Ferrari 125 F1
Constructor: | Scuderia Ferrari | ||||||||
Designer: |
Gioacchino Colombo Valerio Colotti Aurelio Lampredi |
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Predecessor: | Ferrari 125GP | ||||||||
Successor: | Ferrari 275F1 | ||||||||
Technical specifications | |||||||||
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Chassis: | conventional lead frame | ||||||||
Engine: | 1.5 V12 supercharged engine, 3.3 l V12 naturally aspirated engine |
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Length: | 3685 mm | ||||||||
Width: | 1400 mm | ||||||||
Height: | 1025 mm | ||||||||
Wheelbase: | 2160 mm (GP) 2320 mm (F1) |
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Weight: | 710 kg | ||||||||
Tires: | Pirelli | ||||||||
Petrol: | Shell | ||||||||
statistics | |||||||||
Driver: |
Raymond Sommer Luigi Villoresi Alberto Ascari Peter Whitehead (private)
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First start: | 1948 Italian Grand Prix | ||||||||
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World Cup points: | - | ||||||||
Podiums: | - | ||||||||
Leadership laps: | k. A. / tba |
The Ferrari 125 F1 was the first racing car designed only for use in the automobile and Formula 1 world championships as a "single-seater" ( monoposto ), which was built by Scuderia Ferrari . It was a further development of the Ferrari 125 S and was developed by Enzo Ferrari together with the designers Valerio Colotti and Gioacchino Colombo . The car originally had the designation 125 GPC for "Gran Premio Città" or "Grand Prix Compressore".
Development: design
The first sketches for a Formula 1 Ferrari (then “Formula Grand Prix”) were made in the early post-war years of the Second World War and came from Giuseppe Busso . When Gioacchino Colombo switched from Alfa Romeo to Ferrari, he discarded Busso's designs and developed his own concept. There were differences between the two designers, especially with regard to the design of the rear axle: Busso's design provided for a De-Dion axle , while Colombo favored the installation of a swing axle . Ferrari opted for the Colombo variant, although Tazio Nuvolari , who was often in Maranello , spoke several times of the “great properties” of the De Dion axles, which he knew from the pre-war Auto Union Type C. These differences of opinion led Busso to leave Ferrari to join Alfa.
The 125 F1 had worm and sector steering as well as drum brakes on all wheels, corresponding to the state of the art at the time. The original wheelbase of 2160 mm was increased to 2320 mm during the redesign from 1949. The chassis was a tubular space frame construction with cross members and sheet metal planking. Like the design of the gearbox, it came from Valerio Colotti.
The original chassis has been lost (it was used on a Ferrari 275F1 ) but an exact replica of the original Colombo engine is currently in the Museo Ferrari in Maranello.
Development: engine
The first version of the 125 F1 was powered by a 1.5 liter V12 engine (1497 cm³) designed by Colombo with a cylinder bank angle of 60 °. The engine had two valves per cylinder, a single overhead camshaft in each bank of cylinders and a Weber 40DOC3 or 50WCF carburetor. With a compression ratio of only 6.5: 1, the engine, charged by a single-stage Roots compressor , developed 230 hp (169; 227 hp) at 7000 rpm.
However, this concept was unable to produce the power required to compete with the powerful eight-cylinder Alfa Romeo 158 and the four-cylinder Maserati 4CLT . However, strong driving skills and an agile chassis made it possible for Ferrari to take third place with Raymond Sommer in its first appearance at the Italian Grand Prix in Parco del Valentino in Turin on September 5, 1948 .
For 1949, the engine was further modified with two overhead camshafts (but still two valves per cylinder) and a two-stage supercharger. This combination gave the car a better peak performance and the resulting 260–280 PS (191–206 kW; 256–276 PS) enabled five Grand Prix victories.
Development continued the following year, the problematic compressors were dropped in favor of a larger displacement and the "275" engine from Aurelio Lampredi (3.3 liters) replaced the original Colombo engine (1.5 liters).
rating
The development of the twelve-cylinder engine that Enzo Ferrari himself wanted was extremely complicated from the start. Especially in the charged version, it turned out to be cumbersome, heavy, handicapped due to excessive fuel consumption and a regular loss of power at high speeds due to "pulling" the compressor. Theoretically, the V12 could have reached a maximum of 10,000 rpm, but in practice it was never more than 7500 rpm because there was insufficient ignition. About a year after it was first introduced, an updated version of the 125 F1 appeared with two Roots compressors and two camshafts per cylinder bank driven by gears. That was an attempt to oppose Alfa Romeo and Maserati, which had significantly more powerful engines. The wheelbase has also been lengthened and the fuel tank enlarged to make it more competitive.
For the 1950 season, the new chief engineer made further modifications: Aurelio Lampredi rejected the use of the swing axle in favor of the De Dion rear axle. The four-speed gearbox now used was installed in a block with the differential, and the engine output could be increased to 280 hp. There were also some external changes that resulted in the car being similar to the future 375F1 .
gallery
Ferrari 125 S: The two-seater in "Barchetta" design was the direct predecessor of the Fromel-1 Monoposto
A 125 F1 at the 2017 Goodwood Festival of Speed .
statistics
Racing history
The 125 F1 debuted at the Italian Grand Prix in Turin on September 5, 1948 . Three cars were used which were driven by Prince Bira , Nino Farina and Raymond Sommer . Sommer qualified for the front row (then consisting of four vehicles) and was able to take third place in the race. Bira retired with a gearbox failure, Farina had an accident.
The 125 F1 achieved several victories in various racing series both with the Scuderia works drivers and in the hands of private drivers:
year | date | series | run | Place / route | driver |
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1948 | October 24th | Grand Prix | Circuito del Garda | Salò | Giuseppe Farina |
1949 | 3rd of July | Grande Épreuve | Swiss Grand Prix | Bremgarten | Alberto Ascari |
July 31 | Grand Prix | Zandvoort Grand Prix | Zandvoort | Luigi Villoresi | |
20th of August | Grand Prix | Daily Express International Trophy | Silverstone | Alberto Ascari | |
September 11 | Grande Épreuve | Italian Grand Prix | Monza | Alberto Ascari | |
25th of September | Grand Prix | Czechoslovakian Grand Prix | Brno | Peter Whitehead | |
1950 | July 13th | Jersey Road Race | Saint Helier | Peter Whitehead | |
12. August | Ulster Trophy | Dundrod | Peter Whitehead | ||
October 1 | Formula Libre | Interstate Race | Interlagos | Chico Landi | |
1951 | January 27th | Formula Libre | São Paulo Grand Prix | Interlagos | Chico Landi |
May 20th | Governador Noguera Garcez Race | Interlagos | Chico Landi | ||
June 28th | Bõa Vista Grand Prix | Rio de Janeiro | Chico Landi |
Complete results in the automobile world championship
year | engine | tires | driver | run | |||||||
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1950 | Ferrari 125 F1 1.5 V12 | D. | Peter Whitehead | DNS | 3 | 7th | |||||
P | Luigi Villoresi | DNF | DNF | 6th | |||||||
Alberto Ascari | 2 | DNF | |||||||||
Raymond Summers | 4th | ||||||||||
1951 | Ferrari 125 F1 1.5 V12 | D. | Peter Whitehead | DNF | DNF | ||||||
P | DNF | ||||||||||
1952 | Ferrari 166 F2 2.0 V12 | D. | Peter Whitehead | 10 | DNQ |
Source: Steve Small: The Guinness Complete Grand Prix Who's Who (1994) . Guinness, 1994, ISBN 0-85112-702-9 , pp. 37, 357, 388 and 400.
Post-war Grandes-Épreuves results
year | team | engine | driver | run | ||||
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1948 | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 125 F1 1.5 V12 | Raymond Summers | 3 | DNA | |||
Prince Bira | NC | |||||||
Giuseppe Farina | DNF | DNA | ||||||
1949 | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 125 F1 1.5 V12 | Alberto Ascari | 3 | 1 | WD | 1 | |
Luigi Villoresi | 2 | 2 | DNF | DNF | ||||
Felice Bonetto | DNF | |||||||
Raymond Summers | 5 | |||||||
Dudley Folland | 8th* | |||||||
Private driver | Ferrari 125 F1 1.5 V12 | Peter Whitehead | 8th* | 9 | ||||
4th | 3 | DNF |
* Points are shared by changing drivers on the same vehicle. (English: "Shared drive")
Legend | ||
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colour | abbreviation | meaning |
gold | - | victory |
silver | - | 2nd place |
bronze | - | 3rd place |
green | - | Placement in the points |
blue | - | Classified outside the point ranks |
violet | DNF | Race not finished (did not finish) |
NC | not classified | |
red | DNQ | did not qualify |
DNPQ | failed in pre-qualification (did not pre-qualify) | |
black | DSQ | disqualified |
White | DNS | not at the start (did not start) |
WD | withdrawn | |
Light Blue | PO | only participated in the training (practiced only) |
TD | Friday test driver | |
without | DNP | did not participate in the training (did not practice) |
INJ | injured or sick | |
EX | excluded | |
DNA | did not arrive | |
C. | Race canceled | |
no participation in the World Cup | ||
other | P / bold | Pole position |
SR / italic | Fastest race lap | |
* | not at the finish, but counted due to the distance covered |
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() | Streak results | |
underlined | Leader in the overall standings |
literature
- Antoine Prunet: Ferrari sports and racing car prototypes . Motorbuch Verlag, 1987, ISBN 3-87943-930-3 .
Web links
- FERRARI 125 F1: INTO THE LEGEND Pictures and information, accessed on April 30, 2020 (en)
- statsf1.com Information on use in the F1 (from 1950), accessed on April 30, 2020 (de)
- The Sound of Legendary Ferrari 125/166 Ferrari 125/166 (naturally aspirated version) at the 2017 Goodwood Festival of Speed, on YouTube , accessed April 30, 2020
- Informative “Seethru” illustration of the Ferrari 125 (here with supercharging).
Individual evidence
- ↑ gilcodesign.com: Ferrari125GPC. In: gilcodesign.com. Retrieved April 26, 2020 (Italian, English).
- ^ Leonardo Acerbi: Ferrari: All The Cars . Ed .: Haynes Publishing. Haynes Publishing, 2012, p. 9 .
- ↑ a b alfa-romeo-club.ch: Alfa-Romeo Personality Giuseppe Busso. (PDF) In: Kleeblatt 1/2012 (club magazine). Alfa Romeo Club Switzerland, 2012, accessed April 30, 2020 .
- ↑ a b mitorosso.com: 125 Single Stage F1. In: mitorosso.com. Retrieved April 26, 2020 (English).
- ↑ The Jersey Road Race 1950 was a Formula 1 race without world championship status , which was held on July 9, 1950 on the Saint Helier Circuit in Saint Helier, Jersey. It was the twelfth race of the 1950 Formula 1 season.
- ↑ The Ulster Trophy 1950 was a Formula 1 race without world championship status, which was held on August 12, 1950 on the Dundrod Circuit in Northern Ireland.
- ↑ Interlagos (Formula Libre) (English)
- ↑ Interlagos - List of Races (English)
- ^ South American Formula Libre / Temporada Races 1946-1952. Retrieved May 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Leonardo Acerbi: Ferrari: A Complete Guide to All Models . MBI Publishing Company LLC, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7603-2550-6 ( google.de [accessed May 1, 2020]).
- ^ Ferrari 125 F1 - Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 1, 2020 (American English).