Coruña del Conde

Coruña del Conde municipality
Coruña del Conde - town view
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Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Castile and Leon
Province :	Burgos
Comarca :	Ribera del Duero
Coordinates	41 ° 46 ′  N , 3 ° 24 ′  W Coordinates: 41 ° 46 ′  N , 3 ° 24 ′  W
Height :	903  msnm
Area :	34.35 km²
Residents :	109 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Population density :	3.17 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	09410
Municipality number  ( INE ):	09112
administration
Website :	Coruña del Conde

Coruña del Conde is a municipality ( municipio ) with 109 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the Spanish province of Burgos in the autonomous region of Castile-León . The place belongs to the poorly populated Serranía Celtibérica ; it is a station on the Camino del Cid and has been declared a national cultural asset ( Bien de Interés Cultural ) in the category Conjunto histórico-artístico .

Location and climate

Coruña del Conde is located on the north bank of the Río Arandilla at an altitude of about 900  m . The next larger town, Peñaranda de Duero , is about 12 km (driving distance) in a south-westerly direction. The provincial capital of Burgos is a good 90 km north. The archaeological site of the Roman city of Clunia is located about 3 km to the northeast. The climate is temperate to warm; the rather sparse rain (approx. 495 mm / year) falls - with the exception of the summer months - over the year.

Population development

year	1857	1900	1950	2000	2017
Residents	564	540	493	173	120

As a result of the mechanization of agriculture and the abandonment of small farms and the resulting lower demand for labor, the number of inhabitants has declined sharply since the middle of the 20th century.

economy

The small town was and is largely characterized by agriculture ( wheat and barley , but also wine and honeydew melons ). Tourism has been an important source of income for the municipality since the middle of the 20th century.

history

Puente Romano

Ermita Santo Cristo de San Sabastián

Castillo and bodegas

Puerta de la Muralla

Iglesia San Martín

The area around Coruña del Conde was already inhabited by Celtiberian tribal groups of the Arevacians in pre-Roman times . In the immediate vicinity of the village is the old Roman city of Clunia , which was once of great importance in the context of the Romanization of the north of the Iberian Peninsula . There is a necropolis near Hinojar del Rey from the Visigothic period . The Islamic invasion triggered a depopulation of the area, which was only reversed ( repoblación ) after the successful reconquest ( reconquista ) in the 10th and 11th centuries . The place Coruña itself was built as a castle at the beginning of the 10th century, but it was rebuilt a few years later (920) by Abd ar-Rahman III. was taken. At the end of the 10th century Almansor started a campaign from here that led him to San Millán de la Cogolla , which he expanded as a base for further campaigns. On his way back from one of his raids, he was killed in the - possibly invented - battle of Calatañazor (1002). In the following years Christians settled again at the foot of the castle of Coruña and after the end of the Islamic advances and the conquest of Toledo (1085) the Duero formed the border between the Christian and the Islamic sphere of influence.

El Cid is said to have ridden by here in 1080 and 1081 and in 1128 the Order of Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem took the place under its control. In the 14th century, Alfonso XI. of Castile here a manorial rule ( señorio ), which was however collected again a short time later by Henry II . Finally, Henry IV of Castile raised the place and its surrounding area to a county ( condado ) and handed it over to the House of Mendoza - since then the place has been called Coruña del Conde.

Attractions

• The ruins of the Roman city of Clunia are about 3 km to the northeast; From there, many stones ( spoils ) were transported for the construction of the medieval castle, the city wall, the bridges as well as the church and the houses.
• Two three-arched stone bridges, known as Roman bridges (puentes romanos) , span the Río Arandilla. However, they were (re) built in medieval times.
• Maybe Visigoth origins has the rectangular apse of the chapel of Santo Cristo de San Sebastián . Some of the stones certainly come from the Roman city of Clunia, but the rising quarry stone masonry of the nave with its Romanesque south portal, above which a bell gable (espadaña) rises, and the console and block friezes below the eaves are clearly medieval. A figure below the gable of the east wall of the apse cannot be identified, raised her right hand in greeting (or as a blessing?) And resting her left hand on her hip - it too comes from the Middle Ages. The interior of the apse is barrel vaulted ; the nave (nave) , however, has an open wooden roof .
• The history of the largely ruined castle (castillo) goes back to the 10th century. The parts visible today are the keep (torre del homenaje) and the gate castle ; they date from the 15th century.
• Opposite one of the bridges is an inconspicuous city gate (puerta de la muralla) , which was partly built with stones from Clunia.
• In the main square (Plaza Mayor) there is a court column (roller blind) from the 15th or 16th century.
• The Church of San Martín was built in the 16th century. In its outer walls there are several relief stones from Clunia ( Spolia ). Inside there is a copy of the flying machine made of wood and feathers, with which the aviation pioneer Diego Marín Aguilera is said to have flown a distance of approx. 360 m in May 1793, starting from the castle ruins.

Personalities

• Agustín Gormaz Velasco (1508–1589), Augustinian monk , played an important role in the Christianization and colonization of Central and South America.
• Diego Marín Aguilera (1757–1799), engineer and aeronautical pioneer

Web links

Commons : Coruña del Conde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Coruña del Conde, sights - photos + information (Spanish)
• Coruña del Conde, historical buildings - photos + information (Spanish)
• Coruña del Conde, Ermita del Santo Cristo - photos + information
• Coruña del Conde, history and sights - information (wikiburgos, Spanish)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
2. ↑ Coruña del Conde - climate tables
3. ↑ Coruña del Conde - population development