Essert (Territoire de Belfort)
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Territoire de Belfort | |
| Arrondissement | Belfort | |
| Canton | Bavilliers | |
| Community association | Grand Belfort | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 38 ' N , 6 ° 49' E | |
| height | 349-511 m | |
| surface | 7.01 km 2 | |
| Residents | 3,306 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 472 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 90850 | |
| INSEE code | 90039 | |
 former Mairie Essert, now elementary school |
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Essert (German earlier shear ) is a commune in the department Territoire de Belfort in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Essert is 367 m above sea level, about three kilometers west of the city of Belfort (as the crow flies). The former street-line village extends in the hill country west of Belfort, in the broad valley of the Douce, between the hills of La Côte in the southwest and the Montagne du Salbert in the north.
The area of the 7.01 km² municipality covers a section of the gently undulating landscape in the western area of the Burgundian Gate (Trouée de Belfort). The central part of the area is crossed in a north-west-south-east direction by the wide basin of the Douce, which provides drainage via the Savoureuse to the Allan . The valley floor is an average of 360 m and, outside the settlement area, is mainly made up of arable and meadow land. The waterway of the Canal de la Haute-Saône , a branch of the Rhine-Rhône Canal, runs more or less parallel to the Douce, but at a distance of up to 700 m .
South of the Douce, the municipal area extends onto the wooded ridge of the Côte (450 m), on which there is a fort. The eastern border is on the outskirts of Belfort. On its north side, the valley is bordered by the forest heights of the Haut-du-Mont (479 m) and the Coudrai (452 m). In the far north, the communal soil extends into the Bois du Petit-Salbert , on which Essert's highest point is reached at 511 m. It forms a foothill of the Montagne du Salbert .
Neighboring communities of Essert are Évette-Salbert and Cravanche in the north, Belfort in the east, Bavilliers , Urcerey and Buc in the south and Châlonvillars in the west.
history
The municipality of Essert was already settled in Gallo-Roman and Merovingian times, which has been proven by various finds. Essert is first mentioned in 1303 under the name Shert . The place name is derived from exsartum , the past participle of the late Latin word exsarire (to clear, to make arable). The names Essars and Exers come from a later period .
Initially under the influence of the Lords of Montbéliard, Essert came under the sovereignty of the Habsburgs in the middle of the 14th century and belonged to the Belfort rule. Together with the Sundgau , the village came to the French crown with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. Essert has belonged to the Haut-Rhin department since 1793, but remained in France in 1871 as part of the Territoire de Belfort, unlike the rest of Alsace . From the mid-1870s, the fort on the Côte was built, which is part of the Belfort fortification ring. Since 1973, Essert has been part of the Belfort agglomeration, which in 1999 became the Communauté d'Agglomération Belfortaine , which in turn became part of the Communauté d'agglomération Grand Belfort in 2017 .
Attractions
The current construction of the Church of St. Leodegar ( Église Saint-Léger ) dates from the 18th century, but the church originally dates back to the early 14th century. The furnishings include the main altar (18th century), which comes from Belfort Cathedral.
The old town center is characterized by various houses in the traditional Franche-Comté style from the 18th and 19th centuries. The fort (late 19th century) is on the Côte.
population
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 |
| Residents | 1175 | 1529 | 1545 | 1561 | 2468 | 2742 | 3128 |
With 3306 inhabitants (January 1, 2017) Essert is one of the medium-sized municipalities in the Territoire de Belfort. After the population had increased only very slowly in the first half of the 20th century, strong population growth has been recorded since the early 1950s, with the greatest growth rates occurring between 1954 and 1962 and again at the end of the 1970s. Since 1950 the population has almost tripled. The settlement area of Essert has grown together seamlessly with those of Belfort and Bavilliers.
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Essert was a village dominated by agriculture (arable farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding). During the 20th century the village developed into a residential community on the outskirts of Belfort. There are no major commercial and industrial zones. Today, numerous small and medium-sized businesses are based in the municipality, including a company in the packaging industry. There are also many retail shops for daily needs. Many workers are also commuters who work in the other municipalities of the Belfort agglomeration.
The village is well developed in terms of traffic. It is on the main road N19, which leads from Belfort to Lure . The closest connection to the A36 motorway is around four kilometers away. Essert is connected to the city of Belfort by a bus line.
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Territoire de Belfort. Flohic Editions, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-037-X , pp. 242-243.
