Ushakowo (Kaliningrad, Gurjewsk, Nisowje)
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Uschakowo
Heiligenwalde Ушаково
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Uschakowo ( Russian Ушаково , German Heiligenwalde ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . It belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Gurjewsk district , identical in area to the Gurjewsk Rajon . There he is on the outskirts of Nisowski rajon . It is not to be confused with Uschakowo (formerly Brandenburg (Haff)), which is also part of the Gurjewsk district and is located on the outskirts of Nowomoskowski rajon .
Geographical location
Uschakowo is located 21 kilometers east of the oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) south of the new route of the federal road A 229 (former German Reichsstrasse 1 , today also European road 28 / European road 77 ). Until 1945 there was a railway connection via the Hohenrade (Russian: Vorobjowo) station on the route from Königsberg (Prussia) (Kaliningrad) via Pravten (Lomonossowo) to Possinder (Roschtschino) and Tapiau (Gwardeisk) of the Königsberg small railway , which is no longer in operation today .
Place name
The name of the place refers to the Prussian "holy forest" which was once located here , which they were not allowed to enter themselves and where a church was built in 1344. Occurrences of the name are: around 1500 Heyligwalt , around 1539 Heiligenwalt , after 1540 Heiligen Walde , after 1542 Heiligenwaldt , after 1564 Heyligenwalde , until 1946 Heiligenwalde .
history
The church village, once called Heiligenwalde , with its island location in a swampy area was founded in 1344 under the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order Winrich von Kniprode . The founder of the place was Volkwin von Dobrin , to whom 60 hooves were made available for the settlement. A church that still exists today was built here in the same year.
On April 30, 1874, Heiligenwalde became the seat and eponymous place of the newly established district of Heiligenwalde, which existed until 1945 and belonged to the district of Königsberg (Prussia) (from 1939 district of Samland ) in the district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1893 the neighboring towns of Cranzberg and Ellern as well as Susannenthal were incorporated into Heiligenwalde. The population of Heiligenwald was 522 in 1910.
Heiligenwalde expanded again in 1928 when the village of Oblitten (Russian: Gluchowo) and the manor district of Heiligenwalde (domain, Russian: Molodezkoje) were incorporated. The number of inhabitants rose to 699 by 1933 and was already 716 in 1939.
As a result of the Second World War , northern East Prussia and with it Heiligenwalde came to the Soviet Union . In 1947 the place was given the Russian name Uschakowo and was assigned to the village soviet Nisowski selski Sowet in Gurjewsk Rajon . From 2008 to 2013 Ushakowo belonged to the rural municipality Nizovskoye selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Guryevsk.
Heiligenwalde district (1874–1945)
The district of Heiligenwalde, which was newly formed on April 30, 1874, originally consisted of six rural communities and 13 manor districts :
| German name | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Rural communities . | ||
| Heiligenwalde (village) | Ushakovo | |
| Kalkeim | Grushevka | |
| Oblits | Gluchowo | |
| Pogau | Vysokoye | |
| Possinds | Roschtschino | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Willkühnen |
| Rogues | Dworki | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Pogauen |
| Manor districts : | ||
| Cranzberg | 1893 incorporated into the rural community of Heiligenwalde | |
| Ellern | 1893 incorporated into the rural community of Heiligenwalde | |
| Gehlblum | Trubkino | 1903/07 incorporated into the rural community of Pogauen |
| Green meadow | ||
| Hohenrade | Vorobyovo | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Pogauen |
| Heiligenwalde (domain) | Molodetskoye | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Heiligenwalde |
| Laubenhof | ||
| Possinds | Roschtschino | |
| Rosenthal | ||
| Schwillmühle | ||
| stretch | In 1875 incorporated into the Groß Legden manor district | |
| Susannenthal | 1893 incorporated into the rural community of Heiligenwalde | |
| Daring | Golovenskoye | Converted to a rural community in 1928 |
Due to the various restructuring measures on January 1, 1945, the district of Heiligenwalde only consisted of the communities Heiligenwalde, Kalkeim, Pogauen and Willkühnen.
church
→ See main article (with parish and pastor list) : Church of Heiligenwalde
There has been a church in Heiligenwalde since 1344, which is still preserved today. The oldest part of the building is the nave made of field stones and bricks. The choir was added at the beginning of the 15th century, the tower was built in the 2nd half of the 15th century.
After 1945 the church was used by the Rodniki sovkhoz . As a result, the building was affected, but was saved from destruction. The church was restored in the early 1990s, on July 26, 1994, on the occasion of the 650th anniversary of the church, a service was held for the first time, and in autumn 2006 the restored church was inaugurated.
The Lutheran Reformation found its way into Heiligenwalde early on. Belonged to the parish with a wide-area parish initially for inspection Neuhausen (Russian: Guryevsk), it was until 1945 in the parish of Königsberg Country II in the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches incorporated.
The parish existed until 1945. In the time of the Soviet Union , church life was not possible. It was not until the 1990s that Protestant congregations were founded again in the Kaliningrad Oblast. Uschakowo is located in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) within the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELKER).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Heiligenwalde (Kirchdorf)
- ↑ Uschakowo – Heiligenwalde at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Heiligenwalde district
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Königsberg
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Samland district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ↑ The churches in Samland: Heiligenwalde
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
