Berlin Ostbahnhof
| Berlin Ostbahnhof | |
|---|---|
 Reception hall on the south side of the train station, 2017
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Separation station |
| Design | Through station |
| Platform tracks | 5 (long-distance train) 4 (S-Bahn) |
| abbreviation | BHF (long-distance train) BOSB (S-Bahn) |
| IBNR | 8010255 (long-distance train) 8089185 (S-Bahn) |
| Price range | 1 |
| opening | October 23, 1842 |
| Website URL | sbahn.berlin |
| Profile on Bahnhof.de | Berlin_Ostbahnhof |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Berlin |
| Place / district | Friedrichshain |
| country | Berlin |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 30 '36 " N , 13 ° 26' 5" E |
| Railway lines | |
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| Railway stations in Berlin | |
Berlin Ostbahnhof is a long-distance and local train station in the Berlin district of Friedrichshain and, with around 100,000 travelers every day, together with Mannheim Central Station, is the 14th most frequented long-distance train station of Deutsche Bahn . It is also an S-Bahn station and, after the main train station and the Südkreuz train station, the third largest train station in Berlin.
The through station with nine platform tracks is one of the 21 stations in the highest price class 1 from DB Station & Service .
Today's Ostbahnhof was built as a Frankfurt train station and has changed its name more often than any other Berlin train station. In particular, the names Berlin Schlesischer Bahnhof (1881–1950) and Berlin Hauptbahnhof (1987–1998) are known. The frequent name change also led to confusion with today's Berlin Central Station or with the Old East Station . For this purpose, a plaque with the historical station names was attached to platform 1 at the southeast end of the station concourse under the station sign “Berlin Ostbahnhof”. Therefore the station was called from
- 1842–1881 Frankfurt train station
- 1881–1950 Silesian Railway Station
- 1950–1987 Ostbahnhof
- 1987–1998 Central Station
- since 1998 Ostbahnhof
It is possible, however, that different organizations used different names at the same time. In the course book of the Deutsche Reichs-Postverwaltung from 1880 for the route Berlin - Breslau Berlin, Ostbf. and registered for the route Berlin - Erkner Berlin (Ost-Bahnhof) . However, this entry could also indicate a provisional use of the old Ostbahnhof , which was due to the conversion of the Frankfurt train station into a through station (see next section) .
history
Construction and first years
As the western terminus of the railway to Frankfurt (Oder) , the Frankfurt train station was opened as a terminus in 1842 . With the construction of the Berlin light rail , it was converted into today's through station and renamed Schlesischer Bahnhof in 1881 . At this point in time the old Ostbahnhof (Küstriner terminus ) had been located about 400 meters northeast as the end point of the Royal Eastern Railway since 1867 . During the construction work, the passenger traffic of the Frankfurt Railway and the Lower Silesian-Märkische Railway connected to it was diverted to the Ostbahnhof and, in parallel, the Ostbahn was permanently connected to the new Silesian through station via a siding. After its opening, the old Ostbahnhof was closed. A typical station environment with night clubs , brothels and cheap hotels developed around the Silesian train station . In the vernacular of Berlin , the Schlesische Bahnhof was also known as the “Kathol'scher Bahnhoff” because numerous travelers from the eastern, Catholic areas of Prussia ( province of Posen and Upper Silesia ) arrived in Berlin here.
The gateway to the east
Mainly through the merger with the Ostbahn, the Schlesische Bahnhof became the starting point for all journeys from Berlin to Eastern and Southeastern Europe. In 1903, for example, the Nord-Express ( Saint Petersburg - Paris / Ostend ), the express train to Moscow and several connections via Königsberg and Eydtkuhnen to Saint Petersburg and Moscow stopped here . This was where the stream of Jewish emigrants from the Tsarist Empire arrived, who then traveled on to the emigration ports of Hamburg and Bremen .
In 1914 there were the following connections from the Silesian Railway Station:
- Berlin - Küstrin - Landsberg - Schneidemühl - Dirschau - Koenigsberg - Insterburg - Gumbinnen - Stallupönen - Eydtkuhnen - Saint Petersburg
- Berlin - Küstrin - Landsberg - Schneidemühl - Dirschau - Danzig
- Berlin - Küstrin - Landsberg - Schneidemühl - Bromberg - Thorn - Allenstein - Insterburg - Tilsit - Memel
- Berlin - Frankfurt (Oder) - Bentschen - Posen - Thorn
- Berlin - Frankfurt (Oder) - Wroclaw - Gliwice - Katowice with onward trains to Vienna , Budapest and Constantinople .
The fastest connections in 1914 took only four hours from the Schlesisches Bahnhof to Breslau, only six hours to Gdansk and only eight hours to Königsberg (in 1938/1939 the journey time was only around 7 hours and 20 minutes). These travel times have not been achieved until today. Before the First World War, passengers on the long-distance trains Berlin - Königsberg - Saint Petersburg had a connection from Saint Petersburg to Omsk and on to the Chinese Empire .
Furthermore, in 1914 there was the regional railway line from Berlin, Schlesischer Bahnhof via Werneuchen, Wriezen, Jädickendorf to Königsberg (Neumark) .
In August 1914, civil train connections were discontinued due to the First World War, and the trains went to the occupied area of Upper East . During the Spartacus uprising in 1919, the Silesian Railway Station was also contested. It was not until 1926 that the Nord-Express resumed traffic , initially to Warsaw and Riga . From 1927 it was even possible to purchase full ticket books as far as the Far East; the twelve-day trip from Berlin to Tokyo , for example, cost 650 marks (adjusted for inflation in today's currency: around 2,400 euros).
In the years 1926 to 1932, the two hall structures were completely renewed for the first time.
Before the Second World War , 165 arriving and 176 departing trains were handled every day. In 1939, numerous transports of the Wehrmacht began in the Schlesisches Bahnhof for the attack on Poland and two years later for the war against the Soviet Union . During the Battle of Berlin , the Red Army captured on 22/23. April 1945 the building. She immediately started the clean-up work and on April 25th, heavy railway artillery arrived to open fire on the city center. In order to supply their troops more quickly, a track on the route to Brest had been converted to Russian gauge when the Red Army advanced . On June 28, 1945, the first passenger train from Moscow reached the Silesian Railway Station, where tracks 1 to 3 had been changed. In order to increase the transport performance, the three broad gauge tracks were restored to standard gauge by September 20, 1945. From September 2, 1945, the Blue Express ran daily to Brest. Due to the Cold War , however, the through station became a terminus for many trains from Eastern Europe .
GDR time
In 1950 the Schlesisches Bahnhof was renamed Ostbahnhof in order to give up the connection to the former German eastern territories after the GDR recognized the Oder-Neisse border in 1950. Another example of such a political renaming is that of the Stettiner Bahnhof in Nordbahnhof . In the 1950s, state visits from the GDR were received at the Ostbahnhof ( Bierut , Gottwald , Rákosi , Khrushchev ).
Numerous express trains , especially in the direction of Dresden and Halle (Saale) / Leipzig , started at the Ostbahnhof. The station also served international traffic to Scandinavia and the Balkans ( Neptune and Baltic Sea Express to Copenhagen , Berlinaren and Saßnitz Express to Malmö, and express and express trains to Prague , Budapest , Bucharest , Sofia and Vienna ). The train name Vindobona was retained until 2014. From 1962 there were feeder trains from Zoo station , later through coaches . The east-west trains between the Soviet Union and France ( Moscow - Warsaw - Berlin - Cologne - Brussels - Paris ) also stopped here .
On May 31, 1987, the electric long-distance train service began from the east. Due to the insufficient free height of the hall aprons and the B1 signal box lying across the long-distance tracks on the west side, the catenary ended in front of the platform hall. Electric locomotives drove ironed into the platform hall, they were then pulled off the wagon train by a shunting locomotive and pushed back to the east side. In the same year the station was fundamentally redesigned. It received a new three-storey reception hall with 19 ticket offices, electronic information systems and around 1,000 luggage lockers. Platforms and hall roofs, pedestrian tunnels and stairs were modernized and escalators were installed. On December 15, 1987, the newly designed station was opened and renamed Berlin Central Station .
The reception hall of what was then the main train station, completed in 1987
Westkopf 1991
Western hall apron with signal box B1 at the beginning of the renovation work, 1991
S-Bahn track coming from Warschauer Straße , train of the 275 series in the parking group, Wriezener Bahnhof at the bottom left , 1991
View from the east with catenary ends and bracket-off signals, 1997
Fernzuggleise the east with catenary beginning, right the hall of Bw , 1991
present
On January 10, 1994, a big celebration took place at the Ostbahnhof on the occasion of the merger of the two German state railways to form Deutsche Bahn AG. A steam locomotive and an ICE powered end car drove solemnly towards each other and were coupled together.
When the timetable changed on May 24, 1998, the Ostbahnhof station was renamed. Another renovation followed in the same year. a. the long-distance platforms extended and the east head redesigned in connection with the renovation of the light rail viaduct . On June 29, 2000 the glass reception hall was inaugurated. With the reorganization of the Berlin railway junction on May 28, 2006, the number of daily regional train stops was reduced from 236 to 198 by relocating north-south traffic to the north-south long-distance railway tunnel ; the number of long-distance stops fell from 146 to 98.
The track hall has been thoroughly renovated since 2011. The roof, the skylights and the drainage system are being renewed, the sheet metal arches are given gray corrosion protection and a fire protection coating . The facade on Erich-Steinfurth-Strasse was newly glazed and fitted with blinds. From 2018, all panes of the station concourse are to be replaced so that the renovation can then be completed in 2021. In the meantime, Deutsche Bahn assumes that the work will continue until 2025, as the hall roof will have to be renovated more extensively. 70 million euros are budgeted for this. In extreme weather conditions there is currently u. U. the need to have to block the traffic station.
There is an InterCity hotel and two large office towers at the train station. The station has nine platform tracks, four of which are for the S-Bahn ; also two through tracks without a platform.
As one of 20 so-called main stations of the Berlin S-Bahn, the station is manned by local supervision. On the S-Bahn platform leading into the city, the train is dispatched by the driver using a driver's cab monitor (ZAT-FM).
Northern platform hall, the two S-Bahn platforms on the left, one of the three long-distance platforms on the right, 2004
Back of the entrance hall with shops, 2002
Surroundings
Since 1903 the so-called "Wriezener Bahnsteig" was located directly to the north of the Silesian train station, since 1924 Wriezener Bahnhof , for passenger trains in the direction of Wriezen . The station was closed to passenger traffic on December 31, 1949 and from then on only used for mail traffic. After the post office in Wriezener Bahnhof was closed, the halls and railway systems were removed and wholesale markets were built.
The former Ostgüterbahnhof, located southeast of the Ostbahnhof, and the railway depot of the Silesian Railway were demolished in 2003 to make way for the remaining development around the O 2 World Berlin, which opened in 2008 (today: Mercedes-Benz Arena ). To the southeast of the Ostbahnhof is the former Postbahnhof , the halls of which have been preserved and are now used for exhibitions, as a club and for concerts.
Transport links
Since the opening of the new Berlin Central Station and the north-south long-distance railway tunnel in 2006, significantly fewer ICE and IC trains have stopped at the Ostbahnhof. The station is a stop for several RE lines and a. from the directions Potsdam , Berlin-Spandau and Berlin-Schönefeld Airport . It is also served by the S-Bahn lines S3, S5, S7, S75 and S9.
Long-distance transport
| line | Line course | Tact |
|---|---|---|
| ICE 12 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Braunschweig - Göttingen - Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe - Frankfurt (Main) - Mannheim - Freiburg - Basel (- Bern - Interlaken Ost ) | Every two hours |
| ICE 13 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Braunschweig - Göttingen - Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe - Frankfurt (Main) South - Frankfurt (Main) Airport | Every two hours |
| IC 26 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Hanover - Göttingen - Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe - Gießen - Frankfurt (Main) (- Heidelberg - Karlsruhe ) | a pair of trains daily Mon – Fri |
| IC 32 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Wolfsburg - Hanover - Munster - Recklinghausen - Essen - Duisburg - Krefeld - Mönchengladbach - Aachen | a pair of trains daily Mon – Fri |
| IC 56 | Norddeich Mole - Emden - Oldenburg - Bremen - Hanover - Magdeburg - Potsdam - Berlin Ostbahnhof - Cottbus | a pair of trains daily |
| IC 77 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Stendal - Wolfsburg - Hanover - Osnabrück - Amsterdam | Every two hours |
| EC 95 | Berlin Ostbahnhof - Frankfurt (Oder) - Poznan - Warsaw | 4 trains a day |
| NJ |
Nightjet Berlin Ostbahnhof -(Braunschweig -Göttingen -)Frankfurt (Main) -Mannheim -Freiburg -Basel -Zurich |
a pair of trains daily |
| NJ |
Nightjet Berlin-Charlottenburg - Berlin Ostbahnhof - Frankfurt (Oder) -Wrocław -Ostrava -Vienna |
a pair of trains daily |
| EN |
Strizh Berlin Ostbahnhof - Frankfurt (Oder) -Poznan -Warsaw -Terespol -Brest -Minsk -Moscow |
individual trains on individual days |
Regional and S-Bahn traffic
Bus transport
The local transport connection is provided by the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe .
| line | Line course |
|---|---|
| 140 | Tempelhof - Ostbahnhof |
| 142 | ( Leopoldplatz -) Central Station - Ostbahnhof |
| 147 | ( Ostbahnhof -) Märkisches Museum - Hauptbahnhof |
| 240 | Ostbahnhof - Storkower Strasse |
| 300 | U Warschauer Straße - Ostbahnhof - S + U Alexanderplatz - S + U Potsdamer Platz - Tiergarten / Philharmonie |
literature
- Reconstruction of the station of the Lower Silesian-Märkische Railway in Berlin. In: Journal of Construction . 20th year (1870), col. 151–172, plates 26–34, sheets L – N. Digitized .
- Laurenz Demps : The Silesian Railway Station in Berlin. Berlin 1991.
- Joachim Seyppel: Schlesischer Bahnhof, memories . Herbig Verlagbuchhandlung, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7766-2053-6 .
- Karl Schlögel: The Russian Berlin - Eastern Railway Station of Europe. Chapter: Asia begins at the Silesian Railway Station . Pantheon, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-570-55022-9 , pp. 21-50.
- Wolfgang Kiebert: 1945–1950: Reconstruction of the Silesian Railway Station. In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter , Volume 42, No. 2 (March / April 2015), pp. 29–35.
Web links
- Tracks in service facilities (BOSB) , DB Netz AG (PDF; 1813 KiB)
- Site plan Berlin Ostbahnhof (PDF; 0.53 MiB)
- Berlin Ostbahnhof at stadtschnellbahn-berlin.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Station price list 2020. In: Deutsche Bahn. Deutsche Bahn, January 1, 2020, accessed on July 11, 2020 .
- ^ Historical station names - published on August 9, 2000.
- ^ Course book of the Deutsche Reichs-Postverwaltung… July 1, 1880, table 41 and 42. Pürgen 1992 (repr.), ISBN 3-921304-84-9 .
- ↑ Excerpt from the course book
- ↑ The Ostbahnhof is getting a new roof . In: point 3 . No. 2011/24 , December 22, 2011, p. 11 ( punkt3.de [accessed on April 23, 2012]).
- ↑ Dirk Winkler: Railway metropolis Berlin 1935 to 1955 . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1998, ISBN 3-88255-563-7 , pp. 42-45.
- ↑ Berlin Central Station has a new reception hall. In: New Germany . December 16, 1987, p. 8.
- ↑ Manfred Schell : The locomotive pulls the train . Rotbuch-Verlag, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-86789-059-5 , p. 137 f.
- ↑ News update shortly. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . Issue 4, 1998, ISSN 1421-2811 , p. 114.
- ↑ It has become quiet in Lichtenberg - despite through coaches to Asia / The Ostbahnhof is experiencing a rise / 3rd part of the station series: Bad times, good times. In: Berliner Zeitung . March 4, 2003, accessed January 1, 2013 .
- ^ Deutsche Bahn (Ed.): Bahnstadt Berlin: Expansion of the infrastructure from 1990 to 2015 . Berlin, 2006, p. 83.
- ↑ Deutsche Bahn invests millions in Berlin. In: Der Tagesspiegel . June 8, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2017 .
- ↑ News in brief - Railway . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 2 , 2020, p. 39 .
- ↑ Printed matter 17/15669. (PDF) Berlin House of Representatives, March 19, 2015, accessed on July 11, 2015 .
- ↑ News in brief - S-Bahn . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . April 2016, p. 73 .
- ↑ Bahnbetriebswerk Berlin Ostbahnhof at bahnstatistik.de , accessed December 29, 2013.