Monasterio de Rodilla

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Municipality of Monasterio de Rodilla
Monasterio de Rodilla - Santa Marina district
Monasterio de Rodilla - Santa Marina district
coat of arms Map of Spain
Coat of arms of the Monasterio de Rodilla
Monasterio de Rodilla (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Castile LeonCastile and León Castile and León
Province : Burgos
Comarca : La Bureba
Coordinates 42 ° 27 ′  N , 3 ° 28 ′  W Coordinates: 42 ° 27 ′  N , 3 ° 28 ′  W
Height : 880  msnm
Area : 37.14 km²
Residents : 178 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Population density : 4.79 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 09292
Municipality number  ( INE ): 09224
administration
Website : Monasterio de Rodilla

Monasterio de Rodilla is a place and a northern Spanish rural municipality ( municipio ) with only 178 inhabitants (at January 1, 2019) in the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon .

Location and climate

The place Monasterio de Rodilla is located at an altitude of about 880  m on the corridor of La Bureba , which was already used in the Stone Age , a connection between the upper Ebro Valley and the landscapes of the Duero . The provincial capital Burgos is a good 24 km (driving distance) to the southwest; the next larger town, Briviesca , is approx. 19 km to the northeast. The climate in winter is harsh, but in summer it is temperate and warm; Rain (approx. 670 mm / year) falls mainly in the winter half-year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2017
Residents 895 715 486 219 173

The mechanization of agriculture and the closure of smaller farms in the 20th century led to a loss of jobs and thus to a migration of people to the larger cities ( rural exodus ).

economy

For centuries, the inhabitants of the community lived mainly as a self-sufficiency from agriculture (arable farming and small livestock) in the fertile region of La Bureba; only since the middle of the 20th century has it been produced for the national market. At the beginning of the third millennium, several wind parks (parques eólicos) were added as sources of income for the place.

history

The surroundings of the place were already known to the people of the Stone Age and Antiquity as a widely used connection route; Celts from the tribe of the Autrigones settled here and the Romans called their later settlement Tritium Autrigonum . In the 8th and early 9th centuries, the area was under Islamic influence, but the area was neither permanently settled nor defended due to the unusually harsh climate. At the end of the 9th century, the Castilian Count Diego Rodríguez Porcelos received from King Alfons III. of Asturias the order to repopulate ( repoblación ) the depopulated area.

Attractions

  • The parish church of Santa María Magdalena , built in the 16th century but later repeatedly expanded, impresses above all with its bell gable (espadaña) with decorative obelisks on the side . The single nave interior of the church houses a wooden Romanesque crucifix .
  • The town hall with its three-arched portico - designed in the manner of a triumphal arch - also dates from the 16th century.
Surroundings
  • The church of Santa Marina in the hamlet of the same name, about 1.5 km northwest, is an early Gothic building with clear echoes of the late Romanesque. The late Gothic apse with its star-shaped rib vault was added in the 16th century.
Ermita or Basilica Nuestra Señora del Valle
  • The former monastery church of Nuestra Señora del Valle , a single-nave building from the late 12th century, is located in a valley near the hamlet of Santa Marina . There is no trace of the monastery buildings that used to exist here. The church is in developed late Romanesque forms built that are most likely borrowed from the southwest of France and over the of Bayonne and Irun coming Way of St. James ( Camino Francés ) came to this area. The stones are precisely hewn and walled up; The corners and side walls are stabilized by slim buttresses . The most striking components are the apse , which is divided by three wide blind arcades on the outside and inside , the crossing tower accompanied by a round stair tower and the archivolt portal that protrudes slightly from the wall on the north side. The most important architectural decorations are the console friezes running below the eaves with their figurative, vegetable or geometrical consoles , but also in the area of ​​the slightly pointed portal adorned with diamond bars there are grimaces and figurative capitals . All of these figures have a decorative as well as disastrous ( apotropaic ) function in common.

  • Church from the southwest

  • Apse and crossing tower

  • Portal with console frieze

  • Grimacing at the portal

  • Woman head

  • Grimace

Castillo
  • The ruins of the castle (Castillo de Monasterio de Rodilla) are about 2 km northwest of the village. The surviving wall remains are attributed by some researchers to the end of the 9th century, when the Castilian Count Diego Rodríguez Porcelos of King Alfonso III. from Asturias received the order to repopulate (repoblación) the area. Others see the irregular but partially hewn stones as evidence of a later date. The (partial) reuse of stones from the nearby Roman city of Tritium Autrigonum is also likely . The castle, first mentioned in a document from 1011, formed - together with the neighboring castles Castillo de Pancorbo and Castillo de Úrbel - a line of defense against Islamic attacks from the south of the peninsula.
  • Only sparse remains have survived from the formerly Celtiberian Roman city of Tritium Autrigonum , located about 1 km to the north : an almost circular wall can be imagined, near which fragments of bricks and a few hewn stones are lying around. There is not much left of the Celtic necropolis either.

Web links

Commons : Monasterio de Rodilla  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Monasterio de Rodilla - Climate tables
  3. ^ Monasterio de Rodilla - population development
  4. ↑ Monasterio de Rodilla - History
  5. ↑ Monasterio de Rodilla - Church of Nuestra Señora del Valle