Bolshoye Issakovo
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Bolschoje Issakowo
Lauth Большое Исаково
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Bolschoje Issakowo ( Russian Большое Исаково , until 1997 Issakowo, German Lauth ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . It is located in Guryevsk Rajon and belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Guryevsk district .
Geographical location
Bolschoje Issakowo is five kilometers east of Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) and ten kilometers south of Gurjewsk (Neuhausen) on the eastern, and until 1946 so-called Lauther mill pond . In the west the village borders on the Leningrad Raion of the city of Kaliningrad. The eastern bypass road of the oblast capital runs through the town, there is no direct rail connection.
history
The place called Lauth until 1946 was founded in 1263 as Lawte . As early as 1299, the Komtur von Königsberg , Berthold von Brühaven , awarded the citizens of the city of meadows in the large Werder der Pregel (Russian: Pregolja), as well as meadows near the village of Lauth as a community meadow from the bridge down to urban freedom.
In 1874 Lauth was incorporated into the newly established district of Liep (Russian: Oktjabrskoje). Until 1927 it belonged to the district of Königsberg (Prussia) in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia and - after Liep was included in the city of Königsberg (Prussia) - in 1927 it was renamed the "District of Lauth".
In 1885 a total of 774 inhabitants lived in Lauth. Their number rose to 864 by 1910 and was 1,827 in 1933. On April 1, 1939, Lauth also lost its independence and was incorporated into the city and the urban district of Königsberg. The district was dissolved.
In 1945 Lauth came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia and in 1947 was given the Russian name Issakowo. At the same time the place was classified in the village soviet Saosjorski selski Sowet . In 1954, Issakovo became the administrative seat of the Bolsheissakovsky selski Sowet. In addition, Issakovo had actually been the administrative seat of Guryevsk Raion from 1947 and officially from 1953 to 1960 , because the military had been quartered in the city of Guryevsk and there was no civil authority. In 1997 Issakovo was renamed Bolshoye Issakovo. In 2008 Bolshoye Issakovo became the seat of a rural municipality and since its dissolution in 2013 it has belonged to the Guryevsk district.
Lauth district
On December 2, 1927, the previous Liep district (Russian: Oktjabrskoje) was renamed "Lauth District" and Lauth became an official village in the Königsberg district (Prussia) in the Königsberg district of the Prussian province of East Prussia . This administrative district consisted of the two rural communities Lauth and Palmburg (Russian: Pribreschnoje). The term of office lasted only eleven and a half years until Lauth was incorporated into the city of Königsberg (Prussia) and the district was dissolved.
Bolscheissakowski selski Sowet / okrug 1954–2008
The village soviet Bolscheissakowski selski Sowet (ru. Болыпеисаковский сельский Совет) was established in June 1954. Its places previously belonged to the Saosjorski selski Sowet . The administrative seat of the village soviet was the place Issakowo, which was renamed in 1997 in Bolshoye Issakowo. After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Bolscheissakowski selski okrug (ru. Болыпеисаковский сельский округ). In 2008 the village district was converted into a rural community.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Issakovo (Исаково) | Lauth | The place was renamed in 1947 and renamed Bolshoye Issakovo in 1997 . |
| Malo- Issakowo (Мало-Исаково) | (Mug) Lauth | The place was renamed in 1947 and renamed Maloje Issakowo in 1997 . |
| Wassilkowo (Васильково) | Neudamm (village) | The place was renamed in 1947. |
Bolsheissakovskoye selskoye posseleniy 2008–2013
The rural community Bolscheissakowskoje selskoje posselenije (ru. Большеисаковске сельско поселение) was established in 2008 as the successor to the village district Bolscheissakowski selski okrug. To it belonged three “settlement” (Russian: possjolok) called localities on an area of 4.8 km² with 10,257 inhabitants (status 2010). In 2013 the community was opened in the Guryevsk district .
| Place name | German name |
|---|---|
| Bolshoye Issakovo (Большое Исаково) | Lauth |
| Maloje Issakowo (Малое Исаково) | Pitcher Lauth |
| Wassilkowo (Васильково) | Neudamm |
Mill Lauth
Lauth was a well-known mill town before 1945, which the Lauther mill pond still bears witness to today . The Lauth mill had an eventful history. In 1460, Grand Master Ludwig von Erlichshausen ordered the Commander of Ragnit (now in Russian: Neman) to come to him with lightships at the Lauth mill to attack Wehlau (Znamensk). 65 years later, Duke Albrecht held a bloody criminal judgment against rebellious farmers at the Lauth mill, and the winter of 1554 was so cold that all the ponds in the area froze over and almost all the mills stood still. Grain and salt therefore had to be transported to the Lauth mill. In 1566, Duchess Anna Maria , the wife of Duke Albrecht, lent the mill to the "lot and cake bakers" of the three cities of Königsberg.
A sawmill was added later, which was also lent to Königsberg by Margrave Georg Friedrich in 1583 . The Königsberg bakers used the Lauthener mill for more than a hundred years.
After the end of the war in 1806/07, the mills were put up for auction against the highest bid. The Lauth mill was bought by Friedrich Wilhelm Lehmann for 33,300 Reichstaler. After that, the mill still had many owners, the last of whom was named Kurt Käswurm , who took it over in 1894.
church
Until 1945, the mostly Protestant population of Lauth was integrated into the parish Neuhausen (Russian: Gurjewsk), which belonged to the church district Königsberg-Land II within the church province of East Prussia of the church of the Old Prussian Union . Today most of the inhabitants, as far as they are religiously bound, are Russian Orthodox . With regard to the Evangelical Lutheran church structures, Bolshoje Issakowo lies in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) of the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia , which was newly established in the 1990s .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Lauth
- ↑ a b Schadwinkel, The village and the mill Lauth
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Liep / Lauth district
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Königsberg
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Königsberg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ wiki-genealogy.net
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. “О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области” (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of November 17, 1947: On the renaming of the places of Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ a b By decision of the Oblast Duma of May 22, 1997, No. 38 "Об упорядочении учета сельских населенных пунктов области" (Regulations on the registration of rural places in the Oblast)
- ↑ a b However, the place was already mentioned in the Административно-территориальное деление Калининградской области 1989 (The administrative-territorial division of the Oblast of Kaliningradakov in 1989 with the Kaliningradakov Oblast.
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 16 июня 1954 г. № 744/54 «Об объединении сельских советов Калининградской области» (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of June 16, 1954, No. 744/54: About the Kalovradet Oblast Association)
- ↑ Through the Закон Калининградской области от 30 июня 2008 r. № 254 «Об организации местного самоуправления на территории муниципального образования" Гурьевский городской округ "» (Law of the Kaliningrad Oblast June 30, 2008, No. 254. On the organization of local self-government on the territory of municipal formation "city circle Gurievsk")
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )