. It was destroyed during the war, and efforts for refurbishment ended up as a patchwork. Conclusions about its state can be drawn from the fact that the stadium did not host a single German international match after WWI, despite Munich being Germany's third largest city. Bayern's record crowds according to conflicting sources, were either 48,000 in 1948, or 52,000 in 1961 in matches against 1. FC Nuremberg. In the Bundesliga era the stadium had a maximum capacity of 44,000 which was reached on several occasions. As was the case at most of this period's stadia, the vast majority of the stadium was given over to terracing.

For the Olympic Games of 1972 the city of Munich built the Olympic Stadium. The stadium, still highly impressive with its architectural lightness, was inaugurated in the last Bundesliga match of the 1971-72 season, drawing a capacity crowd of 79,000, which was reached on numerous occasions. The stadium was, in its early days, considered to be one of the foremost stadia in the world and played host to numerous major finals, such as that of 1974 FIFA World Cup. In the years to follow the stadium underwent several modifications, such as an increase in seating space from approximately 50% to ca. 66%. Eventually the stadium had a capacity of 63,000 for national matches, and 59,000 for international occasions, e.g. European Cup competitions. Many people, however, began to feel that the stadium was too cold in winter, with half the audience exposed to the weather due to lack of cover. A further complaint was the distance between the spectators and the pitch, the stadium betraying its track and field heritage. Modification of the stadium proved impossible as it would have interfered with its heritage listed architecture.

In 2002 Bayern and TSV 1860 jointly undertook the construction of a new stadium, designed purely for football resulting in the modern Allianz Arena, located on the northern outskirts of Munich. It has been in use since the beginning of the 2005-06 season, while its initial capacity of 66,000 fully covered seats has since been increased for matches on national level to 69,900 by transforming 3,000 seats to terracing in a 2:1 ratio. The most interesting feature of the stadium is the translucent outer layer, which can be illuminated in different colours for impressive effects. The first player to score a goal in it was Owen Hargreaves against Borussia Mönchengladbach in their 3-0 win.

The club and its vicinity

Bayern is one of three professional football clubs in Munich. Bayern's main local rival is TSV 1860 Munich, who were the more successful club in the 1960s, winning a cup and a championship. 1860 have since moved between the first and second divisions. 1860 are often referred to by sections of the Bayern support as "gymnasts", insinuating a lack of footballing pedigree. The rivalry has, at least from a Bayern point of view, lost importance over the last decade, reflecting the lopsided state of the achievements of the two clubs and the absence of players for whom local grudges would still matter. 1860 is considered more working-class, and therefore suffers from a diminishing fan base in a city where the manufacturing sector is declining whilst tertiary industries are booming.

The SpVgg Unterhaching from the semi-rural southern outskirts of town is the third force. They celebrated their biggest success in 1999 when they managed to gain promotion to the Bundesliga and stay in the top flight for a second season. Since then they have been playing in the second Bundesliga and the third division, the Regionalliga. At present they are struggling in the Regionalliga. Their loyal fans constitute a "cult" following.

Bayern is considered the establishment club, which is reflected by their board being stacked with business leaders and the former Bavarian minister president. Their following is mainly recruited from the aspiring middle class and regional Bavaria. A large proportion of their supporters have to travel up to 200km (ca. 120 miles) regularly, to the club's home matches, thus matches on weekday evenings attract lower attendance. Since Bayern has been the most successful club during the last decades, the team is either liked or disliked in Germany.

These days Bayern considers itself a national club, which is reflected in polls determining them as both the most popular and most loathed club all over the country. Bayern's main rivals are always the clubs who put up the strongest fight against its national dominance. In the 1970s this was Borussia Mönchengladbach, in later years this category has expanded to include Hamburger SV and Werder Bremen. In the last decade or so, Borussia Dortmund and Bayer Leverkusen have emerged as the most ardent opponents. Recently Schalke 04, and again Bremen have been the main challengers in league play, and Alemannia Aachen in the German Cup tournament. Amongst Bayern's chief European rivals are Real Madrid and AC Milan and Manchester United due to many classic wins, draws and losses.

Organization and finance

Professional football at Bayern is run by the spin-off organization FC Bayern München AG. AG is short for Aktiengesellschaft, and Bayern is run like a joint stock company, a company whose stock are not listed on the public stock exchange, but is privately owned. 90% of FC Bayern München AG is owned by the club, the FC Bayern München e. V. (e. V. is short for Eingetragener Verein, which translates into "Registered Club") and 10% by sports goods marketers Adidas, which are also a major sponsor of the club. Adidas acquired its shares in 2002 for €77m.

Among the main advertising partners of the club are Deutsche Telekom (jersey rights), Audi, Siemens, Lufthansa airlines and Coca-Cola. In previous years the jersey rights were held by Adidas (1974-78), Magirus Deutz and Iveco (trucks / 1978-84), Commodore (computers / 1984-89) and Opel (1989-2002)

The President of the club is Franz Beckenbauer. He is also chairman of the supervisory board of the AG. The Chairman of the executive board of the AG is Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, also a former player of the club. However, most of the actual power is exercised by another former player, Uli Hoeness, who is officially deputy chairman of the executive board of the AG; his position is best described as general manager. He has been in office since 1979.

In 2007 the club reported record profits despite a poor year of on pitch performance, with an after tax profit of 18.9 million Euros.[7]

Training facility

FC Bayern Munich training facilities, for both the professional and the Junior Team, are located at the Bayern Munich Headquarters.[8] There are four grass pitches, one of which has undersoil heating, one artificial grass field and a multi-functional sports hall.

The players' quarters, which opened in 1990, offers a big dressing room, a massage room, a doctor's surgery room, a relaxation bath, a whirlpool, a state-of-the-art rehabilitation centre and a conference room with screening facilities for video analysis.

One visible component of this facility is the club's Youth House, which houses up to 13 rising young stars from outside the city, working on their development as footballers as part of Bayern's highly successful Junior Team. The value of this particular facility has been demonstrated by Bayern's capture of Germany's senior youth championship in 2001 and 2002, and the emergence of stars such as Paolo Guerrero and Owen Hargreaves, both former residents of the Youth House..

Honours

  • League Cup: 6 (record)
    • 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2004, 2007

Other trophies

Club culture

  • Bayern Munich is renowned for its well-organised ultra scene. The most prominent groups are the *Schickeria München, the Red Munichs '89, the Südkurve '73, the Munichmaniacs 1996, the Service Crew Munich, the Red Angels, the Tavernen Crew München and the Red Sharks.
  • Bayern's main local rivals are TSV 1860 Munich and further afield 1. FC Nuremberg. A former fan friendship with VfL Bochum has gradually fizzled out.
  • Stern des Südens is the song which fans sing at FCB home games. In the 1990s they also used to sing 'FC Bayern, Forever Number One'.

Players

see also: Bayern Munich II, Bayern Munich Junior Team

Current squad

As of June 26, 2008. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Germany GER Michael Rensing
2 DF France FRA Willy Sagnol
3 DF Brazil BRA Lúcio
5 DF Belgium BEL Daniel Van Buyten
6 DF Argentina ARG Martín Demichelis
7 MF France FRA Franck Ribéry
8 MF Turkey TUR Hamit Altıntop
9 FW Italy ITA Luca Toni
11 FW Germany GER Lukas Podolski
15 MF Brazil BRA Zé Roberto
16 MF Germany GER Andreas Ottl
17 MF Netherlands NED Mark van Bommel
18 FW Germany GER Miroslav Klose
No. Pos. Nation Player
20 MF Argentina ARG José Ernesto Sosa
21 DF Germany GER Philipp Lahm
22 GK Germany GER Hans-Jörg Butt
23 DF Germany GER Marcell Jansen
24 MF Germany GER Tim Borowski
27 FW Austria AUT Daniel Sikorski
30 DF Germany GER Christian Lell
31 MF Germany GER Bastian Schweinsteiger
33 DF Brazil BRA Breno
35 GK Germany GER Thomas Kraft
36 MF Germany GER Stephan Fürstner
39 MF Germany GER Toni Kroos

Players out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
-- DF Germany GER Andreas Görlitz (on loan at Karlsruher SC)
-- DF Germany GER Mats Hummels (on loan at Borussia Dortmund)

Template:Fs blank column

For recent transfers, see List of German football transfers Summer 2008.

Noted players

Three Bayern Munich players have been named European Player of the Year; Gerd Müller (1970), Franz Beckenbauer (1972 and 1976) and Karl-Heinz Rummenigge (1980 and 1981). Several Bayern players have been named German Footballer of the Year, giving a total of 16 titles, more than any other club. A Bayern player has been the season's top goalscorer in the Bundesliga on 12 occasions, with Gerd Müller winning the Golden Boot for the top goalscorer in any European league twice.

Hall of Fame

The "Greatest Ever" squad. The coach chosen was Ottmar Hitzfeld.

The FC Bayern Munich has its own Hall of Fame[9], including the following 14 players:


On June 1 2005, on the opening of the new Allianz Arena, Bayern Munich[10] announced the results of its online poll for the "Bayern's Greatest Ever" squad. 66,000 fans voted for players from a shortlist presented to them.

Other notable past players

World Cup winners

Highlighted Players played for Bayern Munich while winning the World Cup.

* Franz Beckenbauer won the World Cup 1974 as player and 1990 as coach. He was also player and later coach for Bayern Munich.
** Jupp Heynckes won the World Cup as player and later became coach of Bayern Munich.

Coaches

Current coach Jürgen Klinsmann
Coaches of the FC Bayern München since 1965
  Name from until days
Germany Jürgen Klinsmann 1. July 2008 Present
Germany Ottmar Hitzfeld 1. February 2007 30. June 2008 516
Germany Felix Magath 1. July 2004 31. January 2007 945
Germany Ottmar Hitzfeld 1. July 1998 30. June 2004 2192
Italy Giovanni Trapattoni 1. July 1996 30. June 1998 730
Germany Franz Beckenbauer 29. April 1996 30. June 1996 63
  No coach 28. April 1996 28. April 1996 1
Germany Otto Rehhagel 1. July 1995 27. April 1996 302
Italy Giovanni Trapattoni 1. July 1994 30. June 1995 365
Germany Franz Beckenbauer 7. January 1994 30. June 1994 175
  No coach 28. December 1993 6. January 1994 10
Germany Erich Ribbeck 12. March 1992 27. December 1993 656
Denmark Søren Lerby 9. October 1991 11. March 1992 155
Germany Jupp Heynckes 1. July 1987 8. October 1991 1561
Germany Udo Lattek 1. July 1983 30. June 1987 1461
Germany Reinhard Saftig 17. May 1983 30. June 1983 45
Hungary Pál Csernai 1. March 1979 16. May 1983 1538
Hungary Gyula Lóránt 2. December 1977 28. February 1979 454
Germany Dettmar Cramer 16. January 1975 1. December 1977 1051
  No coach 3. January 1975 15. January 1975 13
Germany Udo Lattek 14. March 1970 2. January 1975 1756
Croatia Branko Zebec 1. July 1968 13. March 1970 621
Croatia Zlatko Čajkovski 1. July 19651) 30. June 1968 1096
 

1) actually since 1963 (Regionalliga, then second division)

Notable pre-1965 former coaches

See also Category:Bayern Munich managers

Statistics

Team trivia

Presidents

Era President
07.10.1994 - * Franz Beckenbauer
09.10.1985 - 07.10.1994 Prof. Dr. Fritz Scherer
24.04.1979 - 09.10.1985 Willi O. Hoffmann
1962 - 19.03.1979 Wilhelm Neudecker
1958 - 1962 Roland Endler
1955 - 1958 Alfred Reitlinger
1953 - 1955 Adolf Fischer
Karli Wild
Hugo Theisinger
1951 - 1953 Julius Scheuring
1947 - 1951 Kurt Landauer
1945 - 1947 Siegfried Hermann
1945 Josef Bayer
1945 Franz Xaver Heilmansseder
1943 - 1945 Sauter
1938 - 1943 Kellner
1937 - 1938 Franz Nußhardt
1935 - 1937 Dr. Richard Amesmeier
1934 - 1935 Dr. Karl-Heinz Oettinger
1933 - 1934 Siegfried Hermann
1922 - 1933 Kurt Landauer
1921 - 1922 Fred Dunn
1919 - 1921 Kurt Landauer
1916 - 1919 Fritz Meier
1916 Hans Bermühler
1915 Fritz Meier
1915 Hans Tusch
1914 - 1915 Fred Dunn
1913 - 1914 Kurt Landauer
1907 - 1913 Dr. Angelo Knorr
1906 - 1907 Kurt Müller
1903 - 1906 Dr. Willem Hesselink
1900 - 1903 Franz John

Captains

Bayern's captains since the Bundesliga era

Era Captain
2002 - 2008 Oliver Kahn
1999 - 2002 Stefan Effenberg
1997 - 1999 Thomas Helmer
1994 - 1996 Lothar Matthäus
1991 - 1994 Raimond Aumann
1984 - 1991 Klaus Augenthaler
1983 - 1984 Karl-Heinz Rummenigge
1980 - 1983 Paul Breitner
1979 - 1980 Georg Schwarzenbeck
1979 - 1979 Gerd Müller
1977 - 1979 Sepp Maier
1970 - 1977 Franz Beckenbauer
1965 - 1970 Werner Olk

References

  1. ^ "United rise but Real Madrid stays Top". Deloitte UK. 2008-02-14. Retrieved 2008-07-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ "Unprecedented boom sweeps Bayern". FC Bayern Munich Official Website. 2007-08-22. Retrieved 2007-10-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ "Fanklubs" (in German). FC Bayern Munich Official Website. 2007. Retrieved 2008-07-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ "Other Sports". FC Bayern Munich Official Website. 2007. Retrieved 2008-07-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ Schulze-Marmeling, Dietrich (2003). Die Bayern. Die Geschichte des deutschen Rekordmeisters (in German). Die Werkstatt. p. 637. ISBN 389533426X.
  6. ^ "Jürgen Klinsmann to succeed Hitzfeld at Bayern". 2008-01-11. Retrieved 2008-01-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |pbulisher= ignored (help)
  7. ^ "Bayern unveil record balance sheet". fcbayern.de. 2007-11-13. Retrieved 2007-11-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ "Säbener Strasse 51 - Bayern's training facility and head offices". FC Bayern Munich Official Website. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
  9. ^ "Hall of Fame". The official FC Bayern Munich website. 2007. Retrieved 2008-07-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  10. ^ "Fans name greatest Reds of all time". fcbayern.de. 2005-06-01. Retrieved 2007-11-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  11. ^ "Eintracht Frankfurt - FC Bayern München 1:2 (1:0)" (in German). fussballdaten. 1999-09-18. Retrieved 2006-12-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

Preceded by UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Winner
1967
Succeeded by

Template:Fb start

Template:UEFA Cup 2007-08

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Template:Link FA