Erbes-Büdesheim

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '  N , 8 ° 2'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Alzey-Worms
Association municipality :	Alzey Land
Height :	250 m above sea level NHN
Area :	10.16 km 2
Residents:	1405 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	138 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	55234
Area code :	06731
License plate :	AZ
Community key :	07 3 31 021
Association administration address:	Weinrufstrasse 38 55232 Alzey
Website :	www.erbes-buedesheim.de
Local Mayor :	Karlheinz Tovar
Location of the local community of Erbes-Büdesheim in the Alzey-Worms district

Erbes-Büdesheim in January 2006

Erbes-Büdesheim is a municipality in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the Alzey-Land association.

geography

location

The place is in Rheinhessen . To the west of Alzey , at an altitude of 250 m, lies Erbes-Büdesheim, which is accompanied by geological features, botanical uniqueness and a number of surprising historical facts.

geology

From a geological point of view, the village is located on - as geologists say - Vorholz peninsula, which almost always protruded from the sea around 40 to 30 million years ago.

history

The site was settled as early as the Neolithic (4500–1800 BC), as well as in the Early Iron Age (700–450 BC) and the Late Iron Age (450–15 BC), as well as through numerous finds is occupied. In the summer of 2020, archaeologists discovered human remains, the foundation walls of a church and a Celtic fortress. There was also a settlement in Roman times , and in 1909 an entire Franconian burial ground was discovered. The place where Erbes-Büdesheim is located today has been settled for a long time - probably with interruptions.

The village was mentioned for the first time in early January 767 in the Lorsch Codex . The Egilolf named there was also wealthy in other places in Rheinhessen. In this case he exchanged his ownership of 10 yoke farmland and received a horse from the Lorsch monastery . But since there were three Büdesheim homes in what was then Wormsgau, it cannot always be precisely determined ...

Michaels Church was mentioned between 767 and 768. Adulf donated a basilica, which was built in honor of St. Michael ... and two vineyards and a forest in the Bornheim area near Alzey .

Around 37 monasteries and nobles owned land in the village in the course of the following centuries, i.e. they exercised the manorial rule . The history of local rule, d. H. the history of those who ruled the place is quite complicated. As a village, Erbes-Büdesheim originally belonged to the County of Leiningen around 1275 , from 1350 to the Front and Back Counties of Sponheim , whose main property was in the Hunsrück , and after their extinction in 1437 to their heirs: to the County of Veldenz , the Margraviate of Baden and the Electoral Palatinate . From 1559 to 1598 and from 1611 to 1673 it belonged to Pfalz-Simmern, a branch line of the Electoral Palatinate with the seat of government in Simmern , and from 1673 entirely to the Electoral Palatinate.

The special features of the place include the ancient stone crosses at the Offenheimer and Nacker Street, the former lake in the eastern part of the district , on the still place names indicate, the Eicher forest in the northwest and its very ancient parcels division, the mercury mine in the far north-west below the Eicherwald and the gallows in the east on the Heimersheim district boundary.

Since the late Middle Ages , the village itself was surrounded by a village wall to protect it from robbery attacks. A ditch filled with water and an earth wall covered with armor stood in front of it. The upper gate in the south and the lower gate in the north closed off the place.

Erbes-Büdesheim attracts special attention simply because it had two castles, the White Castle in the south and the Blue Castle in the northwest.

• The White Castle in the south, with its 32 owners to date, was built before 1354 and was then inhabited by the knight Dietz Birkenfelder, who came from Fürfeld , and then for a long time by the family of the Lords of Morsheim (= Morschheim ).
• The Blue Castle in the northwest between the end of Pankratiushofstraße and Grabengasse, of which only two tower torsos are left today, was built before 1488 and very likely destroyed in 1504 during the Palatinate-Bavarian War of Succession . The blue castle at the west end of Niedergasse belonged to the Blue Castle as a castle kennel, so to speak. In the area of ​​this Blue Castle there was a prison in 1590, which was previously referred to as a stick from 1533–1560 .

The Lower Kirchgasse was also dog alley named after Hundo , a prison official who in the west of the village detainees up by the dog alley through to the gallows accompanied to the east of the village liked. Around Erbes-Büdesheim there were three submerged villages, whose districts were later merged into the Erbes-Büdesheim district. Aulheim in the north, Eyche in the northwest and Riede (also called Rode) in the west. Aulheim owned a Nikolauskapelle and two mills that still exist today, Eyche a church, in which the Catholics of Nack were parish in the Middle Ages, who were looked after by the priest of Eycher, and the names of buildings, properties and even of Riede are still known two inhabitants.

The village of Nack itself is first mentioned in a document in 1304. It had two well-known farms, the Antoniterhof (also called Thöngeshof, Pfalzhof) and the Hunolsteiner Hof, which belonged to the Vogt of Hunolstein and formed a stoned marrow, so it was not subject to the naked authorities. In the southwest of the village was the mercury mine Karl Grube (also Karl happiness called) nor 355 where in 1774 pounds of mercury were recovered. Although Nack was until 1821 as part of heritage-Büdesheims and only in 1822 was politically independent and was mayor, the city had yet in the 18th century mayor .

Erbes-Büdesheim, like most of the Rhine-Hessian villages, has experienced numerous hardships and suffering, but also many things that are luminous and remarkable. During the Palatinate-Bavarian War of Succession in 1504/1505 it burned down in parts, and during the Thirty Years' War it was probably completely depopulated. After the great war, supported by the population policy of Elector Karl Ludwig von der Pfalz , many Reformed, but also Catholic foreigners from Switzerland , the Netherlands , Belgium and the Lower Rhine region moved here.

Due to its general location and special past, it was set apart from the neighboring villages and was declared the seat of a subdivision of the Oberamt Alzey . As far as the school system is concerned, there was a Protestant teacher in town as early as the 16th century, who was then assisted by a Catholic teacher from the 18th century. While only three teachers worked in the Protestant schools in the 19th century within 80 years, the Catholic school with 21 different teachers experienced quite a frequent change in the same period of time. From 1934 a Christian. Simultaneous school from the previously separate denominational schools. It was put into service in 1954 under head teacher Böhler.

From 1950

The municipality of Erbes-Büdesheim, like many municipalities in Rheinhessen, has changed significantly since the 1950s, both in terms of its structure and appearance. After the Second World War, until the 1960s, the place was still strongly characterized by agriculture, but today the residential character predominates. While there were around 50 independent farms in the 1950s, today there are only three full-time farms and a few part-time farms.

The flagship of agriculture was the state domain both before and after the two world wars. In 1950 around 60 people were still working in this model company , which was a model for many agricultural operations and the way of working was used by farmers in the area. Seed breeding, pig and cattle breeding, dairy farming and also a distillery showed the diversity of the “castle estate”, as it was popularly called.

Ten teams of horses and two teams of oxen did an essential part of the field work. The working hours for employees were set from Monday to Saturday from 7 a.m. to 11 a.m. and from 1 p.m. to 7 p.m. A special feature also for the time was the meeting of the workers at the Catholic Church (cat pump) and the joint walk to their place of work. In addition to their wages, the skilled agricultural workers each year received a deposit of 30 quintals of potatoes, five sacks of grain, two piglets, five quintals of straw, a 40 mark premium and an ark of clover.

The state domain was headed by Erwin Römer at the beginning of the 20th century and, after his death, by his wife Nelly and by Carl-Heinrich Roemer until the end of the Second World War . After that Adolf Hartmann and from 1965 Joachim Hechler were tenants . For almost 50 years - from 1904 to 1950 - Josef Huckle was administrator in the domain. The state of Rhineland-Palatinate sold the state domain in 1996 and with that the proud history of a model agricultural business came to an end.

Both the arable land and the 47 hectares of vineyards  were reallocated. During this time, the chairman of the community of participants, Ernst Hirschel, and the computer, Emma Huckle, had a lot of work to do. The decision to create 37 running kilometers of wind protection strips was farsighted , which today characterize the district, but also the microclimate in particular . Because of the special nature of this facility in Rheinhessen, the project was presented at the 1992 Green Week in Berlin. Another forward-looking decision in the course of the land consolidation was the construction of the bypass road in 1960 and 1961. Ten hectares of arable land were made available for this. In 1954 the new school building on Nacker Strasse was inaugurated. This resolved the unsatisfactory situation at the various locations. Heinrich Böhler, who has shaped the school landscape in Erbes-Büdesheim for more than 40 years, played a decisive role in this.

During the tenure of Mayor Christian Wilhelm Lawall, Erbes-Büdesheim was one of the last municipalities in Rheinhessen to receive a public water supply from 1963, and the municipality was also canalised relatively late in 1992 .

Josef Seitner had a decisive influence on economic life in the community. As a man of the first hour after the Second World War, he began producing pumice and hollow blocks and a building material wholesaler . Then he went to the then still new field of ready-mixed concrete. He also successfully demonstrated his versatility in plastics processing. He was able to offer jobs close to home to numerous Erbes-Büdesheimers.

Religions

The Michael Church of Erbes-Büdesheim was called Bartholomäus Church in 1431 . Due to the Reformation , which at the time affected large parts of today's Germany, the village was closed around 1559 Protestant , first Lutheran , then reformed from 1598 . The church, rectory and school thus belonged to the Protestant community. Only as a result of the Thirty Years' War and in the time of the new population settlement after this war from 1648 not only Protestants, but also Catholics again moved into the village. The Roman Catholic community was not re-established until 1686 by the pastor Christoph Lautenbach. As a result of the division of the Palatinate church in 1706, the existing church, including the rectory and school, became the property of the Catholic community. However, since it soon proved to be in disrepair, the construction of the new Catholic church had to be started, which was carried out from 1736 to 1745 by the well-known master builder Caspar Valerius . The Reformed parish held its services in the town hall from 1707 to 1734, while its church was built from 1734 to 1735 under the Ensheim pastor Johann Christoph Steymann. Since the Protestant pastor had not been able to live in Erbes-Büdesheim since 1697, he moved to Ensheim and looked after the Protestant community of Erbes-Büdesheim with Nack from Ensheim, so that between Erbes-Büdesheim and Ensheim there was a stable relationship - now almost forgotten originated, at least in the Protestant church area.

There was a small Mennonite congregation in Erbes-Büdesheim from 1701–1748 , which held its services in the White Castle, a sign of the ecumenical , tolerant attitude of the Reformed castle owner families of Rochow (until 1729) and de la Roche (1729–1788), a Huguenot family .

Erbes-Büdesheim also had a small Jewish community, probably as early as the 16th century. In the 18th century it had a small cemetery in the southern part of the Blue Castle and since 1840 a new cemetery in the northeast of the village. There was also a synagogue room in Niedergasse.

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Erbes-Büdesheim consists of 16 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice	CDU	FWG	total
2019	5	11	16 seats
2014	7th	9	16 seats
2009	10	6th	16 seats
2004	10	6th	16 seats

• FWG = Free Voting Group Erbes-Büdesheim e. V.

mayor

• ...
• Josef Seitner (CDU), 1979 to 1979
• Heinz-Hermann Schnabel (CDU), 1979 to 1984 and 1999 to 2014
• Ludwig Jakobs (CDU), 1984 to 1999
• Karl-Heinrich Sailler (FWG) 2014 to 2016
• Karlheinz Tovar (FWG) since 2016

In the local elections on May 26, 2019, Karlheinz Tovar was confirmed in his office with 71.18% of the vote.

Parish partnership

• Partnership with Maurepas , ( Somme department , France )

Culture and sights

Museums

• Rheinhessisches Postmuseum in the former post office on the ground floor of the town hall

Cultural and natural monuments

• List of cultural monuments in Erbes-Büdesheim
• List of natural monuments in Erbes-Büdesheim

Regular events

• Pilgrimage in honor of John Nepomuk , Sunday before or after the festival (May 16).
• Notch the penultimate weekend in August

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the local church

• Georg Wendel (born March 30, 1892 Erbes-Büdesheim), main teacher in Monzernheim , local history researcher
• Marie-Luise Neunecker (* 1955), musician, horn player
• Nikolaus Rüdinger (1832–1896), university professor , anatomist
• Heinz-Hermann Schnabel (* 1945), politician (CDU), mayor, Member of the Bundestag , Vice-President of the State Parliament of Rhineland-Palatinate since 2006

Personalities who have worked on site

• Vitus Wurmdobler (* 1945), restorer
• Damaris Wurmdobler (* 1949), artist

literature

• Karl Johann Brilmayer : Rheinhessen in the past and present, Gießen 1905, pp. 130-134
• Karl Müller: History of Erbes-Büdesheim (Alzeyer history sheets / special issues), Alzey 2001.
• Literature about Erbes-Büdesheim in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography

Web links

Commons : Erbes-Büdesheim  - Collection of images

• Erbes-Büdesheim
• Local history website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Celts instead of Romans - a sensational archaeological find in Erbes-Büdesheim in the Rhineland-Palatinate state show on SWR TV RP on June 22, 2020
3. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 3), certificate 1895, beginning of January 767 - Reg. 103. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 336 , accessed on February 25, 2016 . 
4. ^ Karl Johann Brilmayer: Rheinhessen, Gießen 1905, pp. 130-134
5. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 3), Certificate 1891, 767 or 768 - Reg. 338. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 335 , accessed on February 23, 2016 . 
6. ^ The Regional Returning Officer RLP: City council election 2019 Erbes-Büdesheim. Retrieved September 7, 2019 . 
7. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Municipal elections 2014, city and municipal council elections
8. ↑ The party should be a reflection of society. In: Allgemeine Zeitung. May 23, 2011, archived from the original on July 19, 2012 ; accessed on November 23, 2017 . 
9. ↑ The regional returning officer RLP: direct elections 2019. see Alzey-Land, Verbandsgemeinde, ninth line of results. Retrieved September 7, 2019 . 
10. ↑ Places of pilgrimage in alphabetical order ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the diocese of Mainz