Echinopsis
| Echinopsis | ||||||||||||
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Echinopsis spachiana |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Echinopsis | ||||||||||||
| Zucc. |
Echinopsis is a genus of plants fromthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus is derived from the Greek words "έχίνος" (echinos) for hedgehog and "όψις" (opsis) for "appearance". He refers to the spherical, thorny plant bodies.
description
The species of the genus Echinopsis grow tree-like to shrub-like or with large to dwarf, spherical plant bodies individually or in groups. The shoots are slender cylindrical to depressed spherical to spherical. On the edges of the few to numerous, mostly clear ribs, there are mostly round and woolly areoles . Few to numerous, sometimes very strong or bristle-like thorns arise from them .
The often large, radial symmetry, funnel-shaped to salver-shaped or bell-shaped flowers appear to the side or near the tip of the shoot. They open day and night. Their pericarpels and their corolla are mostly covered with numerous, narrow scales and densely hairy areoles, which rarely have additional bristles but never thorns. The numerous stamens are usually in two rows, of which the upper forms the throat wreath.
The spherical to egg-shaped to elongated fruits are fleshy to dry and often tear lengthways or irregularly. They contain spherical to egg-shaped, matt to glossy black seeds .
Systematics and distribution
The genus Echinopsis is found in central and southern Brazil , Paraguay , Uruguay , Peru , Bolivia , Argentina and Chile .
The first description was published in 1837 by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini . The type species of the genus is Echinocactus eyriesii .
Seed studies by Heimo Friedrich (1974) and Friedrich and Wolfgang Glätzle (1983) led to the previously independent genera Helianthocereus , Hymenorebutia , Pseudolobivia , Soehrensia and Trichocereus being added to the genus Echinopsis .
The genus Echinopsis includes the following species:
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Synonyms of the genus are Trichocereus Riccob. , Chamaecereus Britton & Rose , Lobivia Britton & Rose , Hymenorebulobivia Frič , Lobiviopsis Frič , Rebulobivia Frič , Soehrensia Backeb. , Hymenorebutia Frič ex Buining , Setiechinopsis (Backeb.) De Haas , Acantholobivia Backeb. , Pseudolobivia Backeb. , Reicheocactus Backeb. , Helianthocereus Backeb. , Echinolobivia Y.Itô , Leucostele Backeb. , Acantholobivoa Y.Itô , Acanthopetalus Y.Itô , Furiolobivia Y.Itô , Mesechinopsis Y.Itô , Neolobivia (Backeb.) Y.Itô , Salpingolobivia Y.Itô , Cinnabarinea Frič ex F.Ritter , Acanthanthus Y.Itô and Cylindrolobivia Y. Itô
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 215-284 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Treatises of the Mathematical-Physical Class of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Volume 2, Munich 1837, p. 675 ( online ).
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 215-284 .
- ↑ Echinopseen . Volume 6, number 2, 2009, p. 45.
further reading
- Sofía Albesiano, Teresa Terrazas: Cladistic analysis of Trichocereus (Cactaceae: Cactoideae: Trichocereeae) based on morphological data and chloroplast DNA sequences . In: Haseltonia . Number 17, 2012, pp. 3–23 ( PDF ).
- Sofía Albesiano, Roberto Kiesling: Identity and neotypification of Cereus macrogonus, the Type of the generic name Trichocereus (Cactaceae) . In: Haseltonia . Number 17, 2012, pp. 24-34 ( PDF ).
- ML Las Peñas, R. Kiesling, G. Bernardello. Karyotype, Heterochromatin, and Physical Mapping of 5S and 18-5.8-26S rDNA Genes in Setiechinopsis (Cactaceae), an Argentine Endemic Genus . In: Haseltonia . Volume 16, 2011, pp. 83-90, DOI: 10.2985 / 1070-0048-16.1.83 .
