Oelsnitz / Erzgeb.
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Coordinates: 50 ° 43 ' N , 12 ° 42' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Erzgebirgskreis | |
| Height : | 330 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 26.28 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,951 (Dec 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 417 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 09376 | |
| Primaries : | 037298, 037296 (Neuwürschnitz) | |
| License plate : | ERZ, ANA, ASZ, AU, MAB, MEK, STL, SZB, ZP | |
| Community key : | 14 5 21 450 | |
| City structure: | Core city; 5 districts | |
City administration address : |
Rathausplatz 1 09376 Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Bernd Birkigt (independent) | |
| Location of the city of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. in the Erzgebirgskreis | ||
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Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. [ ˈŒlsnɪts ] is a city in the Erzgebirge in Saxony .
The addition "in the Ore Mountains" was first used by the post in 1883 to avoid confusion with the city of Oelsnitz in the Vogtland , although Oelsnitz is not exactly in the Ore Mountains, but in the Ore Mountains Basin.
geography
The city is located in the Ore Mountains Basin approx. 14 km east of Zwickau and 20 km southwest of Chemnitz . The place is on the Hegebach , a tributary of the Lungwitzbach and the Würschnitz , a tributary of the Chemnitz river .
Neighboring communities
Neighboring cities and communities are the cities of Lugau and Stollberg / Erzgeb. , the communities of Hohndorf and Niederwürschnitz in the Erzgebirgskreis as well as the cities of Lichtenstein and Hartenstein and the communities of Gersdorf and Mülsen in the district of Zwickau .
City structure
- Neuoelsnitz (see also: Neuoelsnitz train station )
- Neuwürschnitz
- has 3000 inhabitants, an area of 6.57 km² and consists of the districts of Oberwürschnitz , Neuwiese and Neuwittendorf. The village was incorporated into Oelsnitz on January 1, 1999.
- Niederoelsnitz
- Oberoelsnitz
- Oelsnitz
- Forest rest
The division into Ober- and Niederoelsnitz only exists today in the local language. Neuoelsnitz, Neuwürschnitz and Waldesruh are spatially separated from the actual city center.
history
At the end of the 12th century, the Knights von der Oelsnitz founded the village of Oelsnitz, in 1219 Rembertus de Olsnitz is mentioned by name. In 1297 an Apecz de Olsnitz was mentioned as a witness in a Regest of the Schönburgers exhibited at Lichtenstein Castle . According to tradition from 1368, the knight dynasty has a red diagonal bar on the right in a golden, damascus shield, covered with three silver balls. The helmet has a golden flight, which is marked with the bar of the shield. A chronicler known as the Pirnaische Mönch describes the Ritter von der Oelsnitz as "a merciless gang from the village near the long Lunckwicz". Parts of the popularly rightly so-called manor still exist.
The name Oelsnitz, originally a field or river name, is around 1000 years old. The name is derived - as with Oelsa - from the Old Sorbian olešnica , "settlement or brook at the alder forest" ( olša = "alder", cf. Obersorb . Wólša ). It probably originated as an orientation name for Sorbs who committed the then still uninhabited Ore Mountains .
Oelsnitz is first mentioned as a village in a document from 1386, and as a church location as early as 1286. In 1399, Veit von Schönburg bought goods in Oelsnitz, Mülsen and Dennheritz.
From the division of Leipzig in 1485 until 1547, the place was under two different sovereigns. The Grünhainische and the Wildenfelsische part belonged to the Electorate of Saxony of the Ernestines , the Saxon courtly part with the manor and the village of Lugau, however, belonged to the Albertines and their Duchy of Saxony.
The development of Oelsnitz was influenced by the Peasants' War and the Reformation at the beginning of the 16th century, by the Thirty Years War 1618–1648 and not least by the two world wars.
The most important course in Oelsnitz history began with the discovery of coal in the Lugau-Oelsnitz district , which was made by the Zwickau mountain factor Karl Gottlob Wolf in the area of today's district of Neuoelsnitz. After Wolff's success, chroniclers spoke of a real founder fever, in 1844 six new mines with countless shafts were already being operated. In 1858 Oelsnitz was connected to the railway network by the " Chemnitz-Würschnitzer coal line ". From this, the Neuoelsnitz – Wüstenbrand railway branched off until 1990 . Between 1913 and 1960 the city was the terminus of the Hohenstein-Ernstthal - Gersdorf - Oelsnitz regional tram .
The development of mining did not only bring benefits. At the end of the 19th century sensational reports went through the world press: "The sinking Oelsnitz". The mountain damage caused by mining led to subsidence of more than 17 meters in some cases. Numerous buildings in the center therefore had to be demolished. Last but not least, this development also led to a restructuring of the inner city.
In 1913 King Friedrich August III visited the shafts of the coalfield.
In 1924 the municipality of Oelsnitz was raised to the status of a city by the Saxon State Chancellery .
At the beginning of the National Socialist era in spring 1933, members of SA Standard 183 brutally abused political opponents in the market square and in the detention cells under the Sparkasse . A total of 74 prisoners are proven. 42 of these were recorded by name.
The extraction of hard coal was stopped in 1971 and by 1975 all pits were filled. In 1986 the mining museum was opened in part of the “Karl Liebknecht” mine in Neuoelsnitz .
In 2010, Oelsnitz hosted the Saxony Day with 380,000 visitors. For this purpose, the market square was completely renovated in advance and larger and smaller event areas and open spaces were created in the urban area.
On February 2, 2011, the city of Oelsnitz prevailed in its second attempt after 1997 for the State Garden Show 2002 with its application against six competitors and was awarded the contract to host the 7th Saxon State Garden Show 2015 .
The garden festival took place from April 25 to October 11, 2015 - a total of more than 415,000 visitors were counted. The 15 hectare site, a former railway wasteland, will be preserved as a multi-use leisure park. With generously laid out plantations, sunbathing lawns, railway and water playground, skate park , nature trail , Kneipp facility and graduation tower , it is intended to serve as a leisure and recreation area in the future. The community and family park project received recognition from the Saxon State Prize for Building Culture in November 2015. In May 2019 the city received the Karl Foerster award for the excellent production and further development of the green spaces. In the entrance to the park, on the station forecourt, there is the “Black Gold” fountain , which reminds of the coal mining in the area and refers to the future use of brine.
Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) train station, rail express of the State Horticultural Show 2015
Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) station, renatured station area for the 2015 State Horticultural Show
Station building, renovated in 2014, currently a youth club and clubhouse
"Black Gold" fountain
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Coat of arms and logo
The city has a city coat of arms and an official seal as well as a logo. The city's coat of arms is divided vertically, on the left a miner in traditional costume with "Gezäh" (tool), on the right three alder trees that "speak" for the Slavic origin of the place name. The white and green Saxon state colors and the red and white city colors are included. The coat of arms can also be found in the official seal. In 2016, the city council decided to use the word / figurative mark “Instead of somewhere in the city of Oelsnitz Erzgebirge”. The logo contains the elements: tower of the mining museum (outline), graduation tower (silhouette), recultivated heap (green color), brine (blue color) and coal (black color). It stands for a lively, green, dynamic city of Oelsnitz with an exciting history and numerous ideas for the future.
Residents
Development of the population (from 1960 December 31) :
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- Data source from 1998: State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony
1 October 29
2 August 31
3 Territory January 1, 1999
4 September 30
politics
City council
The city council consists of 20 members and has been composed as follows since the local elections on May 26, 2019 :
| Political party | FWO | CDU | AfD | LEFT | SPD | total |
| Seats | 6th | 6th | 4th | 2 | 2 | 20th |
| Share of votes | 30.1% | 26.9% | 20.7% | 12.5% | 9.9% | 100% |
FWO: "Free Voters' Association A Heart for Oelsnitz / Erzgeb." E. V.
mayor
The mayoral election took place on June 7, 2015. In the first ballot, the then managing director of the 7th Saxon State Horticultural Show, Bernd Birkigt, prevailed against his competitor with 66.6 percent of the valid votes. Birkigt took up his post on August 1, 2015, becoming the successor to Hans-Ludwig Richter, who previously held the post for 25 years.
Town twinning
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Avion ( France , since 1961) -
Mimoň ( Czech Republic , since 1968) -
Sprockhövel ( Germany , since 2000) -
Chodov ( Czech Republic , since 2004)
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. is located in the Chemnitz-Zwickau conurbation , one of the three industrial conurbations in Saxony. The core sectors of the region, which include the automotive and supplier industry, metal processing and microsystem technology, are also represented by important companies in Oelsnitz. The most important representatives of the mobility and machine technology areas include Feintool System Parts Oelsnitz GmbH as a technology leader in the fineblanking and forming sectors and FSG Automotive GmbH as part of the international Sodecia Group with modular production of gear assemblies for the automotive industry. Micas AG and several companies affiliated with it are suppliers of innovative and individual sensor and electronic products. The managing director of micas AG was Saxony's Entrepreneur of the Year (2014) and has received numerous awards up to the federal level for her company's family-friendliness. ETO Elektrotechnik Oelsnitz GmbH is a nationwide full-service provider of power distribution systems, traffic technology and switching, control and measurement technology. With Neuwürschnitzer Fleisch- und Wurstwaren AG, a regionally important company in the food industry also has its headquarters and production site in Oelsnitz. The city has several industrial areas (Hoffeld, Turleyring, Ascotapark, Unterer Deutschlandschacht) in which the majority of industrial companies are located. The Oelsnitz Industry and Crafts Night is a unique opportunity to get to know companies and their workplaces.
traffic
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Road traffic
Oelsnitz is 4 km north of the A 72 between Chemnitz and Zwickau and 12 km south of the A 4 . The motorways can be reached via the connection points Stollberg-Nord, Stollberg-West, Hartenstein and Hohenstein - Ernstthal (A4).
Local public transport
The city of Oelsnitz is well connected to the main center of Chemnitz and the middle center of Stollberg by local public transport. The Stollberg – St. Egidien (course book route 523) is operated by City-Bahn Chemnitz GmbH . Almost all trains run from St. Egidien to Glauchau .
The Stollberg – Oelsnitz section is to be partially rebuilt and electrified for the Chemnitzer Modell tram-train project so that continuous journeys into the city center of Chemnitz will be possible. Completion is scheduled for 2022 at the earliest. The stops in the direction of Stollberg are named Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) , Oelsnitz-Bahnhofstraße , Mitteloelsnitz and Neuoelsnitz . Oelsnitz is connected to the Erzgebirge region by several bus routes operated by Regionalverkehr Erzgebirge .
Between 1913 and 1960, the wrong tram Hohenstein-Ernstthal-Oelsnitz from station Hohenstein-Ernstthal on Gersdorf to Oelsnitz.
Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) train station before renovation (2012)
Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) train station, after renovation (2016)
CB in Oelsnitz (Erzgeb) station
Oelsnitz-Bahnhofstraße stop (2016)
Mitteloelsnitz stop (2016)
Neuoelsnitz stop (2016)
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Bicycle traffic
Bicycle traffic as everyday bicycle traffic is of secondary importance in the city. However, there are the first successful attempts to expand tourist cycling through the city. So z. The Würschnitztal cycle path is currently being expanded and expanded, and in future it will connect the cities of Karlsbad in the Czech Republic and Chemnitz as part of the international cycle path " Karlsroute ". Together with the city of Lugau, it is currently planned to extend the coal railway cycle path on the former Neuoelsnitz – Wüstenbrand railway line .
Air traffic
11 km east of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. is the Chemnitz-Jahnsdorf airfield . The nearest international airports are Dresden Airport (100 kilometers) and Leipzig / Halle Airport (130 kilometers).
Regional cooperation
The city is actively involved in several regional contexts: In the FLOEZ-Sachsen (Future for Lugau-Oelsnitz-Zwickau) action area, we are working with 8 other municipalities on joint future prospects for areas affected by the former hard coal mining.
In the Erzgebirge action area (Regional Management Erzgebirge), cooperation with 10 other cities in the Ore Mountains region is based on a joint regional development concept, on the basis of which, in particular, regional marketing and labor market projects are implemented. The city is also a member of the Erzgebirge tourism association. V. as destination management for the tourism development of the region. In connection with the application for the UNESCO World Heritage Montanregion Erzgebirge is Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. Member of the World Heritage Association Montanregion Erzgebirge e. V. as the carrier of the nomination. It consists of three districts and 33 towns and cities in the region.
Social infrastructure
Education and care
The city is a regionally important school location and has two primary schools, a high school, the vocational school center for technology, business and health with an attached grammar school and a special school center. A total of over 2500 students attend the Oelsnitz schools. There are 8 day-care centers on site, including two company kindergartens and a day mother, and there are day-care facilities at every elementary school and in a company day-care center. In the city there are 4 facilities for senior living and senior care.
safety
Fire protection and general help in the city of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. is by the volunteer fire brigades Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. and Neuwürschnitz ensured. A total of 9 fire engines including a turntable ladder vehicle and a hazardous goods vehicle are available to the volunteers to cope with the operations. The fire services go out about 80 times a year to fight fires or provide technical assistance. Police tasks are carried out by the Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. perceived.
Culture and sights
The material witnesses of the hard coal mining in the former Lugau-Oelsnitz hard coal mining area originally belonged to the selected sites in the UNESCO World Heritage application of the Ore Mountains mining region . They have been listed as associated sites since June 2017. This includes the Oelsnitz / Erzgeb mining museum. (formerly Karl-Liebknecht-Schacht) , the Krug-Villa, the mine rescue settlement Willibald-Emmrich-Straße, the Deutschlandschachhalde, the building ensemble of the vocational school center Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. and the town hall (former Hans Marchwitza cultural center).
Mining museum
The disused Karl-Liebknecht-Schacht , the former Kaiserin-Augusta-Schacht, is located in Neuoelsnitz . Hard coal was mined here from the first half of the 19th century until March 31, 1971. The above-ground buildings and facilities were then converted into the Saxon Mining Museum . The exhibition rooms are designed as a demonstration mine and can be reached by a short elevator ride. They clearly convey to the visitors the work of the coal miners and the mining technology used here. The centerpiece of the museum is a lying twin steam hoisting machine from 1923, whose 1800 HP can be seen in operation. - The preserved above-ground factory buildings contain a permanent exhibition on the coal mining in the Lugau-Oelsnitzer Revier, on the technological, economic and social history of the region. Since October 2010 you can find out in an interesting, clear way how hard coal was created in the rotunda. The highlight is a coal forest recreated from fossil finds from the coal mines, which realistically depicts the flora in the age of carbon 300 million years ago. Finally, there is an impressive panoramic view from the winding tower.
Sports Museum
The "Saxon Sports and Games Exhibition" gives an insight into the development of sport in the region and shows unique exhibits that document the development of sport from 1885 onwards. It was opened in 2014 in the “Haus der Zeit” on Rathausplatz. Current and former top athletes, competition judges and contemporary witnesses are regular guests in the house.
Gallery - Heinrich Hartmann House
In the "Heinrich-Hartmann-Haus" gallery building, there are constantly changing exhibitions of various genres for lovers of contemporary art .
Architectural monuments and object-related art in public spaces
In the past few years, many architectural monuments in the urban area have been renovated and prepared for their future use. An outstanding example of historical building culture in Oelsnitz is the former Schocken department store at Meinertstraße 18 , which was opened in 1904 by the Schocken brothers and built in the pure Bauhaus style between 1928 and 1930 by Bernhard Sturtzkopf , Walter Gropius ' assistant . Many other lavishly restored buildings in the city also bear witness to their respective contemporary history. Examples are the manor house of the Oelsnitz manor, the Mittelgasse with its half-timbered and half-timbered houses, the impressive residential and commercial building "Grüßer" from the Wilhelminian era , villas and the town hall ensemble in the style of historicism , the Art Nouveau building on the Dr.-Otto-Nuschke- Street, the residential buildings built in the Art Deco style on Schleifenweg and Schulstraße, as well as the Luther Church built by Paul Kranz and painted by Dore Mönkemeyer-Corty in the Art Deco style in the Neuwiese location. Some miners' settlements , which were built in the 1920s in connection with the expansion of the mining facilities, are in parts very well preserved. These include the Höhlholzsiedlung and the Waldesruhsiedlung .
A contemporary artistic examination of the historical, economic and artistic history of the city takes place in the basement of the small signal box on the former garden show site. Here the Chemnitz-based artist Frank Maibier deals with the installation “Poetry of Energy” in the form of a floor mosaic made from a ton of coal combined with the text “Unreal May Day” by the Oelsnitz-born writer Reiner Kunze , creating a place of memory and poetry.
Memorials
A memorial in the park by the town hall commemorated the former victims of the Hitler regime in GDR times. After 1990 the inscription was rededicated to the "Victims of Any Tyranny" from 1933 to 1989. The monument was renovated in 2018 and moved from the northern to the southern Stadthallenpark. The re-inauguration took place on November 29th of the same year.
Regular events
Culture and leisure
Cultural events take place regularly in the Oelsnitz town hall (formerly the “ Hans Marchwitza ” cultural center ). In addition to many hits, classical and brass music concerts, this also includes the Oelsnitzer KabareTTTage. Many events are organized by local artists and associations, including the Oelsnitzer Carnevals Verein , which organizes its annual corresponding events every year during the carnival season. In summer, the Oelsnitz cultural summer with concerts takes place on the town hall square on Wednesdays in June.
Further event highlights are the Glück auf-hike (1st Sunday in April), farmers market and equestrian festival (2nd weekend in September) and the Christmas market with mountain parade (1st weekend in Advent). The working group of mining and tour guides offers year-round guided hikes on the well-developed hiking trails in the region. The “Oelsnitz Adventure Tour”, the “Oelsnitz Mining Tour” and the “Steinkohlenweg” mining trail are also suitable for self-discovery and are appropriately developed and signposted.
Reiner Kunze Prize
In honor of the city's son, the writer Reiner Kunze , the city administration, together with the Erzgebirgssparkasse, awards the Reiner Kunze Prize every two years. The award is endowed with 4,000 euros and was presented for the first time in 2007. The winners are:
- 2007 Utz Rachowski , German writer
- 2009 Thomas Eichhorn, German translator
- 2011 Inés Koebel , German translator and author
- 2013 Mireille Gansel, French writer and translator
- 2015 Uwe Kolbe , German poet and translator
- 2017 Petro Rychlo , Ukrainian Germanist, essayist and translator
- 2019 Stevan Tontić , Bosnian writer and translator
Personalities
literature
- Richard Steche : Oelsnitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 7th issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Chemnitz . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1886, p. 53.
- Emil Junghanß: Chronicle of Ölsnitz in the Erzgebirge , self-published, Ölsnitz i. E. 1901
- Emil Junghanß: War Chronicle of Oelsnitz i. Erzgeb. , Self-published, Oelsnitz i. E. 1919
Web links
- Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. in the digital historical directory of Saxony
- Neuoelsnitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- The great and perfect Weigelian coat of arms book, first part 1769, p. 190
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
- ^ Walter Wenzel : Oberlausitzer Ortnamesbuch. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2008, p. 126
- ↑ Chronicle of the Dennheritz community , accessed on April 15, 2018.
- ↑ Early concentration camp in the prison cells of the Sparkasse in Oelsnitz / Erzgebirge on gedenkplaetze.info
- ↑ Landesgartenschau 2002: Jähnichen names eleven applicants ( memento from September 3, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture , press release from October 2, 1997.
- ↑ Oelsnitz organizes the State Garden Show 2015 ( Memento from August 2, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), in: Freie Presse , December 1, 2011.
- ↑ a b municipal council election 2019 - results page municipal council election. In: statistik.sachsen.de. Retrieved June 1, 2019 .
- ↑ Mayoral elections 2015. Accessed January 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Feintool takes over Gabler Feinschneidtechnik. In: finanzen.ch. June 22, 2015, accessed March 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Mario Adolphsen: Auto supplier FSG automatically moves out of the crisis. In: sz-online.de. December 23, 2008, accessed March 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Ramona Nagel: Sensitive, not just for sensors. In: sächsische.de. April 12, 2014, accessed November 23, 2018 .
- ↑ 25 years of reunification: there is a standstill in the east. In: wiwo.de. Retrieved March 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Certificate for the company day care center and after-school care center ( Memento from June 13, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Child and career - is that possible? , in: Freie Presse , February 22, 2016.
- ↑ Free press: Oelsnitz company paves space for investment of millions (accessed on June 11, 2016)
- ↑ Saxony Economic Development Corporation Research Tool Commercial Areas (accessed June 14, 2016)
- ↑ Free press: Praise for an interesting tour with a view of the future (accessed on February 7, 2017)
- ^ Future for Lugau-Oelsnitz-Zwickau. In: floez-sachsen.de. Retrieved March 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Freie Presse (published on February 26, 2013)
- ↑ Free Press (published on December 29, 2012)
- ↑ Free Press (published March 31, 2012)
- ^ Sächsische Zeitung (published on May 21, 2015)
- ↑ Planning Association for the Chemnitz Region (accessed on June 14, 2016)
- ↑ Statistics Saxony, municipal statistics Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. (accessed on June 13, 2016)
- ^ City of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. Day care centers (accessed June 10, 2016)
- ↑ Mining Museum Oelsnitz / Erzgebirge. On the trail of black gold . Flyer for the museum (as of April 2011)
- ↑ Saxosport exhibition ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on June 10, 2016)
- ^ Heinrich Hartmann House
- ↑ Bernd Sikora: The Lugau-Oelsnitzer coal field. In: Deutscher Werkbund Sachsen. Work report 4, Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2016, ISBN 978-395415-060-1 , p. 45 ff.
- ↑ A float between black and white (accessed June 10, 2016)
- ↑ the poetry of energy , frank maibier, brochure for the Landesgartenschau Oelsnitz / Erzgebirge 2015.
- ↑ City Hall Oelsnitz / Erzgeb.
- ^ Oelsnitzer Kultursommer ( Memento from June 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Holiday magazine Erzgebirge 2017; Tourismusverband Erzgebirge eV, Annaberg-Buchholz 2016
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