Sophie de Bawr
Alexandrine- Sophie Goury de Champ Grand , divorced de Saint-Simon , widowed de BAWRs (* 8. October 1773 in Paris ; † 31 December 1860 the same place) was a French composer , theater - and Roman author .
Life
Virginie Ancelot wrote of Sophie de Bawr: “If you could say everything, your eventful life would make a more interesting novel than the novels she wrote (…)” Sophie's youth was marked by three “love disasters ”. But the secret of how this happened exactly took her to the grave. Very few representations of their life keep facts and fables sufficiently apart.
Daughter of a game club operator
Sophie was born out of wedlock. Her father Charles-Jean Goury de Champ Grand (1732-1799) was a dragoon officer in the Seven Years' War adjutant been several military leaders and in their birth to Ludwig Ritter appointed. On the other hand, he seems to have assumed the title of marquis . The 40,000 livres rent that he is said to have had at times had been acquired through speculation . After being made lieutenant colonel in 1779, he does not appear to have done any military service. He had interrupted this earlier and published books on hunting . In the 1780s he was one of the most active painting dealers. In 1783 he accompanied the future Duke of Orléans to England.
Sophie's mother Madeleine-Virginie Vian, who is said to have been a singer, does not exist in the archives of the Paris Opera . It is said that two years after Sophie's birth she went to Russia and married a nobleman there. Sophie's godmother, the witty opera singer and libertine Sophie Arnould (1744–1802), who Sophie later smuggled into one of her historical novels, regardless of the chronology, was all the better known . A biographer Sophie Arnoulds writes: " Demoiselle V., a friend of Sophie, had come down and asked the latter to be the child's godmother (...)" According to the same source, the godfather was one of Sophie Arnould's illegitimate sons. If Sophie had in fact also been an illegitimate child of Sophie Arnould, as Olivier Blanc speculated, the gossip press would have found out. In addition, a daughter of Sophie Arnould already had the first name Alexandrine-Sophie. An older daughter of Champgrand named Henriette is said to have been even more beautiful than Sophie. Allegedly she died of tuberculosis at the age of 16. But there is also a statement by Sophie that Henriette stood by her (who was pregnant at the time) in 1794. Before the revolution, the sisters were sometimes allowed to take part in celebrations held for the sons of the Duke of Orléans in Monceaux .
In 1785, Sophie's father is said to have speculated on shares in the French East India Company . At the same time he moved into two superimposed apartments in the arcade wing of the Palais-Royal , which the Duke of Orléans had built. Below that is the Café Corrazza, which opened in 1787 . On the 1st floor, Champgrand, who lived on the 2nd floor, ran the Club des Arcades gaming room. Sophie Arnould seems to have participated. The management of such an establishment was not dishonorable at the time. In addition, everything in the Club des Arcades was evidently right. But it is also said that the vernacular called it Club du Pince-Cul (brothel club) . 1785–1788 Sophie's father is said to have been an associate of an alleged son of the Austrian State Chancellor Kaunitz , Berchtold Graf Proli. In 1786 he made half and half with this when buying paintings for 170,000 livres. At that time Proli lived in a room in Champgrand's apartment. The plantation owner Louis-Marie-Joseph Aucane from Martinique is said to have provided capital for his club in 1787 .
Proli's friend Busscher de l'Épinoy often came to Champgrand to hear his children make music. Élise Gagne attributes to Sophie an exceptional ability to memorize notes and imitate actors. She received composition lessons from André-Ernest-Modeste Grétry and singing lessons from Pierre-Jean Garat . But she is said to have lost her beautiful voice early on. After all, she had enough of it that around 1810 she was able to successfully perform as a soubrette in the house of the painter Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun . And at the age of 86 she sang a self-set romance by Alfred de Musset on the piano . It is not known whether Sophie was brought up in a convent school or a boarding school and what lessons she received in humanities and natural sciences .
In 1789, Champgrand took part in the revolution. Aucane is said to have acquired the majority of shares in the Club des Arcades , which in 1790 was the most popular gaming room in the Palais-Royal. The palace - renamed Maison-Égalité in 1792 - became the headquarters of the Black Gang , which bought up the properties of the clergy and emigrants , which had been declared national assets. Sophie's father bought a national property in Saint-Mandé himself . G. Lenotre claimed that ". Champ Grand belonged strange to those frivolous, skeptical, pleasure funny, just quite misguided people, for whom the revolution was only a temporary festive bustle" In his salon frequented artists such as Grétry , but especially politicians from the environment of the Duke of Orléans (then Philippe Égalité ), whose most important agent is Sophie's father. Richard Khaitzine writes: "Goury de Champgrand stood together with his daughter (...) at the center of the political history of the revolution and received all who gathered under the banner of the Montagnards ."
Secret marriage to a prince
As a former associate of Proli, who was accused of being an agent for Austria, Champgrand was suspected of being his accomplice . He was arrested for this in 1793, but was released again. During a house search the former Prince Jules-Armand-Camille Guethenoc de Rohan-Rochefort (1770–1794) was found in Sophie's room . He had enlisted in the Revolutionary Army, but not taken on duty. He declared to be known and friends with "Citizen Champgrand". Gabriel Vauthier described reports as credible that the two had secretly married. As a result, Sophie's father was arrested again (for harboring a suspect).
Sophie was also courted by Proli, who is said to have changed domicile out of jealousy of Rohan. Before going into hiding, he seems to have visited the Champgrands many times. His former servant stated that this "happened more because of the daughter than because of the father". It was by no means about marriage for Proli. Champgrand, on the other hand, asserted that he rarely saw Proli. However, he recently dined once with the poet Fabre d'Églantine and twice with his daughter and the Grétry couple.
While her father and husband were in prison, Sophie was guarded at home by an invalid . Grétry, who wanted to bring works to the stage again, did not dare to record them. The widow and daughters of the Swedish miniature painter Peter Adolf Hall, on the other hand, who regarded Sophie as an “adopted daughter”, are said to have shared bread with her. Sophie, for her part, took care of the father in prison. In 1794 Proli was arrested and died under the guillotine . After a wallet of unknown content was found in Rohan's cell, he was also executed as an "agent abroad". Champgrand, on the other hand, survived Robespierre's rule , perhaps because he denied being a nobleman and because Sophie pleaded that he had taken part in the assault on the Bastille .
As a result, Sophie is said to have given birth to a son, but was not recognized as his widow by the Rohan family. According to their memories, Grétry spent the summer of 1796 with them in Saint-Mandé. The child is said to have lived only until 1797. There is a miniature portrait of him hugging his father's urn. Champgrand continued to run the Club des Arcades with four partners . According to Board member Barras , they probably worked with capital from Bourbon Spain . The gaming salons are said to have been breeding grounds for the counter-revolution throughout . When her father died in 1799, Sophie lost the national property that had not yet been paid off. She now lived with the Grétrys.
Marriage of convenience with a socialist
From August 7, 1801 to June 24, 1802 Sophie was married to the socialist Claude-Henri de Rouvroy, Count of Saint-Simon (1760-1825). The colonel and Knight of Ludwig had taken part in the American War of Independence and forged canal construction and campaign projects in various countries . After the revolution he renounced the title of count. As an associate of the Prussian ambassador in London , he had acquired national goods and sold them to farmers, not without becoming rich. His revolutionary zeal had gone so far that he wanted to turn the lead roofs of Notre-Dame into bullets. In the end, however, he too ended up in Revolutionary Prison.
Jules Michelet describes Saint-Simon as a handsome man with a big nose “à la Don Quixote ”. He lived “in the cynical freedom of a noble sans-culottes ”: “(...) even shops and women were obviously material for him for studies, for bold experiments .” In 1797 he separated from his business partner and joined the theophilanthropists . In 1798 he stayed in Montmorency , where Grétry had bought the former home of Rousseau . At that time he turned to the study of natural sciences. Allegedly, Champgrand confided his daughter to him on the death bed.
When Saint-Simon switched to the École de médecine after three years at the École polytechnique , he also wanted to get to know artists and bring them together with scholars. In order to realize this “philosophical project”, he needed a person to take on the role of the housewife (which his mistresses are said to have done before). According to Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard , "Mademoiselle de Champgrand" was perfectly suited to play the role mentioned, but was far from discussing his idea of social reform with Saint-Simon. At first he seems to have suggested that she move in as housekeeper, but in which capacity she could not have run a respected salon . Then he is said to have come up with a plan to enter into a three-year marriage and to settle Sophie in the subsequent divorce. He also seems to have come to terms with the fact that she did not sleep with him and was more interested in his brilliant foster son Siméon-Denis Poisson (1781–1840), whom he is said to have even asked to impregnate Sophie.
Léon Halévy writes: “An elegant apartment (...) on Rue Vivienne was the sanctuary dedicated to this novel experiment.” There, two evenings a week, people of the sciences, literature and the arts gathered and had names. Sophie is said to have contributed musicians and writers with the help of Grétrys and the playwright Pineux Duval , who were her best men, but this required Saint-Simon's approval in each case. One writer claimed that these invitations were debauched. Saint-Simon, on the other hand, told Halévy that Sophie “did the honors of his salon with great grace and spirit”. The whole thing came to him at 100,000 écus (300,000 francs).
The Peace of Amiens then enabled the philosopher to travel to England . The main reason he divorced earlier than planned, however, appears to have been that Madame de Staël became a widow. This gave the person filled with messianic sense of mission the idea of connecting with the brightest woman in Europe. Whether he actually went to Geneva to propose to the writer is questionable. The early divorce was also attributed to the fact that Saint-Simon had run out of money or was disappointed with Sophie. On the other hand, it is said that he only got through the rest of his fortune afterwards or cried during the divorce and continued to pursue Sophie. For her part, she is said to have thought the husband was crazy and turned down the promised pension. According to Halévy, Saint-Simon rarely spoke about the ex-wife, "but always with the expression of appreciation and respect". From himself only the sentence has been handed down: "(...) I used marriage as a means to study the scholars (...)"
Love marriage with a tragic outcome
After the first two marriages, which Sophie remembers, she concluded a third in 1806 with the five years younger, industrialist Alexandre de Bawr (1778-1810) , who was educated in Switzerland . He was a son of the Russian Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm von Bauer , and rumor has it that he was also his grandson. (Some German versions of her novels wrongly call Sophie "Generalin Bauer".)
After the wedding, Bawr lost his fortune, which had secured him a pension of 20,000 francs, and became head of the Napoleon's tax office. In 1810, a traffic accident put an early end to the love affair: Bawr came under a horse-drawn cart while walking. His widow received 2000 francs severance pay. Bawr's creditors gave her another 15,000 francs. Not only did she have to earn a living again, she also had to look after a boy named Vernier who had been adopted by Bawr . Later she enjoyed his children, especially the painter Paul Vernier, who died early. She remained Madame de Bawr, but was also called Baroness or Countess.
Little is known about Sophie's later life. Prosper Blanchemain wrote: "She will write novels, but never see any more." In 1813 she got a job as an editor at the Gazette de France , for which she wrote literary articles. In 1814/15 it reported to Emperor Alexander I of Russia about the cultural life of Paris, but it seems to have received nothing more than a clasp with diamonds. 1818 granted her Louis XVIII. a pension of 600 francs, which Charles X increased to 2,100 francs in 1825 and which was confirmed by Interior Minister Ledru-Rollin after the February Revolution . In 1836, Étienne-Jean Delécluze wrote about Sophie: “(...) she speaks as witty and simply as she writes. She is usually reasonably cheerful, although her often bitter life has almost always been excessively busy. ”Élise Gagne reports that Sophie suffered from nervousness , extreme mood swings and poor health. Her joy was a small garden next to her apartment.
Create
See catalog raisonné.
When Sophie lived with the Grétrys, she wrote or set romances to music, which Garat's lecture is said to have made popular. Part of it is drawn with Saint-Simon or de Bawr, i.e. it was only published after 1801 or 1806.
Comedies and melodramas
After the divorce, Sophie wanted to write the libretto and music for an opera comique , but shied away from the “steps particularly reluctant to the pride and vulnerability of a woman” that would have required a performance at the Théâtre national de l'Opéra-Comique. She wrote a comedy called Argent et adresse ou Le petit mensonge (Money and Cunning or The Little Lie), which was a success at the Théâtre Louvois . The young Derval with his 1000 Écus pension loves a young girl, but Hortence is supposed to marry the 50-year-old Couprin, who is even richer than her. The happy ending is brought about by the cunning Saint-Firmin, who pretends to Couprin that Derval wants to lend him 100,000 francs interest-free. The house mentioned also performed Sophie's second play, La Matinée du jour (The Morning of the Day) , but this time there were only two performances. Le Rival obligeant (The courteous rival) was played at the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique . The two more successful comedies went to print as works by Citoyen *** (Bürger ***) and M (onsieur) *** . In the game boards they are said to have been attributed to a Monsieur François .
For the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, Sophie also wrote works of the new art genre melodrama with self-composed music (which has not been preserved). These are Les Chevaliers du Lion (The Lion Knights), Le Revenant de Bérézule (The Revenant of B.) and Léon ou Le Château de Montaldi (L. or The Castle of M.). The most successful was Les Chevaliers du Lion, which takes place in medieval Swabia and is inspired by horror literature . Count Conrad has his brother poisoned and his little son disappeared. Then he accuses his sister-in-law Clotilde of the act and calls the lion knights to help, who exercise a kind of justice for revenge. But he is exposed and brought to justice. The melodrama, loosened up by comical scenes, stayed on the program for two years. From now on Sophie published her works as M (ada) me ***.
The comedies L'Argent du voyage ou L'Oncle inconnu (The travel money or The Unknown Uncle) and L'Oncle rival (The uncle as a rival) were performed at the Théâtre de l'Odéon , that of the Théâtre de Sa Majesté l'Impératrice et Reine , Le double stratagème (The double game) again at the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique. In L'Argent du voyage, a young American in Paris gets into bad company and wastes his uncle's money on balls and at the gaming table - a world Sophie knew from personal experience. In Le double stratagème, a 40-year-old who wants to marry an 18-year-old notices that her 30-year-old aunt suits him better - whereupon it turns out that his bride also loves someone else. The Opéra-comique Un Quart d'heure de dépit (A quarter of an hour of trouble) was accepted by the Théâtre national de l'Opéra-Comique, but not performed. After that, Sophie gave up her efforts to establish herself as a composer.
The actor Talma advised her to write comedies for the Comédie-Française . There she had immediate success in 1813 with La Suite d'un bal masqué (The Trial or the Consequences of a Masquerade) . This is because the famous Mademoiselle Mars took over the role of the widowed Madame de Belmont, who is paired up with her opponent in litigation by her friend Madame de Mareuil. By 1869, La Suite d'un bal masqué had 243 performances. Julien-Louis Geoffroy wrote that the piece was Marivaux without its manners . Jules Janin called it "a festival of the mind and the heart". According to Perry Gethner, Sophie destroyed traditional images of women in the work - that of the stupid, frivolous coquette (Madame de Mareuil) and that of the rural, inexperienced provincial woman (Madame de Belmont) - and forced the audience to take women's problems more seriously.
The success, however, was not repeated for a long time: La Méprise (The Misunderstanding) achieved a total of five performances, despite the participation of Mademoiselle Mars. La Correspondance (The Correspondence) even had to be withdrawn after the premiere, L'Ami de tout le monde (Everyone's Friend) after only two performances. In 1834 Mélesville and his half-brother Charles Duveyrier reworked Sophie's story Michel Perrin into a successful vaudeville comedy. Sophie herself was only able to celebrate another triumph with Charlotte Brown (Baron Braunthal) in 1835 . The theme of this comedy, which was the first to appear under the name M (ada) me de Bawr , is overcoming the barriers of class: A count pretends to be a shoemaker's daughter as a countess so that his father agrees to the marriage of the two. When Mademoiselle Mars gave up the title role, the work underwent five redesigns. It was taken up again at the instigation of the actor Monrose , who loved his role as cobbler Brown. Sophie's last play Le petit commissionnaire (The Errand Boy) was never performed, if not unprinted.
In her memoirs, she describes the difficulties a woman faced while working for the stage. But she also complains about her lack of skill and knowledge: “(...) I felt only too well that I lacked the energy for the design and execution; Furthermore, it was not at all given to me to sprinkle those ingenious words into a work that provoke applause and carry on a piece to the end. I only had a certain naturalness in my weak inventions and a certain truth of the dialogue, which often saved me from failing, but were by far not enough to ever hope for a brilliant success. "
Novels
Gabriel Vauthier denied any literary value in the ten novels Sophie published from 1817 onwards. But they found their audience, as reviews , new editions and translations show. While the four moral novels are not related to one another, the six historical novels , which were written under the influence of Walter Scott and are each dedicated to a century from the late Middle Ages to the present, form a cycle .
The first category includes Auguste et Fréderic (love status and seriousness of love), who is still marked with Madame de B *** . Auguste sacrifices wealth and lover to his friend Frédéric, but is happy with the virtuous Charlotte. The flirtatious Amélie, on the other hand, cheats on Frédéric and finds the punishment he deserves. In the words of one reviewer: "(...) a pistol shot (...) pierces her beautiful chest, which she had carelessly wrapped in men's clothing to follow one of her lovers (...)" Subsequently, Charlotte takes care of Amélie's child, and the divided friends are reconciled.
The historical novel Le Novice (The Novice ) tells the story of Robert, who is supposed to become a monk , but goes to the Castilian civil war under Bertrand du Guesclin out of love for Julienne disguised as a man . After Julienne's husband appears to have died in battle, she agrees to marry Robert. But the man who was believed to be dead reappears, “takes the dagger (...) and pierces his wife's chest. Robert draws the sword, lunges at the murderer and stretches him down at the feet of his victim. "Then he goes to the monastery. A German reviewer found the disaster brought about somewhat violently, a French reviewer was also shocked that a woman lives as a man among men and a man loves this supposed man.
Raoul, ou L'Énéide (R. and the Aeneid ) has in common with Balzac's La Peau de chagrin ( The Chagrin Leather ) that a talisman determines the event - in this case an edition of the epic of Virgil . The protagonist receives this ribbon as a gift, loses it, finds it again, sells it to save a friend's life, loses a lover because of it ... While Alida de Savignac described the work as a “flawless diamond ”, an anonymous review criticized the lack of one Relation to social reality, another (like Saint-Simon once), Sophie lacks Madame de Staël's interest in philosophy.
In a later phase of the Hundred Years' War as Le Novice plays Les Flavy (The Flavy family). Germaine loves her cousin Regnault from the English camp, but who prefers her sister Marie. Germaine renounces her luck and helps the couple to escape. Her father, who is loyal to France, kills Regnault, but is in turn killed by Germaine's stepmother. In the end, Germaine takes care of Regnault and Marie's child. A contemporary literary critic expressed regret that there was no happy ending between the noble Germaine and her middle-class admirer Richard. A Dr. F. from Bamberg introduced his review of the book with the remark that a writer trumpets the death of her femininity into the world like a singing swan.
The background to La Fille d'honneur (The Maid of Honor) is the Huguenot Wars , which Mérimée and Scribe had already worked on in literary terms. Charles IX hangs on Antoinette, a maid of honor of his mother Catherine de Medici . But Antoinette loves the Protestant Octave, whose life she saves on Bartholomew 's Night. A truce in the religious war enables the lovers to unite. La fille d'honneur was published not only in German but also in English (with illustrations).
Robertine in the moral novel of the same name comes from a mesalliance . Her noble great-aunt only lets the seven-year-old lock her on the condition that it never appears. Although the maid of Marquise has an interest that the father Robert Ines disinherited, but succeeds in Cinderella to stir the heart of the old maid, they that the testament of her mistress destroyed. Eventually it even manages to get the great-aunt to forgive his father. François Barrière declared this novel without a love story to be Sophie's best. Another reviewer of the book acquitted her of the " hermaphroditism " of other women writers.
The heroine of Sabine grows up with Mademoiselle de Montpensier , in the camp of the Fronde against Louis XIV. She falls for the womanizer Étienne, while she feels only brotherly affection for the honest Albert. When she follows her mistress into exile, she sees Étienne again, who treats her coldly and later marries another. When she returned to Paris, she found a more worthy husband in Albert. In the Bibliographie catholique it was said that the work was "like all books by women sentimental " and that to the limit, where danger threatens.
Sophie's last historical novels Un mariage de finance (A money marriage) and La famille Récour (The R. family) are linked by the fact that a separated couple gets a second chance. Un mariage de finance is set in the 18th century. The commoner Félicité marries the beautiful Marquis Auguste and indulges in libertine in imitation of the nobility . Her poor cousin Apolline is expelled from the house and signs a marriage of convenience with an old duke . After he and Félicité died, Auguste and Apolline were married.
La famille Récour describes Empire and Restoration . Paul Récour loses his inheritance and his beloved Marie to an unworthy cousin. Out of a mixture of gratitude and pity, he takes his doctor's foolish daughter as his wife. In the end, not only do Paul and Marie marry, who are free again after the death of their partners, but also Marie's son and Paul's daughter. A British reviewer described the book as the best of the series, only the end falls off.
Sophie published the moral novel Une existence parisienne (A Parisian Life) at the age of 86. His protagonist Gustave, impoverished, has to do without his childhood sweetheart Micheline and becomes the secretary of a blind philanthropist . Then Micheline also becomes impoverished. Gustave's mentor Saint-Léon gives his protégé 200,000 francs from an uncle's inheritance. This is how Gustave and Micheline can get married. John Lemoinne scoffed that the book portrayed a world without original sin , but with ancestral bonlings who died in time.
Other writings
Sophie published her first stories under the title Histoires fausses et vraies (False and True Stories). Gavarni illustrated La romance de Nina (The romance of N.) , Monnier La Garde (The nurse) , Bertall the Nouveaux contes pour les enfants (New stories for children) . The story collection Soirées des jeunes personnes (evening entertainment of young people) drew the French Academy with a medal worth 2,000 francs from. The free translation of Fanny Burney's novel Cecilia has been further translated into German.
Sophie also wrote three parts of an Encyclopédie des dames ( encyclopedia for women), namely Cours de littérature ancienne (course of ancient literature) after La Harpe , Histoire de Charlemagne (history of Charlemagne ) and Histoire de la musique (history of music). Her not uncritical preoccupation with Charlemagne is perhaps related to the fact that her ex-husband Saint-Simon considered himself a descendant. The Histoire de la musique, which may be based on preliminary work by Jean-Baptiste Pujoulx, earned her the title of first woman music historian. The book was translated into German and (without naming the author ) into Italian. It doesn't mention a single female composer.
Under the title Mes souvenirs , Sophie published memories that are more a serious collection of anecdotes than an autobiography . One British reviewer wrote that her cursory sketches of the Society des Directoire gave a better idea of the implications of the revolution than pages of treatises. Sophie describes personalities of her acquaintance with great care, she only reveals personal things very selectively. She justifies the end of her theater career with the fact that the weaker sex - apart from exceptions like Madame de Staël or George Sand - cannot achieve anything great even with access to education. To survive as a playwright, you have to have strength, courage and perseverance - in short, be a man.
Catalog raisonné
Romances
- Le return, without a year
- La déclaration (Dis-moi ce que j'éprouve en approchant de toi?), Without a year
- Le besoin d'aimer (D'aimer besoin puissant), text by Madame Viot, no year
- Enfant des bois et des montagnes, without a year
- J'étais heureux à ce temps d'innocence, text by Boucher, no year
- À la mémoire d'un être chéri, music by Adolphe Salomon and F. Cardon, no year ( digitized )
Stage works
year | title | genus | premiere | theatre | Performers | pressure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1802 |
Argent et adresse ou Le petit mensonge |
Comédie, 1 act | 9th April | Théâtre Louvois | Comédiens de l'Odéon |
Par le Citoyen *** ( digitized version ) |
1802 |
La matinee du jour |
Comédie, 1 act | May 19th | Théâtre Louvois | - | |
1803 | Le rival obligeant | Comédie, 1 act | 5th July | Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique |
Par M. *** ( digitized version ) | |
1804 | Les Chevaliers du Lion | Mélodrame , 3 acts, à grand spectacle | June 4th | Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique |
Par Madame ***, Ballets de M. Richard ( digitized ); 2nd edition, 1812 ( digitized version ) |
|
1805 |
Le Revenant de Bérézule |
Mélodrame, 3 acts | June 26th | Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique |
- | |
1809 |
L'Argent du voyage or L'Oncle inconnu |
Comédie, 1 act | 1st of May | Théâtre de l'Odéon |
Comédiens ordinaires de S. M. l'Impératrice |
anonymous ( digitized version ) |
1811 | L'Oncle rival | Comédie, 1 act | January 17th | Theater de S. M. l'Impératrice |
Par Madame *** ( digitized ) | |
1811 | Le double stratagème | Comédie, 1 act | July 23 | Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique |
anonymous ( digitized version ) | |
1811 |
Léon ou Le Château de Montaldi |
Mélodrame, 3 acts, à spectacle | October 22nd | Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique |
Paroles et Musique de Mme ***, Ballet de M. Millot ( digitized version ) |
|
1813 | La Suite d'un bal masqué | Comédie, 1 act | 9th April | Comédie-Française | Comédiens ordinaires de S.M. l'Empereur et Roi |
Par *** ( digitized ); Dutch ( digitized version ) |
1813 | Un quart d'heure de dépit | Opéra-comique, 1 act | - | Théâtre national de l'Opéra-Comique | - | |
1815 | La Méprise | Comédie, 1 act | 22nd of November | Comédie-Française | anonymous (?) | |
1825 | La Correspondance | Comédie, 1 act | February 16 | Comédie-Française | - | |
1827 |
L'Ami de tout le monde |
Comédie, 3 acts | October 6th | Comédie-Française | - | |
1835 | Charlotte Brown (Baron Braunthal) | Comédie, 1 act | 7th of April | Comédie-Française |
Par Mme de Bawr ( digitized version ); German ( digitized version ) |
|
1838 | Le petit commissionnaire | Rehearsal, 1 act | - |
Par Mme de Bawr |
Moral novels
- Auguste et Frédéric, 2 volumes, 1817 (1/2: digitized ); new edition, 1845; German, 1818: state of love and seriousness of love ( digitized version ).
- Raoul, ou L'Énéide, 1832 ( digitized version ); new edition, 1854, 1862 ( digitized version ).
- Robertine, 1842 ( digitized version ); new edition, 1854, 1862; German, 1845 ( digitized ).
- Une existence parisienne, 3 volumes, 1859 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ; 3: digitized ).
Historical novels
- Le Novice, roman du XIVe siècle, 4 volumes, 1829, new edition, 1830 (1/2: digitized ; 3/4: digitized ).
- Les Flavy, roman du XVe siècle, 2 volumes, 1838; German, 2 parts, 1839: The Flavy family (1: digitized version ).
- La Fille d'honneur, roman du XVIe siècle, 2 volumes, 1841 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ); German, 1842: Das Ehrenfräulein ( digitized version ); English, 1845: The Maid of Honor ( digitized ).
- Sabine, roman du XVIIe siècle, 2 volumes, 1844 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ).
- Un mariage de finance, roman du XVIIIe siècle, 2 volumes, 1847 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ); German: A money marriage, 2 volumes (1: digitized version ).
- La famille Récour, roman du XIXe siècle, 2 volumes, 1849 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ).
stories
- Histoires fausses et vraies, 1834: Louise, Michel Perrin, Une réjouissance en 1770, La Mère Nacquart, Rose et Thérèse, Le Schelling, Maria Rosa; new edition under the title Nouvelles, 1854; German, 1837: Rosa and Therese, mother Nacquart ( digitized version ).
- La romance de Nina, 1835.
- La Garde (Les Français peints par eux-mêmes), 1840 ( digitized version ): German, 1841: Die Krankenwärterin (The French of recent times) ( digitized version ).
- Le petit faiseur de tours, 1846.
- L'Enfant paresseux, 1846.
- Soirées des jeunes personnes, 1852: Le défaut d'ordre, La romance de Nina, Les deux orphelines, La peureuse, L'insolente, La bonne fée; new edition, 1862, 1872.
- Nouveaux contes pour les enfants (Bibliothèque des chemins de fer), illustrated by Bertall , 1855: Le pièce de cent sous, Le frère et la sœur, Robert, L'Aveugle, Le petit faiseur de tours, Le Précepteur; 3rd edition 1867 ( digitized version ); Spanish, 1861: Nuevos cuentos para el uso de los niños ( digitized version ).
The rest
- Article in the Gazette de France, from 1813.
- Cours de littérature ancienne, extrait de La Harpe (Encyclopédie des dames), 2 volumes, 1821.
- Histoire de Charlemagne (Encyclopédie des dames), 1821, new edition, 1829 ( digitized version ).
- Histoire de la musique (Encyclopédie des dames), 1823 ( digitized ); German, 1826: History of Music ( digitized version ); Italian, 1826: Saggio storico della musica ( digitized version ).
- Grétry (Le plutarque français), 1840 ( digitized ); new edition, 1847 ( digitized ).
- Mémoires d'une héritière (arranged by Fanny Burney : Cecilia, or Memoirs of an Heiress, 5 volumes, 1782), 6 volumes, 1852 (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ; 3: digitized ; 4: digitized ; 5: digitized ; 6: digitized version ); German, 5 parts, 1853: Cäcilie, memorials of a rich heiress (1: digitized ; 2: digitized ; 3: digitized ; 4: digitized ; 5: digitized ).
- Mes souvenirs, 1853 ( digitized version ); new edition, 1854.
Literature (selection)
- (Albéric Deville :) Arnoldiana, ou Sophie Arnould et ses contemporaines; recueil choisi d'anecdotes piquantes, de réparties et de bons mots de Mlle Arnould; précédé d'une notice sur sa vie (…) Gérard, Paris 1813 ( digitized version ), pp. 74 f., 87–92, 370 f.
- Léon Halévy : Souvenirs de Saint-Simon. In: La France littéraire, Paris 1832, 1st volume, 3rd delivery (March), pp. 521-546, here: pp. 527 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Alphonse Rabbe et al. (Ed.): Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (...) 5th volume / supplement, F. G. Levrot, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42.
- Étienne-Jean Delécluze : Mme la baronne de Bawr (…) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym of Adolphe de Chesnel) (ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (…) 1st volume (no longer published), Armand-Aubrée , Paris (1836), pp. 25-33 ( digitized version ).
- Souvenirs de Madame Louise- Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun (...) Volume 3, H. Fournier, Paris 1837, pp. 145 f., 151, 321.
- Vie de Saint-Simon écrite par lui-même. In Olinde Rodrigues (ed.): Œuvres de Saint-Simon (…) Paris 1841 ( digitized version ), pp. XV – XXXVIII, here: pp. XXIII f.
- Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard : Saint-Simon , sa vie et ses travaux (…) Guillemin, Paris 1857 ( digitized version ), p. 36 f.
- Jules Janin : Madame de Bawr (obituary), in: Journal des débats, January 14, 1861, p. 1 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Élise Gagne (Élise Moreau): Madame de Bawr. Étude biographique sur sa vie et ses ouvrages. Didier, Paris 1861.
- Virginie Ancelot : Un salon de Paris, 1824-1864. E. Dentu, Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), Fig. 1, pp. 46–55.
- Pierre Larousse (Ed.): Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (...) Volume 2, Administration du Grand dictionnaire universel, Paris 1867 ( digital copy ), p. 406.
- Histoire de ma vie. In: Œuvres de Saint-Simon & d'Enfantin, Volume 15, E. Dentu, Paris 1868, pp. 64–88 ( digitized version ).
- Jules Michelet : Histoire du XIXe siècle. Directoire . Origine of Bonaparte . Germer Baillière, Paris 1872 ( digitized version ).
- Prosper Blanchemain: Madame Vigée Lebrun et les étoiles filantes du dix-huitième siècle au commencement du dix-neuvième, in: Bulletin du bibliophile (…) 41st year, Paris 1874, pp. 359–414, here: pp. 390– 395 ( digitized version ).
- Henri-Paul-César de Chastellux: Notes prises aux archives de l'état-civil de Paris, avenue Victoria, 4, brûlées le 24 may 1871. J.-B. Dumoulin, Paris 1875, p. 306 ( digitized version ).
- Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884). H. Gautier, Paris 1885, pp. 65-85.
- Maurice Tourneux : Bawr (Alexandrine-Sophie Goury de Champgrand, comtesse de Saint-Simon, puis baronne de). In: La grande Encyclopédie (…) 31 volumes, H. Lamirault, Paris 1885–1902, 5th volume, p. 933 ( digitized version ).
- Georges Weill: Un précurseur du socialisme. Saint-Simon et son œuvre. Perrin & Cie., Paris 1894 ( digitized ).
- G. Lenotre (pseudonym of Théodore Gosselin): Un conspirateur royaliste pendant la Terreur. Le baron de Batz 1782-1795. D'après des documents inédits. Perrin & Cie., Paris 1896, pp. 49 f., 295 ( digitized version ).
- Rapport politique sur les maisons de jeu (…) In George Duruy (ed.): Mémoires de Barras , membre du Directoire (…) Volume 3, Hachette , Paris 1896, pp. 291–299 ( digitized version ).
- Baron Jean d'Erbrée (pseudonym of Édouard Hamon): Goury de Champgrand. In: Revue des questions héraldiques, archéologiques et historiques, Volume 11, Conseil héraldique de France, Paris 1907, pp. 39–59.
- Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr. In: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369 ( digitized version ).
- Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française. Volume 10, Imprimerie nouvelle, Paris 1912 ( digitized version ); Volume 11, Imprimerie nouvelle, Paris 1914 ( digitized version ).
- Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon 1760-1825. ( Les cahier verts 54), Bernard Grasset, Paris 1925, v. a. Pp. 198-226.
- Henri Gouhier : La jeunesse d'Auguste Comte et la formation du positivisme, Volume 2, J. Vrin, Paris 1936; 2nd edition, 1964 ( excerpt : digitized version), pp. 63–125, v. a. Pp. 112-125.
- Perry Gethner: Images of Women in Women's Comedies from the Nineteenth Century. In Keith Bisby (Ed.): Correspondances: Studies in Literature, History, and the Arts in Nineteenth-Century France (...) Rodopi, Amsterdam / Atlanta 1992, ISBN 90-5183-296-6 (reading sample: digitized ), p. 59–70, here: pp. 59–62.
- Olivier Blanc: Les Libertines, Plaisir et liberté au temps des Lumières. Perrin, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-262-01182-6 , Paris 1997, pp. 16-18, 30 f., 36 f., 53, 239 ( digitized version ).
- Alison Finch: Women's Writing in Nineteenth-Century France, Cambridge University Press , Cambridge 2000, ISBN 0-521-63186-6 (excerpt: digitized ).
- Jacqueline Last, Robert Adelson: Women Writing Opera: Creativity and Controversy in the Age of the French Revolution. University of California Press , Berkeley 2001, ISBN 0-520-22653-4 ( digitized ), pp. 37-39 et passim .
- Marion Fürst: "Les Muses sont Sœurs." The "Histoire de la musique" (1823) by Alexandrine Sophie Baronne de Bawr (1773–1860) - an early French music history for women. In Annette Kreutziger-Herr , Katrin Losleben (eds.): History / Herstory, Alternative Musikgeschichten, Böhlau, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20243-9 (reading sample: digitized version), pp. 198-216.
- Richard Khaitzine: Galeries et passages de Paris. À la recherche du temps passé. (…) Le Mercure Dauphinois, Paris 2010 (reading sample: digitized version ), unpaginated .
- Joyce Johnston: Sophie de Bawr: Successful Resistance, Resisting Success. In: Women Dramatists, Humor, and the French Stage 1802–1855, Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2014, ISBN 978-1-349-49853-6 ( extract : digitized ), pp. 25–61.
- Francesco Schiariti: La nostalgie de la civilization. Les représentions de l'Ancien Régime dans les romans sensibles, les romans historiques, les vies romancées et les vies édifiantes (1789-1847). Doctorat de lettres, Université Paris-Est 2015 ( digitized ).
- Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized ).
References and comments
- ↑ Also Chamgran, Chamgrand, Changrain, Changran or Changrand.
- ↑ Also Bauer or Baur.
- ^ Henri-Paul-César de Chastellux: Notes prices aux archives de l'état-civil de Paris (…), Paris 1875, p. 306 ( digitized version ); Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 359 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Madame Ancelot: Un salon de Paris (…) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), p. 46. Cf. Byron , Don Juan , XIV, 101: “(…) truth is always strange; stranger than fiction (...) "
- ↑ Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 198 f.
- ↑ Reliable are e.g. B. Vauthier, Leroy and Gouhier (see bibliography).
- ↑ Maurice Tourneux in: La Grande Encyclopédie (…) 31 volumes, H. Lamirault, Paris 1885–1902, 5th volume, p. 933 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: pp. 356 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 10th volume, Paris 1912, p. 565 ( digitized ); see. but Henri-Paul-César de Chastellux: Notes prises aux archives de l'état-civil de Paris (...), Paris 1875, p. 306 ( digitized version ). According to Jean d'Erbrée ( pseudonym ): Goury de Champgrand, in: Revue des questions héraldiques, archéologiques et historiques, Volume 11, Paris 1907, pp. 39–59, here: p. 44, the Duke of Orléans would have the non-localizable Have Seigneurie Champgrand converted into a marquisate .
- ^ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 9.
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: pp. 357 f. ( Digitized version ). According to Suite de l'état des pensions sur le trésor royal, sixième classe, volume 2, without place and year ( digitized version ), p. 341, Champgrands Pension amounted to 850 livres.
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 357 ( digitized version ). According to his own statements, Champgrand did not leave the service definitively until 1785. Cf. Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 10th volume, Paris 1912, p. 566 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Goury de Champgrand: Traité de vénerie et de chasses, 2 parts, Paris 1769 (1/2: digitized version ); M. de Changran: Almanach du chasseur, Paris 1773 (remaining edition with new title page: Manuel du chasseur, Paris 1780: digitized ).
- ↑ Carole Blumenfeld: Grétry, compositeur des portraitistes parisiens, in Jean Duron (ed.): Grétry en société, Wavre 2009 (sample: digitized ), p. 41–60, here: p. 45; see. Charles Blanc : Le trésor de la curiosité tiré des catalogues de vente, 2nd volume, Paris 1858 ( digital copy ), 1780, p. 3 f. (Marquis de Changran).
- ^ Journal historique et littéraire, Luxembourg , June 1, 1783 ( digitized version ), p. 213 (London, May 12, 1783).
- ^ Henri-Paul-César de Chastellux: Notes prices aux archives de l'état-civil de Paris (…), Paris 1875, p. 306 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (…) Paris 1861, p. 9; Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 359 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Mme de Bawr: Un mariage de finance. Roman du XVIIIe siècle. Volume 1, Bruxelles 1847 ( digitized version ), p. 201.
- ↑ (Albéric Deville :) Arnoldiana, ou Sophie Arnould et ses contemporaines (...), Paris 1813 ( digitized ), p. 74.
- ^ The later artillery colonel Auguste-Camille de Brancas (1761-1729) from the relationship with Louis-Léon-Félicité de Brancas, Duke of Lauraguais . Cf. (Albéric Deville :) Arnoldiana, ou Sophie Arnould et ses contemporaines (...), Paris 1813 ( digitized version ), pp. 74 f., 87 f.
- ↑ Olivier Blanc: Les Libertines (...) Paris 1997, pp. 30 f., 53 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ (Albéric Deville :) Arnoldiana, ou Sophie Arnould et ses contemporaines (…), Paris 1813 ( digitized version ), pp. 87–92, 370 f .; Jill Berk Jiminez (Ed.): Dictionary of Artists' Models, New York / London 2001 (excerpt: digitized ), p. 49.
- ↑ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 9 f.
- ↑ Madame Ancelot: Un salon de Paris (...) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), p. 48.
- ↑ Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, p. 77. The eldest son of the Duke of Orléans, born like Sophie in 1773, later became Louis-Philippe I. King of the French.
- ↑ Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized version ). According to Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 359 ( digitized version), Champgrand had previously lived on the neighboring Rue de Richelieu.
- ↑ Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized version ). Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 359 ( digitized version ), speaks from the 3rd floor.
- ↑ Cf. Olivier Blanc: Visibilité du libertinage féminin sous Louis XVI , in Anne Richardot (ed.): Femmes et libertinage au XVIIIe siècle (…), Rennes 2004 (electronic edition: digitized version ), pp. 45–54, here: p 51.
- ↑ See Lefebvre Saint-Ogan: Les Dames de Sainte-Amaranthe, in: La Nouvelle Revue, 1904, Volume 30, pp. 539–556, Volume 31, pp. 98–109, 214–245, 401–413, here : Volume 30, p. 549 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Armandine Rolland: La famille Sainte-Amaranthe. 2nd edition, Paris 1869 ( digitized version ), p. 39 f.
- ↑ Richard Khaitzine: Galeries et passages de Paris (...) Paris 2010, unpaginated .
- ↑ Cf. Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, Volume 10, Paris 1912, pp. XLI-XLV, 564 ( digitized ).
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: pp. 358 f. ( Digitized version ); see. Catalog d'une collection précieuse de tableaux, des trois écoles, et autres objets curieux, du Cabinet de MM *** (Proli, Goury de Champgrand, Saint-Morys, Bouilliac), Paris, 20. – 24. March 1787 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Olivier Blanc: Les Libertines (…) Paris 1997, p. 30 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 10th volume, Paris 1912, pp. 563 f., 566 ( digitized ).
- ^ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 11.
- ↑ Cf. Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version), pp. 21–33, 43–53.
- ↑ Étienne-Jean Delécluze : Mme la baronne de Bawr (...) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym) (Ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (...) 1st volume, Paris (1836), pp. 25–33, here: p. 28 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Souvenirs de Madame Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun (...) Volume 3, Paris 1837, p. 151.
- ↑ Jules Janin: Madame de Bawr, in: Journal des débats , January 14, 1861, p. 1 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 202.
- ^ Armandine Rolland: La famille Sainte-Amaranthe, 2nd edition, Paris 1869 ( digitized version ), p. 39 f .; G. Lenotre (pseudonym of Théodore Gosselin): Un conspirateur royaliste pendant la Terreur, Le baron de Batz 1792-1795 (...) Paris 1896, p. 50 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 360 f. ( Digitized version ); Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 10th volume, Paris 1912, p. 566 ( digitized ).
- ↑ G. Lenotre (pseudonym): Un conspirateur royaliste pendant la Terreur, Le baron de Batz 1792-1795 (...) Paris 1896, p. 50 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ George Duruy (Ed.): Mémoires de Barras (...) Volume 3, Paris 1896, p. 294 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Richard Khaitzine: Galeries et passages de Paris (...) Paris 2010, unpaginated; see. Olivier Blanc: Les Libertines, Plaisir et liberté au temps des Lumières, Perrin, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-262-01182-6 , Paris 1997, p. 18 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ The son of a cousin of Cardinal Rohan called himself the farmer Jules Guethenoc and had leased the expropriated property of his emigrated father in Rochefort-en-Yvelines . Cf. Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, Volume 10, p. 566 ( digital copy ); Volume 11, pp. 630 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 361 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ According to Rohan's statements, he had been to see Sophie several times in Paris and Saint-Cloud . Cf. Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, Volume 11, pp. 630-632 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 365 f. ( Digitized version ). According to Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (…) Paris 1861, p. 12 f. incl. note 1, the marriage would have been concluded in prison (the former Abbey of Port-Royal de Paris) and later recognized by a court. Based on this, Madame Ancelot concluded: Un salon de Paris (…) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), p. 46 f., Sophie met Rohan in prison.
- ↑ Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 10th volume, Paris 1912, p. 565 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 368 ( digitized version ). According to Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (…) Paris 1861, p. 13, Sophie should have left her apartment.
- ↑ Carole Blumenfeld: Grétry, compositeur des portraitistes parisiens, in Jean Duron (ed.): Grétry en société, Wavre 2009 (sample: digitized ), p. 41–60, here: p. 45.
- ↑ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (…) Paris 1861, pp. 10, 14; Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 368 ( digitized version ). Madame Gagne owed information about Sophie to a granddaughter of Madame Hall, Lucie Ditte (see pp. 15, 38, 40, 61 and 63 of her biography).
- ↑ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 12 f. including note 1.
- ↑ Charles-Olivier Blanc: Johan Petrus Berchtold Proly (...) on: Geneanet, accessed on March 5, 2018 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, Volume 11, pp. 516, 632 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Cf. Alexandre Tuetey: Répertoire général des sources manuscrites de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, Volume 11, pp. 675-678, 681 f. (Directory of Rohan's legacy on bedding and cloakroom) ( digital copy ).
- ↑ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 360 f. ( Digitized version ); Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, pp. 202–204.
- ↑ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355–369, here: p. 359 / note. 3, 361-368 ( digitized version ). As a Knight of Malta, Rohan had committed himself to celibacy.
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version ), p. 21.
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 366 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Garel, Mouchinet and Nolet were valet been (at Mouchinet Minister Sartine ) Andrieux banker of the royal police.
- ↑ George Duruy (Ed.): Mémoires de Barras (...) Volume 3, Paris 1896, pp. 292, 294, 298 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 369 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 16.
- ↑ Œuvres de Saint-Simon & d'Enfantin, Volume 15, Paris 1868, p. 70 / note. 1 ( digitized version )
- ^ According to Henri Gouhier : La jeunesse d'Auguste Comte (…), Volume 2, Paris 1936; 2nd edition, 1964, p. 81, was one of Saint-Simon's sisters femme de compagnie of the Duchess of Orléans .
- ^ Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, pp. 69–97, 100–105, 118, 123, 132–157.
- ^ Jules Michelet : Histoire du XIXe siècle, Directoire , Origine des Bonaparte , Paris 1872, p. 16 ( digitized version ); Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 161.
- ↑ Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, pp. 158, 172.
- ^ Jules Michelet: Histoire du XIXe siècle. Directoire. Origine of Bonaparte. Paris 1872, p. 19 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 189 ff.
- ^ Henri Gouhier: La jeunesse d'Auguste Comte (...), Volume 2, Paris 1936; 2nd edition, 1964, pp. 99-102.
- ↑ According to Histoire de ma vie, in: Œuvres de Saint-Simon & d'Enfantin, Volume 15, Paris 1868, pp. 64–88, here: pp. 68 f. ( Digitized version ), he attended the École polytechnique from 1798 .
- ↑ Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard : Saint-Simon, sa vie et ses travaux (…) Paris 1857 ( digitized ), p. 36; see. Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 200 f.
- ↑ Histoire de ma vie. In: Œuvres de Saint-Simon & d'Enfantin, Volume 15, Paris 1868, pp. 64–88, here: pp. 69 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Georges Weill: Un précurseur du socialisme (…) Paris 1894, p. 17 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard: Saint-Simon, sa vie et ses travaux (...) Paris 1857 ( digitized ), p. 36.
- ↑ Georges Weill: Un précurseur du socialisme (…) Paris 1894, p. 17 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Madame Ancelot: Un salon de Paris (…) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), pp. 49–51; Georges Weill: Un précurseur du socialisme (…) Paris 1894, p. 18 / note. 1 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne, Supplément, 80th volume, Paris 1847 ( digitized version), pp. 405–426, here: p. 409. On Poisson cf. Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard: Saint-Simon, sa vie et ses travaux (…) Paris 1857 ( digitized ), p. 33; Madame Ancelot: Un salon de Paris (...) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), p. 50.
- ^ Léon Halévy: Souvenirs de Saint-Simon. In: La France littéraire, 1832, 1st volume, pp. 521-546, here: pp. 527 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard: Saint-Simon, sa vie et ses travaux (...) Paris 1857 ( digitized ), p. 36.
- ↑ Cf. Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, pp. 83–85.
- ↑ Firmin Maillard: La légende de la femme émancipée (...) Paris (1886), p. 27 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Léon Halévy: Souvenirs de Saint-Simon. In: La France littéraire, 1832, 1st volume, pp. 521-546, here: pp. 527 f. ( Digitized version ). On Saint-Simon's willingness to spend, cf. Maxime Leroy: La vie du comte de Saint-Simon (...) Paris 1925, p. 187 f.
- ↑ Georges Dumas: Psychology de deux Messies positivistes Saint Simon et Auguste Comte . Paris 1905, pp. 22 f., 120 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Étienne-Jean Delécluze: Mme la baronne de Bawr (...) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym) (Ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (...) 1st volume, Paris (1836), pp. 25–33, here: p. 29 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Paul E. Martin: Saint-Simon et sa Lettre d'un habitant de Genève à l'Humanité (1802–1803), Étude bibliographique, in: Revue d'histoire suisse 5/1925, pp. 477–497 ( digitized version ) . There is only evidence that Saint-Simon was in Geneva in 1802 or 1803.
- ↑ Étienne-Jean Delécluze: Mme la baronne de Bawr (...) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym) (Ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (...) 1st volume, Paris (1836), pp. 25–33, here: p. 29 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ See Louis Reybaud in: Biographie universelle ( Michaud ) ancienne et modern (…) Nouvelle édition (…) 37th volume, Paris / Leipzig without year, p. 435 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Nicolas-Gustave Hubbard: Saint-Simon, sa vie et ses travaux (...) Paris 1857 ( digitized ), p. 37 / note. 2.
- ↑ Madame Ancelot: Un salon de Paris (...) Paris 1866 ( digitized version ), p. 52.
- ^ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 21 f.
- ↑ Georges Weill: Un précurseur du socialisme (...) Paris 1894, p. 18 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Léon Halévy: Souvenirs de Saint-Simon. In: La France littéraire, 1832, 1st volume, pp. 521-546, here: pp. 527 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Vie de Saint-Simon écrite par lui-même, in Olinde Rodrigues (ed.): Œuvres de Saint-Simon (…) Paris 1841 ( digitized ), pp. XV – XXXVIII, here: p. XXIII.
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (...) Volume 5 / Supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42.
- ^ Schöttlen: Count Wilhelm v. Taubenheim (…), in: Württembergischer Bildersaal (…), Volume 2, Stuttgart 1861 ( digitized version), pp. 37–47, here: p. 38.
- ↑ Center historique des Archives nationales: Demandes de passeports (1793–1818), F / 7/3564 à 3580, Index des noms de personnes, 2001 ( digitized version ), p. 13.
- ↑ Alexandre's half-brother Karl Friedrich became, like his father, a Russian lieutenant general, his sister Charlotte, lady-in-waiting to Queen Katharina Pavlovna of Württemberg . The youngest sibling Caroline was the mother of the Württemberg Colonel Master Wilhelm Graf von Taubenheim. See Schöttlen: Count Wilhelm v. Taubenheim (…), in: Württembergischer Bildersaal (…), Volume 2, Stuttgart 1861 ( digitized version), pp. 37–47, here: p. 38.
- ↑ Alexandre's mother Sophie née Böhme, who married Bauer for the second time, is said to have been his illegitimate daughter, which is why the family was called "la famille d ' Atréus ". Cf. Therese Huber : Letters, Volume 6.1, arr. v. Petra Wulbusch, Berlin 2011 (reading sample: digitized version ), p. 128 f.
- ↑ The Flavy family, Das Ehrenfräulein und Robertine, translated by Fanny Tarnow .
- ↑ Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, p. 79.
- ↑ A. Delaforest: Théâtre modern, Cours de littérature dramatique, Volume 2, Paris 1836 ( digitized ), p. 11
- ↑ Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, pp. 79-82.
- ↑ See Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, pp. 28, 47, 49, 62 f. Paul Vernier also called himself Verron-Vernier and as a lithographer Pochet. According to Paul Lacroix (ed.): Annuaire des artistes et des amateurs, 3rd year, Paris 1862 ( digitized ), p. 400, he exhibited a portrait of Sophie at the Salon of 1857.
- ↑ See the signature “S. de Bawr “in: Recueil d ' autographes fac-similés (…), Anvers 1846, plate XXV ( digitized version ), no. 207.
- ↑ Étienne-Jean Delécluze: Mme la baronne de Bawr (...) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym) (Ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (...) 1st volume, Paris (1836), pp. 25–33, here: p. 27 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Biographie nouvelle des contemporains (…) 2nd volume, Paris 1820, p. 221 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Prosper Blanchemain: Madame Vigée Lebrun et les étoiles filantes du dix-huitième siècle au commencement du dix-neuvième, in: Bulletin du bibliophile (…) 41st vol., Paris 1874, pp. 359–414, here: p. 393 ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Henri Welschinger: La censure sous le premier Empire , Paris 1882, p. 258 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (...) Volume 5 / Supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42.
- ↑ List générale des pensionnaires de l'ancienne liste civile (…) Paris 1833, p. 29 ( digitized version ); Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (…) 5th volume / supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42; see. Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (…) Paris 1853, pp. 237–240 ( digitized ).
- ↑ See Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, pp. 69-72.
- ↑ Étienne-Jean Delécluze: Mme la baronne de Bawr (...) In Alfred de Montferrand (pseudonym) (Ed.): Biographie des Femmes auteurs contemporaines françaises (...) 1st volume, Paris (1836), pp. 25–33, here: p. 33 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (…) Paris 1861, pp. 46–49.
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (…) 5th volume / supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42; Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (…) Paris 1853, p. 252 ( digitized version ); Élise Gagne: Madame de Bawr (...) Paris 1861, p. 16 f.
- ↑ That was the name of the Théâtre Feydeau since 1801 .
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (…) 5th volume / supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42; Pierre Larousse (Ed.): Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (...) Volume 2, Paris 1867 ( digital copy ), p. 406.
- ↑ Pierre Larousse (ed.): Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (...) 2nd volume, Paris 1867 ( digitized version ), p. 406.
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version ), p. 254.
- ↑ The dice game Creps, the roulette (?) And the card game Trente et un are mentioned. See anonymous: L'Argent du voyage (...), Paris 1809 ( digitized version ), pp. 9, 13, 20.
- ↑ Jacqueline Last, Robert Adelson: Women Writing Opera (…) Berkeley 2001 ( digitized version ), p. 37 f.
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version ), p. 254.
- ^ Perry Gethner: Images of Women in Women's Comedies from the Nineteenth Century. In Keith Bisby (Ed.): Correspondances (...) Amsterdam / Atlanta 1992 (excerpt: digitized ), pp. 59–70, here: p. 59.
- ↑ "(...) c'est du Marivaux, sans marivaudage (...)" Quoted from Eugène Lintilhac : Histoire générale du théâtre en France, Volume 5, Paris (1910), p. 211 ( digitized ).
- ↑ Jules Janin : La semaine dramatique, in: Journal des débats, October 8, 1860, p. 2 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Perry Gethner: Images of Women in Women's Comedies from the Nineteenth Century. In Keith Bisby (Ed.): Correspondances (…) Amsterdam / Atlanta 1992 (reading sample: digitized version ), pp. 59–70, here: pp. 59 f.
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (...) Volume 5 / Supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42.
- ↑ Cf. Auguste Delaforest: Théâtre modern, Cours de littérature dramatique, Volume 2, Paris 1836 ( digitized version ), p. 11.
- ↑ Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (…) 5th volume / supplement, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ), p. 42; Pierre Larousse (Ed.): Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (...) Volume 2, Paris 1867 ( digital copy ), p. 406.
- ↑ In Madame de Bawr: Histoires fausses et vraies, Paris 1834.
- ^ Mélesville, Charles Duveyrier: Michel Perrin, Paris 1834 ( digitized version ).
- ^ R .: Review by Charlotte Brown, in: Journal des débats, April 9, 1835, p. 1 ( digitized version ); Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version ), p. 254 f.
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (…) Paris 1853 ( digitized ), pp. 244–251, 255. Without giving their names, Sophie refers to the composer Louise Bertin (1805–1877).
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853 ( digitized version ), p. 251 f.
- ^ Gabriel Vauthier: Le premier mariage de Mme de Bawr, in: La Nouvelle Revue, August 1, 1908, pp. 355-369, here: p. 355 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Mentioned in Madame de Bawr: Robert, ou l'Énéide, Paris 1832 ( digitized version ), p. V. Cf. Félix Bonnaire: Review of Les Flavy, in: Revue de Paris, 53rd volume ( digitized version ), p. 71 f.
- ↑ Eusèbe Girault de Saint Fargeau: Revue des romans (...) 1st volume, Paris 1839 ( digitized ), p. 51 f.
- ^ Mme de Bawr: Le Novice, 2nd edition, 4th volume, Paris 1830 ( digitized version ), p. 155.
- Jump up ↑ III .: Review of Le Novice in: Blätter für literäre Zusammenarbeit (Leipzig), 25./26. July 1830, pp. 821 f., 825 f.
- ^ Anonymous review of Le Novice in: La Revue Française, No. 15, May 1830 ( digitized version), pp. 280–283.
- ↑ Alida de Savignac: Review of Les Flavy, in: Journal des demoiselles, Paris 1838 ( digitized version), pp. 69–73, quotation: pp. 72 f.
- ^ Anonymous review by Raoul, ou L'Énéide, in: Revue encyclopédique (…) Volume 53, Paris 1832, January-March ( digitized ), p. 695 f., Here: p. 696.
- ^ Anonymous review by Raoul, ou L'Énéide, in: L'Européen, March 17, 1832, pp. 248–250 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Camille Baxton (pseudonym of Louise-Laure Ozenne): Review of Les Flavy, in: Revue française et étrangère, volume 6, Paris 1838 ( digitized ), pp 90-95.
- ↑ Dr. F .: Review of Les Flavy, in: Kunst- und Literaturblatt zur Euterpe , Bamberg 1838 ( digitized version ), No. 1, p. 99 f.
- ^ Mérimée in Chronique du règne de Charles IX , Scribe in the libretto for Meyerbeer's opera Les Huguenots .
- ↑ Robertine's mother was the daughter of a bourgeois revolutionary.
- ^ François Barrière: Review by Robertine, in: Journal des débats, June 30, 1842, p. 1 f., Here: p. 2 ( digitized version ).
- ^ A. de B.-L .: Review by Robertine, in: Littérature et beaux-arts, September 1842, pp. 233–236, quotation: p. 233 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Anonymous review by Sabine, in: Bibliographie catholique (...) 4th vol. ( Digitized version ), March 1845, p. 397 f.
- ↑ After Francesco Schiariti: La nostalgie de la civilization (...) Doctorat de lettres, Université Paris-Est 2015 ( digitized ), p. 532.
- ↑ Anonymous review of La famille Récour, in: Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, No. 409, November 1849, Volume 66 ( digitized ), p. 609.
- ^ John Lemoinne: Review of Une existence parisienne, in: Journal des débats, December 22, 1859, p. 2 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Mme de Bawr: La romance de Nina, in: Journal des jeunes personnes, 3rd year, April 1, 1835, pp. 109-115 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Les Français peints par eux-mêmes, Volume 1, Paris 1840, pp. 129–136 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Mme de Bawr: Nouveaux contes pour les enfants, Paris 1855; 3rd edition, Paris 1867 ( digitized version ). The illustrations can also be found in the Spanish edition.
- ^ Académie Française (…) Prix décernés, in: Journal des savants, Paris 1850 ( digitized version ), August, p. 501 f.
- ↑ She found Karl's war of annihilation against the Saxons to be barbaric . Cf. Mme de Bawr: Histoire de Charlemagne (...), Lyon 1829 ( digitized version ), pp. 66–68.
- ↑ Histoire de ma vie, in: Œuvres de Saint-Simon & d'Enfantin, Volume 15, Paris 1868, p. 101 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Cf. Marion Fürst: "Les Muses sont Sœurs" (...) in Annette Kreutziger-Herr , Katrin Losleben (ed.): History / Herstory (...) Cologne 2009, pp. 198–216, here: pp. 215 f.
- ^ Jacqueline Last, Robert Adelson: Women Writing Opera (...) Berkeley 2001, p. 39.
- ^ History of Music (...) Freely edited by August Lewald, based on the French by Frau von Bawr. Nuremberg 1826 ( digitized ).
- ^ Saggio storico della musica, traduzione del cavaliere CF, DR Salvini, Dupui, e C. °, Italia 1826 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Jacqueline Last, Robert Adelson: Women Writing Opera (...) Berkeley 2001, p. 76.
- ↑ Anonymous review of Mes souvenirs in: The Saturday Review (…), Volume 1, London 1856 ( digitized version ), March 15, p. 395 f.
- ↑ Including Grétry, Garat, Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, the painter Gérard , Talma, Mademoiselle Mars and Poisson. Cf. Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (…) Paris 1853, pp. 21–33, 43–53, 64–71, 102–106, 171–182, 182–189, 212–218 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Ch. J. (Ed.): Souvenirs de la B (ar) onne Frossard (1813-1884), Paris 1885, p. 67.
- ↑ Madame de Bawr: Mes souvenirs (...) Paris 1853, pp. 3-14, 255.
- ↑ Sieber, Paris.
- ^ Johann August Böhme, Hamburg.
- ^ Marie-Anne-Henriette Payan de l'Estang, married d'Antremont, de Bourdic and Viot.
- ↑ Under the name Saint-Simon, Sieber, Paris.
- ↑ Under the name Saint-Simon.
- ↑ Under the name Saint-Simon.
- ↑ Under the name de Bawr, self-published by the composers, Paris.
- ↑ Théâtre de l'Odéon.
- ^ New edition, 1818 ( digitized version ), 1855.
- ↑ In: Les jours de congé ou Les matinées du grand oncle. Contes, nouvelles et proverbes. Volume 2, Postel fils, Paris 1838.
- ↑ Published with Les deux chaumières ou Les petits botanistes by Mme de Bradi.
- ^ Written by A. Eymery de Saintes, published with La Discrétion by Bouilly and Le petit faiseur de tours.
- ↑ Reprinted in various places.
- ↑ Inside title: La vie véritable du comte Henri de Saint-Simon (1760-1825).
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Bawr, Sophie de |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Goury de Champgrand, Alexandrine-Sophie (maiden name); Saint-Simon, Sophie de (married name); M. François (pseudonym) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French writer and composer |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 8, 1773 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris , France |
DATE OF DEATH | December 31, 1860 |
Place of death | Paris , France |