Zarechye (Kaliningrad, Gurjewsk)
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Zarechye
Kaymen (Kaimen) Заречье
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Saretschje ( Russian Заречье , German Kaymen (1938–1945 Kaimen ) ) is a place in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . It belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Guryevsk District in Guryevsk Raion .
Geographical location
The village is located in the historical region of East Prussia , northwest of the city of Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) , in the far east of Gurjewsk Raion on the border with Polessk Raion or Gwardeisk Raion . Municipal roads 27K-070 from Pribreschnoje (Palmburg) and Dobrino (Nautzken) , 27K-071 from Pridoroschnoje (New Droosden) and 27K-072 from Ossinowka (Strampelken) run together in the village . Dobrino is the nearest train station on the Kaliningrad – Sovetsk line (Königsberg – Tilsit) .
history
The founding of the village once called Kaymen dates back to the beginning of the 13th century. At that time, the Prussian landscape of Caym lay between the Curonian Lagoon (Russian: Kurschski Saliw) and the valley of the Pregel River (Pregolja) , of which the Kaymen burial ground still provides eloquent information. Even then, Kaymen was the center of a heavily populated landscape.
The Prussian Wallburg Caym was taken over and expanded by the Teutonic Order , who built a church here (today as a ruin west of the town of Trostniki (Bothenen) ) and later used as a moated castle , under Duke Albrecht also as a hunting lodge . The peasant uprising began here in 1525, caused by the rigid behavior of the administrator Andreas Rippe , descendant of a mercenary leader.
In 1668 the castle was prepared as the seat of a domain , and in 1783 the castle was expanded by master builder Blasius Berwart .
On April 9, 1874, the then Caymen became an official village and thus gave its name to the newly established administrative district , which initially included seven rural communities or manor districts. He belonged to the district of Labiau in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1910, the Kaymen rural community had 207 residents and the Kaymen manor estate had 260 residents.
On September 30, 1928, the manor district Kaymen (without the Vorwerk Legehnen , Russian today Barsukowka) was incorporated into the rural community of Kaymen. The population of the united municipality was 303 in 1933 and 363 in 1939.
As a result of the Second World War , the village, called Kaimen since 1938, came to the Soviet Union in northern East Prussia . In 1947 the place received the Russian name Saretschje and was assigned at the same time to the village soviet Dobrinski selski Sowet in Gurjewsk Rajon . From 2008 to 2013 Zarechye belonged to the rural municipality Dobrinskoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Guryevsk.
Kaymen District (1874–1945)
Between 1874 and 1945, Kaymen was the administrative seat of an administrative district to which initially seven and finally three municipalities belonged:
| Surname | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Rural communities: | ||
| Bothenen | Trostniki | |
|
Kaymen 1938-1946: Kaimen |
Zarechye | |
| Sielkeim | Vessyolovka | |
| Wild manners | Anechkino | 1928 incorporated into the rural community Bothenen |
| Manor districts: | ||
| Kaymen, domain | Zarechye | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Kaymen |
| Vocal germ | Trostniki |
In the rural community Bothenen, partly in 1928 in the rural community school germ incorporated |
| Michelau (enclave in the Wehlau district) |
Volkovo |
1884 incorporated into the manor district of Pogirmen, district of Pomedien (Pruschaly) |
Kaymen Castle
The medieval fortress of Kaymen was changed in the order during the time of the order in such a way that - by damming the stream flowing past and digging a ditch - they created an island on which a log house was built for additional security. In the 14th century it was made of stone and changed to a moated castle . Then used as a hunting lodge , the castle became the seat of the Kaymen domain in 1668 , although the entire complex as a former moated castle was never changed. In 1827 the structure of the castle was still in good condition. It was only after 1945 that the buildings steadily fell into disrepair or were defaced by extensions. Today, only partially existing outer walls, heavily covered by vegetation, can be seen.
church
Church building
The Kaymen Church, which dates back to the last third of the 14th century, was built to the northwest of what was then Kaymen 450 meters west of Bothenen (today Russian: Trostniki), where the “Kaymen Church” with the church existed until 1945. It is a field stone and brick building with a retracted choir. The tower was not completed until 1852. Today only ruins remain of the church, such as the walls of the nave and also the tower without a point.
Parish
The parish of Kaymen already existed in the pre-Reformation period , in which the Reformation took hold as early as 1525 . Formerly part of the Schaaken inspection (Russian: Schemtschuschnoje), Kaymen was part of the Labiau (Polessk) church district within the Church of the Old Prussian Union in the church province of East Prussia until 1945 . Today, Zaretschje is in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Polessk (Labiau) , a subsidiary of the Resurrection Church in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) in the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELCER).
Parish locations (until 1945)
In addition to Kaymen itself, the parish of Kaymen also included more than forty localities:
| Surname | Russian name | Surname | Russian name | Surname | Russian name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annenau | Karlshof | Sovkhoznoye | School germ | Altayskoye | ||||
| Bend this | Dalneje | Little Hermeninken | Sister farm | |||||
| Blocks | Ossokino | Vocal germ | Trostniki | Sellwethen | Yegoryevskoye | |||
| Bothenen | Trostniki | Laying tendons | Barsukovka | Senseln | Olegovo | |||
| Brandt | Lethenen | Uroshainoje | Sergitten | Mordovskoye | ||||
| Duhnau | Barsukovka | Lichtenthal | Sielkeim | Vessyolovka | ||||
| Eichenhorst | Lindenberg | Stenken | Lipowka | |||||
| Owl house | Louisenfelde | Rasino | Thiemsdorf | Azovskoye | ||||
| Gaue | Mettkeim | Novgorodskoye | Nod of wax | Kurgany | ||||
| Writing | Michelau | Volkovo | Cheeks | |||||
| Great Hermeninken | Nautzken | Dobrino | Wanghusen | Gribojedowo | ||||
| Great Sittkeim | New Sielkeim | Izmailovskoye | Wild manners | Anechkino | ||||
| Oat house | Percaps | Poltavskoye | Wulfshöfen | Zwetkowo | ||||
| Hempelstube | Poduhren | Zandersdorf | Dmitrievka | |||||
| Kadgiehnen | Prudy | Pension property | Lossewo | Zatten |
Pastor (1525–1945)
From the Reformation to the end of the Second World War, Kaymen officiated as evangelical clergy:
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school
There was a school building in Kaymen from 1886 and 1925 with two classes. The children from Bothenen (today Russian: Trostniki) and Wilditten (Anetschkino) were taught here. The last school holder before 1945 was Cantor Bruno Schmidt .
The school building burned down in the 1980s. A residential building was built in its place, behind it the new Russian school.
literature
- Karl Emil Gebauer : Customer of the Samland or history and topographical-statistical picture of the East Prussian landscape Samland . Königsberg 1844, pp. 94-95. .
- Robet Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon. City and surroundings. Licensed edition, Würzburg, 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1 .
- Note about an old, very curious church tower flag and a pretty Virgin Mary at Caymen . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 25, Königsberg 1841, pp. 84-89.
Web links
- Zarechye at bankgorodov.ru (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Kaimen
- ^ History of the village and castle Kaymen at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ Peasants' War in East Prussia 1525 ( Memento of the original from December 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Kaimen district
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district Labiau
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Labiau district (Russian Polessk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ^ Trostniki - Bothenen at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Kaimen Church
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Patrick Plew, Ortsfamilienbuch Kaimen, 1647-1763, Labiau, East Prussia
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, p. 27.
- ↑ Kaymen in the German National Library
