Cholina
| Cholina | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Olomoucký kraj | ||||
| District : | Olomouc | ||||
| Area : | 899 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 39 ' N , 17 ° 3' E | ||||
| Height: | 262 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 741 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 783 22 | ||||
| License plate : | M. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Haňovice - Senice na Hané | ||||
| Railway connection: | Červenka - Prostějov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavla Bezová (as of 2011) | ||||
| Address: | Cholina 52 783 22 Cholina |
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| Municipality number: | 502839 | ||||
| Website : | www.obeccholina.cz | ||||
Cholina (German Köllein ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers south of Litovel and belongs to the Okres Olomouc . The church with the "Madonna of Cholina", known as the patroness of Hanna, is an important place of pilgrimage.
geography
Cholina extends at the northeastern foot of the Drahaner Bergland on the edge of the Upper Moravian Depression ( Hornomoravský úval ) along the Cholinka river. The Skalky (356 m) rise to the southwest, the Vršky (401 m) to the west and the Rampach (418 m) to the northwest. The railway line Červenka - Prostějov runs on the eastern edge of the village .
Neighboring towns are Hliník, Myslechovice, Haňovice , Nasobůrky, Olomoucké Předměstí and Chořelice in the north, Rozvadovice in the Northeast, Unčovice, Mezice and Náklo the east, Dubčany the southeast, Odrlice and Senička in the south, Cakov and Bílsko in the southwest, Cholinský Dvorek and Loučka in West and Slavětín , Savín and Nová Ves in the north-west.
history
Archaeological finds show that the municipality was settled in the Young Bronze Age and the Hallstatt Period . The discovery of a Roman coin suggests that a trade route from the Moravian plain to Bohemia ran here at the beginning of the era .
Na Choline was first mentioned in writing in 1131 in an inventory of the Olomouc bishop Heinrich Zdik , in which three hubs of farmland were named as the property of the Olomouc chapter. The other part was in worldly possession. In 1176, Vladike Sedlek von Skrbeň , who remained without male descendants, gave several goods in Cholina to the Premonstratensian monastery of Hradisko . Since 1305 the village was called Cholina or Cholyna . In 1326, Vladike Adam von Cholina gave the Hradian Premonstratensian patronage over the parish church. Other forms of the name were Koleyn (1364), Cholín (1407), Coleyn (1409), Colein (1414), Cholina (from 1463), Kulein (1589), Kellein (from 1591), Köllein (from 1614), Choliny (1621) , Cholen (1633), Holyn (1639), Cholinium (from 1672), Chölein (from 1673), Kolein (from 1676), Kolina or Cholena (from 1720), Cholinow (1782) and Kilain (1787). The Cholina antiphonary was written in the 15th century. In 1546 Wenzel Haugwitz von Biskupitz sold the estate to the city of Olomouc . The registers have been kept since 1614. Until the chapel on the Heiligberg was built in 1632, Cholina was the most important place of pilgrimage for Hanna . During the Thirty Years War in 1643 the Swedes devastated the village. The ruined church was poorly restored in 1661. In 1716 the Kolein parish memorial book was created. The fortress, which dates back to the 14th century, was converted into a rectory from 1732. The pilgrimages reached their peak at the beginning of the 18th century. With the abolition of their monastery, the church patronage of the Hradian Premonstratensians ended in 1782. Until the middle of the 19th century, Cholina always remained an Olomouc council village.
After the abolition of patrimonial Cholín / Köllein formed from 1850 a community in the district administration of Littau . The Czech place name Cholina has been used since 1886 . In 1914 the Littau – Groß Senitz local railway was put into operation. In 1960 Dubčany was incorporated. After the dissolution of the Okres Litovel, the municipality came to the Okres Olomouc in 1961. In 1980, Bílsko and Loučka were incorporated . After the Velvet Revolution , all three towns broke away from Cholina in 1990 and formed their own communities.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Cholina. The settlement of Cholinský Dvorek belongs to Cholina .
Attractions
- Pilgrimage Church of the Assumption, originally dedicated to St. Anna church was a German and Czech simultaneous church in the late Middle Ages . In 1605 it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style. It received its current neo-Gothic shape between 1859 and 1862 according to plans by the Měrotín master builder Vincenc Vodička. It was rededicated in 1867. The two chapels at the entrance are dedicated to St. John of Nepomuk and St. Consecrated to Wendelin. In the transept there are chapels of St. Joseph and St. Philomena. The beautiful Madonna of Cholina has been on the neo-Gothic main altar since 1700 , the oak figure of the Virgin Mary with the baby Jesus, made around 1405, was stolen on July 10, 1996. After the Madonna was accidentally found by the Vienna Criminal Police in March 2006 during a search of the business premises of the Viennese antique dealer Alfred Kolhammer, she returned to Cholina on January 26, 2009 and was restored in 2010.
- Svatá voda chapel, west of the village by a spring, built in 1693
- Rectory, it was built between 1732 and 1734 when the Cholina Fortress was rebuilt. A sundial with the inscription TRANSEUNT ET IMPUTANTUR has been on the wall facing the parish garden since 1740 . The statue of St. John of Nepomuk on the risalit between the windows was created in 1746.
- Baroque statue of St. Barbara at the church, she was in 1715 by Johann Sturmer created
- Atonement Cross, erected at the beginning of the 17th century
- Stone cross in front of the rectory
- Niche chapel from the 19th century, next to the atonement cross
- Wayside shrine
- Hannakisches Heimatkundemuseum (Local History Museum) , it was created in the 1950s from the props collection of the amateur theater
- Memorial stone for the victims of both world wars
- Former cultural center Záloženská dvorana , the representative building was built in 1924 as the joint seat of the Sparkasse and the loan office of the Raiffeisen Cooperative . It was reconstructed in 1980 and 1993. After a beam fire in the chimney on New Year's Eve 1993, the cultural center was closed in mid-1994. Since then it has been used as a furniture store and toilet.
- Birthplace of the brothers Valentin and Václav Šindler
Sons and daughters of the church
- Josef Svozil (1847–1931), politician of the Agrarian Party, member of the Imperial Council, editor-in-chief of the Selské listy and father of the writer Herma Svozilová-Johnová.
- Jan Smyčka (1855–1927), doctor and personality of the National Revival, mayor of Litovel
- Valentin Šindler (1885–1957), tenor and actor, author of the Hannak folk character stréček Matěj Křópal z Břochovan
- Václav Šindler (1893-1952), the actor and emcee came under the figure of Jozefek Melhoba on
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/502839/Cholina
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Místopisný rejstřík obcí českého Slezska a severní Moravy (pp. 208–209) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.2 MB)
- ↑ http://tisk.cirkev.cz/z-domova/soska-madony-z-choliny-se-temer-po-13-letech-vrati-zpet-do-ceske- Republiky /
