List of Heads of State 1932

Overview
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Africa

• Egypt (British Protectorate 1914–1936)
  • Head of State: King Fuad I (1917–1936) (Sultan until 1922)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ismail Sedki Pascha (1930–1933, 1946 )
  • British High Commissioner : Percy Lyham Loraine (1929–1933)

• Ethiopia
  • Head of State and Government: Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974) (1916–1930 regent, 1936–1941 in exile)

• Liberia
  • Head of State and Government: President Edwin Barclay (1930–1944) (until January 4, 1932 acting)

• South Africa
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
    • Governor General : George Villiers, 6th Earl of Clarendon (1931–1937)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister J.BM Hertzog (1924–1939)

America

North America

• Canada
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
    • Governor General : Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough (1931–1935)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Richard Bedford Bennett (1930–1935)

• Mexico
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Pascual Ortiz Rubio (1930–4 September 1932)
    • President Abelardo L. Rodríguez (September 4, 1932–1934)

• Newfoundland
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
    • Governor :
      • John Middleton (1928-September 1932)
      • David Murray Anderson (October 20, 1932–1934)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Richard Squires ( 1919-1923 , 1928-June 1932)
    • Prime Minister Frederick C. Alderdice ( 1928 , June 1932–1934)

• United States of America
  • Head of State and Government: President Herbert Hoover (1929–1933)

Central America

• Costa Rica
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Cleto González Víquez ( 1960–1910 , 1928– May 8, 1932)
    • President Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno ( 1910–1914, 1924–1928 , May 8, 1932–1936)

• Dominican Republic
  • Head of State and Government: President Rafael Trujillo (1930–1938, 1942–1952 )

• El Salvador
  • Head of State and Government: President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1931–1934, 1935–1944 )

• Guatemala
  • Head of State and Government: President Jorge Ubico Castañeda (1931–1944)

• Haiti (occupied by the USA 1915–1934)
  • Head of State and Government: President Sténio Vincent (1930–1941)

• Honduras
  • Head of State and Government: President Vicente Mejía Colindres ( 1919 , 1929–1933)

• Cuba
  • Head of State and Government: President Gerardo Machado (1925–1933)

• Nicaragua
  • Head of State and Government: President José María Moncada Tapia (1929–1933)

• Panama
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované (1931– June 5, 1932)
    • President Harmodio Arias Madrid (June 5, 1932–1936)

South America

• Argentina
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President José Félix Uriburu (1930–20 February 1932) (acting)
    • President Agustín Pedro Justo (February 20, 1932–1938)

• Bolivia
  • Head of State and Government: President Daniel Salamanca Urey (1931–1934)

• Brazil
  • Head of State and Government: President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945, 1951–1954 ) (acting until 1934)

• Chile
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Juan Esteban Montero Rodríguez (1931– June 4, 1932)
    • President Arturo Puga Osorio (June 4, 1932– June 16, 1932)
    • President Carlos Dávila (June 16, 1932– September 13, 1932)
    • President Bartolomeo Blanche Espejo (September 13, 1932– October 20, 1932) ( Acting )
    • President Abraham Oyanedel Urrutia (October 2, 1932– December 24, 1932) ( Acting )
    • President Arturo Alessandri ( 1920–1924, 1925 , December 24, 1932–1938)

• Ecuador
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno ( 1912, 1916–1920 , 1931–27 August 1932) (acting)
    • President Carlos Freile Larrea (August 27, 1932– September 2, 1932) (acting)
    • President Alberto Guerrero Martínez (September 2, 1932– December 5, 1932)
    • President Juan de Dios Martínez Mera (December 5, 1932–1933)

• Colombia
  • Head of State and Government: President Enrique Olaya Herrera (1930–1934)

• Paraguay
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President José Patricio Guggiari (1928– August 15, 1932)
    • President Eusebio Ayala ( 1923–1924, 1924–1928 , August 15, 1932–1936)

• Peru
  • Head of State: President Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro ( 1930–1931 , 1931–1933)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Germán Arenas y Loayza ( 1918–1919 , 1931–28 January 1932)
    • Prime Minister Francisco R. Lanatta Ramírez (January 29, 1932– April 13, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Luis Angel Flores (April 13, 1932– May 20, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Ricardo Rivadeneyra Barnuevo (May 21, 1932- December 24, 1932)
    • Prime Minister José Matías Manzanilla Barrientos (December 24, 1932–1933)

• Uruguay
  • Head of State and Government: President Gabriel Terra (1931–1938)

• Venezuela
  • Head of State and Government: President Juan Vicente Gómez ( 1909–1910, 1910–1914, 1922–1929 , 1931–1935)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

• Bhutan
  • Ruler: King Jigme Wangchuk (1926–1952)

• China
  • Head of State: Chairman of the National Government Lin Sen (1931–1943)
  • Head of Government:
    • Chairman of Executive Yuan Sun Fo (1931– January 28, 1932)
    • Chairman of Executive Yuan Wang Jingwei (January 28, 1932–1935)

• British India
  • Emperor : George V (1910–1936)
  • Viceroy : Freeman Freeman-Thomas (1931–1936)

• Japan
  • Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi (1931–16 May 1932)
    • (incumbent) Finance Minister Takahashi Korekiyo (May 16 – May 26, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Saitō Makoto (May 26, 1932–1934)

• Manchukuo (controversial)
  • Head of State: President Puyi (February 18, 1932–1945)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zheng Xiaoxu (February 18, 1932–1935)

• Nepal
  • Head of State: King Tribhuvan (1911–1955)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Bhim Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1929–1932)
    • Prime Minister Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1932–1945)

• Siam (today: Thailand)
  • Head of State: King Rama VII (1925–1935)
  • Head of Government: President of the Public Committee Phraya Manopakorn Nititada (June 28, 1932–1933)

Middle East

• Iraq
  • Head of State: King Faisal I (October 3, 1932–1933)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Nuri as-Said (October 3 - October 27, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Naji Shawkat (November 3, 1932–1933)

• Yemen
  • Ruler: King Yahya bin Muhammad (1918–1948)

• Persia (today: Iran)
  • Head of State: Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925–1941)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mehdi Qoli Khan Hedayat (Mokhber-ol Saltaneh) (1927–1933)

• Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia founded on September 23, 1932)
  • Head of state and head of government: King Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud (1932–1953)

• Transjordan (today: Jordan )
  • Ruler: Emir Abdallah ibn Husain I (1921–1951)

Central Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Head of State: King Mohammed Nadir Shah (1929–1933)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan (1929–1946)

• Mongolia
  • Head of State:
    • Chairman of the Great State Chural Losolyn Laagan (1930–2 July 1932)
    • Chairman of the Great State of Chural Anandyn Amar (July 2, 1932–1936)
  • Head of Government:
    • Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Tsengeltiin Djigjiddschaw (1930–2 July 1932)
    • Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Peldschidiin Genden (July 2, 1932–1936)

• Tibet (controversial)
  • Ruler: Dalai Lama Thubten Gyatso (1913–1933)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
  • Governor General: Isaac Isaacs (1931–1936)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister James Scullin (1929–6 January 1932)
    • Prime Minister Joseph Lyons (January 6, 1932-1939)

• New Zealand
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
  • Governor General: Viscount Charles Bathurst (1930–1935)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister George Forbes (1930–1935)

Europe

• Albania
  • Head of State: King Ahmet Zogu (1925–1939, 1943–1946 )
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Pandeli Evangjeli ( 1921 , 1930–1935)

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • President of France :
      • Paul Doumer (1931-1932)
      • Albert Lebrun (1932–1940)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Justí Guitart i Vilardebò (1920–1940)

• Belgium
  • Head of State: King Albert I (1909–1934)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Jules Renkin (1931-22 October 1932)
    • Prime Minister Charles Comte de Broqueville ( 1911–1918 , October 22, 1932–1934)

• Bulgaria
  • Head of State: Tsar Boris III. (1918–1943)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Nikola Muschanow (1931–1934)

• Denmark
  • Head of State: King Christian X (1912–1947) (1918–1944 King of Iceland)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Thorvald Stauning ( 1924–1926 , 1929–1942)

• German Empire
  • Head of State: President Paul von Hindenburg (1925–1934)
  • Head of Government:
    • Reich Chancellor Heinrich Brüning (1930–30 May 1932)
    • Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen (June 1 - November 17, 1932)
    • Chancellor Kurt von Schleicher (December 4, 1932–1933)

• Estonia
  • Head of State and Government:
    • State Elder Konstantin Päts ( 1921–1922, 1923–1924 , 1931–19 February 1932, 1932–1933, 1933–1940 ) (1918–1919, 1934–1937 Prime Minister)
    • State Elder Jaan Teemant ( 1926–1927 , February 19, 1932– July 19, 1932)
    • State Elder Kaarel Eenpalu (July 19, 1932– November 1, 1932)
    • State Elder Konstantin Päts ( 1921–1922, 1923–1924, 1931–1932 , November 1, 1932–1933, 1933–1940 ) (1918–1919, 1934–1937 Prime Minister)

• Finland
  • Head of State: President Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (1931–1937) (1917–1918, 1930–1931 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Juho Sunila ( 1927–1928 , 1931–14 December 1932)
    • Prime Minister Toivo Kivimäki (December 14, 1932–1936)

• France
  • Head of State:
    • President Paul Doumer (1931– May 7, 1932)
    • President André Tardieu (May 7, 1932– May 10, 1932) (acting) (1929–1930, 1930, 1932 President of the Council of Ministers)
    • President Albert Lebrun (May 10, 1932–1940)
  • Head of Government:
    • President of the Council of Ministers Pierre Laval (1931–20 February 1932, 1935–1936, 1942–1944 )
    • President of the Council of Ministers André Tardieu ( 1929–1930, 1930 , February 20, 1932– June 3, 1932) (1932 President)
    • President of the Council of Ministers Édouard Herriot ( 1924–1925, 1926 , June 3, 1932– December 18, 1932)
    • President of the Council of Ministers Joseph Paul-Boncour (December 18, 1932–1933)

• Greece
  • Head of State: President Alexandros Zaimis (1929–1935) (1897–1899, 1901–1902, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1926–1928 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos ( 1910–1915, 1915, 1916–1917, 1917–1920, 1924–1924 , 1928–26 May 1932, 1932, 1933 )
    • Prime Minister Alexandros Papanastasiou ( 1924 , May 26, 1932– June 5, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos ( 1910–1915, 1915, 1916–1917, 1917–1920, 1924–1924, 1928–1932 , June 5, 1932– November 4, 1932, 1933 )
    • Prime Minister Panagis Tsaldaris (November 4, 1932–1933, 1933–1935 )

• Ireland
  • Head of State: King George V (1922–1936)
    • Governor General
    • James McNeill (1928– November 1, 1932)
    • Domhnall Ua Buachalla (November 26, 1932–1936)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister William Thomas Cosgrave (1922–9 March 1932)
    • Prime Minister Éamon de Valera (March 9, 1932–1948, 1951–1954, 1957–1959 ) (President 1959–1973)

• Italy
  • Head of State: King Viktor Emanuel III. (1900-1946)
  • Head of Government: Duce Benito Mussolini (1922–1943)

• Yugoslavia
  • Head of State: King Alexander I (1921–1934)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Petar Živković (1929–4 April 1932)
    • Prime Minister Vojislav Marinković (April 4, 1932– July 6, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Milan Srškić (July 6, 1932–1934)

• Latvia
  • Head of State: President Alberts Kviesis (1930–1936)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Marģers Skujenieks ( 1926–1928 , 1931–1933)

• Liechtenstein
  • Head of State: Prince Franz I (1929–1938)
  • Head of Government Josef Hoop (1928–1945)

• Lithuania
  • Head of State: President Antanas Smetona ( 1918–1920 , 1926–1940)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Juozas Tūbelis (1929–1938)

• Luxembourg
  • Head of State: Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919–1964) (1940–1945 in exile)
  • Head of Government: Minister of State Joseph Bech (1926–1937, 1953–1958 )

• Monaco
  • Head of State: Prince Louis II (1922–1949)
  • Head of Government:
    • Minister of State Maurice Piette (1923 – January 1932)
    • Minister of State Henri Mauran (January 1932 – June 1932, 1937 ) (acting)
    • Minister of State Maurice Bouillaux-Lafont (June 1932–1937)

• Netherlands
  • Head of State: Queen Wilhelmina (1890–1948) (1940–1945 in exile)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck ( 1918–1925 , 1929–1933)

• Norway
  • Head of State: King Haakon VII (1906–1957) (1940–1945 in exile)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Peder Kolstad (1931–5 March 1932)
    • Prime Minister Birger Braadland (February 1, 1932– February 29, 1932, 1932 ) (acting)
    • Prime Minister Nils Trædal (February 29, 1932– March 10, 1932) (acting)
    • Prime Minister Birger Braadland ( 1932 , March 10, 1932– March 14, 1932) (acting)
    • Prime Minister Jens Hundseid (March 14, 1932–1933)

• Austria
  • Head of State: Federal President Wilhelm Miklas (1928–1938)
  • Head of Government:
    • Federal Chancellor Karl Buresch (1931–20 May 1932)
    • Federal Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuß (May 20, 1932–1934)

• Poland
  • Head of State: President Ignacy Mościcki (1926–1939)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Aleksander Prystor (1931–1933)

• Portugal
  • Head of State: President António Óscar de Fragoso Carmona (1926–1951)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister: Domingos da Costa e Oliveira (1930–5 July 1932)
    • Prime Minister: António de Oliveira Salazar (July 5, 1932–1968)

• Romania
  • Head of State: King Charles II (1930–1940)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Nicolae Iorga (1931–6 June 1932)
    • Prime Minister Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (June 6 - October 19, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Iuliu Maniu (October 19, 1932–1933)

• San Marino
  • Capitani Reggenti :
    • Domenico Suzzi Valli ( 1909, 1913–1914, 1928 , 1931–1 April 1932) and Marino Morri ( 1927 , 1931–1 April 1932, 1935–1936, 1939 )
    • Giuliano Gozi ( 1923, 1926–1927 , April 1, 1932– October 1, 1932, 1937, 1941–1942 ) and Pompeo Righi (April 1, 1932– October 1, 1932, 1935–1936, 1939 )
    • Gino Gozi ( 1927 , October 1, 1932–1933, 1936, 1941 ) and Ruggero Morri ( 1926–1927 , October 1, 1932–1933, 1936 )

• Sweden
  • Head of State: King Gustav V (1907–1950)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Carl Gustaf Ekman (1930–6 August 1932)
    • Prime Minister Felix Hamrin (August 6 - September 24, 1932)
    • Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson (September 24, 1932–1936)

• Switzerland
  • Federal President : Giuseppe Motta ( 1915, 1920, 1927 , 1932, 1937 )
  • Federal Council :
    • Giuseppe Motta (1911-1940)
    • Edmund Schulthess (1912-1935)
    • Jean-Marie Musy (1920-1934)
    • Heinrich Häberlin (1920–1934)
    • Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1929-1944)
    • Albert Meyer (1930–1938)
    • Rudolf Minger (1930–1940)

Soviet Union

• Head of State: Chairman of the Central Executive Committee Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (1922–1946)
  • Head of Government (nominal) : Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (1930–1941)
  • Head of Government (de facto) : General Secretary of the CPSU Josef Stalin (1922–1953)

• Spain
  • Head of State: President Niceto Alcalá Zamora (1931–1936)
  • Head of Government: President Manuel Azaña (1931–1933)

• Czechoslovakia
  • Head of State: President Tomáš Masaryk (1918–1935)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister František Udržal (1929–24 October 1932)
    • Prime Minister Jan Malypetr (October 29, 1932–1935)

• Turkey
  • Head of State: President Mustafa Kemal (1923–1938)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister İsmet İnönü (1925–1937)

• Hungary
  • Head of State: Imperial Administrator Miklós Horthy (1920–1944)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Count Gyula Károlyi (1931–4 October 1932)
    • Prime Minister Gyula Gömbös (October 4, 1932–1936)

• Vatican city
  • Head of State: Pope Pius XI. (1929-1939)

• United Kingdom
  • Head of State: King George V (1910–1936)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald (1929–1935)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares