Bad Breisig

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 31 '  N , 7 ° 18'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Ahrweiler
Association municipality :	Bad Breisig
Height :	70 m above sea level NHN
Area :	19.94 km 2
Residents:	9531 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	478 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	53498
Area code :	02633
License plate :	AW
Community key :	07 1 31 006
City structure:	3 districts
Association administration address:	Bachstrasse 11 53498 Bad Breisig
Website :	www.bad-breisig.de
City Mayor :	Udo Heuser
Location of the city of Bad Breisig in the Ahrweiler district

The late Romanesque parish church of St. Viktor in Oberbreisig

View of Bad Breisig

Bad Breisig from the north-east

Panorama picture: Bad Breisig and Bad Hönningen

Bad Breisig is a spa town and a state-approved spa in the Ahrweiler district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It is the administrative seat of the association of the same name to which the city belongs. According to state planning, Bad Breisig is designated as a basic center.

geography

location

The city is located on the left bank of the Rhine on the northern Middle Rhine . It is divided into the districts of Oberbreisig, Niederbreisig and Rheineck. The Niederbreisig district also includes the residential areas Auf dem Hohe Rech, Glasfabrik, Haus Mohr, Kesselberg, Tiefpfad and Weiler; the residential areas Heiligental, Lieshof, Mönchsheide and Auf Wallers to the Oberbreisig district; to the Rheineck district, Rheineck Castle and the Rheineck Forest Estate.

In Bad Breisig the Frankenbach flows into the Rhine.

swell

The title Quellenstadt is justified by the large number of sources in Bad Breisig.

• Geyrsprudel - healing water spring drilled in 1914, see spa and spa facilities
• Gertrudisquelle - medicinal water spring drilled in 1925
• Mariensprudel - healing water spring drilled in 1927
• Ludgerussprudel - healing water spring drilled in 1914
• Rudolph-Halpaus Quelle - mineral water spring drilled in 1957, see Bronni (mineral water)
• Michaelis spring - healing water spring drilled in 1959, see Bronni (mineral water)

history

Bad Breisig is located north of the mouth of the Vinxtbach , the border brook between the two Roman provinces of Lower and Upper Germany , into the Rhine. Early traces of settlement date from the late Paleolithic as excavations of the research area Paleolithic of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum (Mainz) have shown. The name "Breisig" (Latin Brisiacum ) is of Celtic origin. Rich finds from two grave fields indicate the importance of the Oberbreisig settlement at the time of the conquest of the Franks .

A "Brismike" mentioned in a deed of donation from King Zwentibold , King of Lotharingia , to the imperial monastery of Essen under Abbess Wicburg , does not mean Breisig, but - with other villages together - an area in the area around today's Erkelenz . What is certain is that the “Breisiger Ländchen” was given to the monastery at the time of Abbess Mathilde (971-1011). The "Ländchen", to which the places Niederbreisig, Oberbreisig, Gönnersdorf , Niederlützingen , Oberlützingen , Brohl and part of Rheineck belonged, was territorially independent, but the Duke of Jülich exercised the bailiff's rights since the late Middle Ages .

A settlement of the Knights Templar is mentioned for the first time in 1215 in "Brysich" on the occasion of a donation from the Florinsstift in Koblenz . This became one of the most important comers of the order in the decades to come. In the Donatus Chapel of the Order there was a cross relic that the Templars had brought from Outremer and that is now kept in the parish church of St. Mary . With the persecution and abolition of the order from 1307 to 1312, the possessions passed into the church property, the Johanniter took over the possessions of the Templars for the next 500 years. The only thing that has been preserved is the name of a house on Koblenzer Strasse as "Templerhof".

Under the abbess Berta von Arnsberg (1241–1292) the place was fortified around 1280 with a moat and curtain wall. The first Breisig seal is attested for 1356. In 1374, Breisig received market rights from Emperor Charles IV . The parish church at that time was St. Viktor's Church in Oberbreisig.

In the autumn of 1568, Breisig was drawn into the chaos of the war of independence in the Netherlands against Spanish rule. Breisig served as a retreat for the troops of the Prince of Orange.

The Breisiger Ländchen remained with Essen and Jülich until the French revolutionary troops marched in in 1794. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, it became Prussian .

After the Second World War, the villages that are now part of Bad Breisig came to the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate . In Niederbreisig in the summer of 1949 around 150 refugees and displaced persons who had been assigned to the state of North Rhine-Westphalia were accommodated in the Niederbreisig Rheinhotel , which had been repaired for this purpose . They worked in Bad Godesberg and had previously lived in the Rheinhotel Dreesen there , which had to be cleared for the French high commissioner .

On May 5, 1958, Niederbreisig was given the title “Bad”, but the spa facilities go back to the drilling of the warm springs in 1914. Bad Breisig was re-formed on June 7, 1969 from the previously independent communities Bad Niederbreisig (3718 inhabitants), Oberbreisig (1616) and Rheineck (251). On May 2, 1970 Bad Breisig received city ​​rights .

In 1972 the planned construction of a nuclear power plant in the greater Koblenz area became known, and the Golden Mile between Bad Breisig and Sinzig was named as one of the possible locations . For reasons of drinking water protection, however, this plan had to be abandoned later, and the Mülheim-Kärlich nuclear power plant was implemented instead .

The city lives from the spa and tourism. It benefits from its location on the Rhine and its geographical proximity to Koblenz , Bonn and Cologne ; insofar it is also a popular day trip destination. The traditional spa is being transformed into a recreation center with wellness , fitness and sports facilities that meets contemporary requirements .

Population development

The development of the population of Bad Breisig in relation to today's urban area. The values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents 1815 1,341 1835 1,891 1871 1.953 1905 2,244 1939 2,735 1950 3,546 1961 4,396

year Residents 1970 5,383 1987 6,908 1997 8,798 2005 9,010 2011 8,853 2017 9,369

Population development of Bad Breisig from 1815 to 2017 according to the table below

City council

The city ​​council in Bad Breisig consists of 24 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city ​​mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FDP	left	FWG	total
2019	7th	8th	2	1	6th	24 seats
2014	8th	11	1	-	4th	24 seats
2009	6th	12	2	-	4th	24 seats
2004	8th	11	2	-	3	24 seats

• FWG = Free Voting Group Verbandsgemeinde Bad Breisig e. V.

City Mayor

Udo Heuser was elected to succeed Gabriele Hermann-Lersch (CDU) in 2019. He was elected in a necessary new election on August 25, 2019 after incumbent Hermann-Lersch was unable to achieve the necessary majority of 50 percent of the votes in the regular election in May.

Culture and sights

Buildings

War memorial in Bad Breisig

The parish church of St. Viktor in the Oberbreisig district was first mentioned in a document in 1041. It is the mother church of the "Breisiger Ländchen". Today's late Romanesque church was built between 1220 and 1240. Frescos from the 14th / 15th centuries. Century are preserved, the furnishings are otherwise baroque.

The baroque church of St. Marien (1717–1725) is a single-nave hall building in Gothic-style shapes with a square tower and dome.

In the classicistic town hall (1873/1874), which has not been used as such since 1988, there is a doll museum with over 400 exhibits (mostly from 1860 to 1920).

The Protestant parish church dates from 1901.

Bad Breisig has a large number of listed buildings from the 17th century to the Wilhelminian era . The most historically significant is the Templar court ; the existing building, in which a restaurant is set up, dates from 1657, but a forerunner was mentioned in a document as early as 1215.

See also: List of cultural monuments in Bad Breisig

Rheineck Castle from the north-west

Spa and spa facilities

Kurhaus Bad Breisig before its demolition

The drilling of the first 34 ° C warm thermal spring (70,000 liters per hour) succeeded in April 1914 after two years of attempts by Peter Lang and his sponsor Baron Maximilian von Geyr zu Schweppenburg (named Geyrquelle after him ). The first thermal swimming pool was built near the Rhine in 1928 with the water of a second spring (Marienquelle) drilled in 1927 (Marienquelle) with a pouring rate of 200,000 liters per hour and the Kurhaus in the premises of Villa Oehme , a former rest home of the Breisig Freemasons and later the residence of a Danish Consul General, opened.

The spa park still has the historical trees of the former villa. The oldest examples are marked and explained. The Kurhaus was rebuilt and expanded in 1975.

The spa business had expanded in 1936 under the local entrepreneur Johann Martin Schuh with the construction of the Geyrsprudel spa house in place of the original small half-timbered bath house from the Weimar Republic. His son Willy built a new thermal bath in 1961 after the Marienquelle was filled in by earth shocks during the Second World War and the old bath was no longer usable (it no longer exists today). The new bath from 1961 was converted into the Römer Thermen , a wellness bath with sauna area , in December 1991 , modernized again in 2009 and given a Roman ambience.

The Kurhaus and Kurhotel were insolvent in 2005 and had to be closed. In January 2011, the historic Kurhaus was demolished after the city rejected its renovation as unprofitable. The extension from 1975 was sold and is to be given a new use (condominiums, café and tourist information office).

Regular events

The following festivals take place every year in Bad Breisig:

• Carnival parade (Carnival society from 1892, every two years, next parade in 2019)
• Fountain Festival (from Ascension Day until the following Sunday): Sunday shopping, antique market, live music, coronation of the fountain queen
• Culinary week (second half of July, since 1974): special restaurant offers with specialties from different countries and events in the spa gardens
• Zwibbelsmaat onion market (around 14 September, Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross ): pilgrimage to the cross relic , Sunday shopping, flea market and market for food and bulbs, clothing and household items, fair with rides in the medieval tradition of the city's free market rights
• Christmas market on the second weekend of Advent (local advertising media)

traffic

• Bad Breisig is on the left bank of the Rhine and is served every hour by the Rhein-Express (RE 5) and the Mittelrheinbahn (RB 26).
• The federal road 9 leads through Bad Breisig.
• Jetty for excursion boats on the Rhine
• Car ferry to Bad Hönningen
• The Rhine Cycle Path runs through the village . As a curiosity, cyclists are asked to get off, but only on the part that is shared by pedestrians and cyclists.

Personalities

Born in Bad Breisig

Rheineck Castle (and Bad Hönningen )

• Beate Berger (1886–1940), director of the Jewish children's home Beith Ahawah in Berlin and Haifa
• Felix von Bethmann Hollweg (1824–1900), Prussian politician, born at Rheineck Castle

Associated with Bad Breisig

• Karl Schapper (1879–1941), Catholic resistance fighter against National Socialism, lived from 1925 on the Idyllenhof in Niederbreisig. There he maintained contacts with the bourgeois opposition to Hitler, was arrested in 1939 following a denunciation and beheaded in Plötzensee in 1941.
• Max Barthel (1893–1975), worker poet, lived from 1948 to 1969 in Bad Breisig.
• Gerhard Steffens (1927–1998), CDU politician and member of the state parliament
• Kai Krause (* 1957), musician and software pioneer, lives at Rheineck Castle.
• Klaus Badelt (* 1967), a composer specializing in television and film music, co-founded concept-computer GmbH in Bad Breisig in 1989.
• Oliver Krüger (* 1973), religious scholar and sociologist, grew up in Bad Breisig.
• Bernd Daberkow , CEO and musical director of Guggenmusik Blechlawin '1999 e. V. First German master of Guggen music.
• Julian Schmitz-Avila , (* 1986) German art and antiques dealer

literature

• Leo Stausberg: Ländchen Breisig and Principality of Essen, study of local history. Bad Niederbreisig official administration (ed.) 1963.
• 25 years of traffic and beautification association Oberbreisig 1958 e. V. Bad Breisig. Bad Breisig 1983.
• Heino Möhring: Bad Breisig in old views. European Library, Zaltbommel / Netherlands 1986, ISBN 90-288-3389-7 .
• Heino Möhring: Legends and stories about Rheineck Castle. In: Homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district 1992. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1991.
• Carl Bertram Hommen: The Breisiger Ländchen: With Vinxtbach and Brohl valley, history and stories from 2000 years. Verlag JF Bachem, Cologne 1985, ISBN 978-3-7616-0808-1 .
• Joachim Gerhardt, Heinrich Neu: Art monuments of the Ahrweiler district. 2nd half volume, L. Schwann, Düsseldorf, 1938, pp. 424-435 (Niederbreisig), pp. 464-480 (Oberbreisig).

Web links

Commons : Bad Breisig  - Collection of Images

Wikisource: Bad Breisig in the Topographia Westphaliae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Wiktionary: Bad Breisig  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wikivoyage: Bad Breisig  - travel guide

• City of Bad Breisig
• Bad Breisig municipality
• Literature about Bad Breisig in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data
3. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 8th f . (PDF; 3 MB).
4. ↑ Thematic tour Bad Breisig - springs and hot springs. (PDF) Bad Breisig Tourist-Information, August 19, 2011, accessed on October 24, 2016 (brochure). 
5. ↑ G. Waldmann, O. Jöris, M. Baales: After the flood. A late Allerød Age tip site near Bad Breisig. In: Archaeological correspondence sheet. 31, 2001, pp. 173-184.
6. ↑ M. Baales, O. Jöris: Between North and South. A late Allerød Age tip site near Bad Breisig, Kr.Ahrweiler (Middle Rhine, Rhineland-Palatinate). In: The customer. N.F. 52, 2001, pp. 275-292.
7. ↑ SB Grimm: A late Allerød Age site near Bad Breisig, Ahrweiler district. In: Reports on archeology on the Middle Rhine and Moselle. 9, 2004, pp. 11-32.
8. ↑ Carl Bertram Hommen: Lost witnesses of Middle Rhine history , in Heimatjahrbuch 1993 Kreis Ahrweiler; Online ( Memento from September 20, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ Carl Bertram Hommen: It wasn't King Zwentibold in the year 898 ... The Breisiger Ländchen came to the Essen Abbey under Abbess Mathilde von Schwaben (971-1011) , in: Heimatjahrbuch 1982 Kreis Ahrweiler, p. 104 Online
10. ^ Philipp de Lorenzi: Contributions to the history of all parishes in the Diocese of Trier , Bischöfliches General-Vicariate, 1887, p. 393 online
11. ↑ Heino Möhring: The Coming of the Templars to Breisig
12. ↑ Carl Bertram Hommen: Oldest Breisiger seal from 1356. in: Heimatjahrbuch 1991 Kreis Ahrweiler, p. 83 online
13. ↑ The book Weinsberg. 5th edition, Ed. J. J. Hässlin, Bachem Verlag, Cologne 1997, p. 361
14. ^ Helmut Vogt : Rhineland-Palatinate, neighbor of the young federal capital. In: Bonner Geschichtsblätter , Volume 49/50, 1999/2000 (2001), ISSN  0068-0052 , pp. 501-502.
15. ↑ Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 186 (PDF; 2.8 MB).
16. ↑ Günther Schmitt: industrial area Goldene Meile - the near nuclear power plant. In: Genearl-Anzeiger (Bonn). October 24, 2013, accessed February 20, 2018 . 
17. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
18. ↑ Swearing in by the city council: Udo Heuser is the new mayor of Bad Breisig. In: General-Anzeiger Bonn . September 7, 2019, accessed March 20, 2020 . 
19. ↑ Low voter turnout: Bad Breisig has a new mayor
20. ↑ Carl Bertram Hommen: Sankt Viktor auf dem Berge - Sankt Marien am Strom. On the church history of the "Breisiger Ländchen". In: HJb Kreis Ahrweiler 1985, p. 51 online
21. ↑ Frank Gausmann: The model of a real resistance in the Third Reich. In: Heimatjahrbuch 1986. Kreis Ahrweiler, p. 186 ( online )
22. ↑ read in the Golden Book of the city of Bad Breisig