1408
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Calendar overview 1408
Map with all linked sites: | 1408 | |
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| 1408 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 856/857 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1400/01 |
| Aztec calendar | 6th tubes - Chicuace Acatl (until the end of January / beginning of February: 5th rabbit - Macuilli Tochtli ) |
| Buddhist calendar | 1951/52 (southern Buddhism); 1950/51 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 68th (69th) cycle
Year of the earth-rat戊子 ( at the beginning of the year fire-pig 丁亥) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 770/771 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 786/787 |
| Islamic calendar | 810/811 (turn of the year 26/27 May) |
| Jewish calendar | 5168/69 (September 21-22) |
| Coptic calendar | 1124/25 |
| Malayalam calendar | 583/584 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1718/19 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1719/20 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1446 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1464/65 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Iberian Peninsula
- May: Emir Muhammad VII of Granada dies in an advance on Jaén against the Kingdom of Castile . His brother Yusuf III. He was imprisoned in Salobreña when he came to power in 1392 to avoid disputes over the throne and became the new emir. Yusuf tries to improve relations between the Nasrids and Castile and in the same year reaches an armistice with the Christian kingdom .
France
- March 8 : The trial of the murder of Louis de Valois, duc d'Orléans , takes place in Paris before Guillaume de Tignonville, Vogt of Paris . Johann Ohnefurcht , Duke of Burgundy , admits to having initiated the act, but the theologian and lawyer Jean Petit defends the act before the summoned court as an act of resistance and as justified tyrannicide . The conflict between the Armagnacs and the Bourguignons escalates and weakens France in the Hundred Years War .
- December 4th : After Valentina Visconti had tried in vain for more than a year to get Johann Unafraid for the murder of her husband, she died exhausted of an illness in Blois Castle .
Appenzell Wars
- January 13th : In the Battle of Bregenz , a Habsburg noble coalition led by the Swabian Knights' Association of Sankt Jörgenschild, together with the Diocese of Constance and the Diocese of Augsburg, wins over the Confederation ob dem See, allied with the Land of Appenzell . The Appenzell people, who lose their myth of invincibility, then withdraw to their home country. The Appenzell Wars are coming to an end for the time being.
- April 4 : In the Constance arbitration award, King Ruprecht dissolves the federation created during the Appenzell wars above the lake . He also confirmed the demands of the Prince of St. Gallen Kuno von Stoffeln against the Appenzeller. Previously, the people of Vorarlberg , namely Feldkircher , Bludenzer , Walgau and Montafon, had already held special negotiations with the Chur bishop Hartmann against the will of the city of St. Gallen . St. Gallen then asks Schwyz what needs to be done. They recommend the city to join the royal arbitration and the traditional federation of Lake Constance cities, which it does a little later with royal permission.
Other events in the Holy Roman Empire
- 23 September : In the battle of Othée , the Liège rebels are defeated by an aristocratic army.
- In Lübeck , the " old council " is overthrown by a new council , which includes the goldsmith Heyno Sobbe and the merchant Ditmar von Thünen . 14 councilors, including Marquard von Dame , Goswin Klingenberg , Jordan Pleskow , Bruno Warendorp and Hinrich Westhof , leave the city and sue the New Council at the Reich Court Court .
Eastern Europe
- December 5 : The Emir Edigü , ruler of the Nogai Horde , appears in front of Moscow with a large Tatar contingent . Almost all cities fell victim to his campaign of devastation through the Grand Duchy of Moscow . Troubles in the Golden Horde save Moscow from the same fate. Edigü extorts a ransom of 3,000 rubles and breaks the siege on December 20th .
Greenland
- The announcement of a wedding in Hvalsey Church is the last document from the Grænlendingar who have inhabited Greenland since 986 . It was not until 1721 that the Europeans began to set up permanent bases again.
Asia
- April 20 : The Qara Qoyunlu under Qara Yusuf defeat the Timurids , and Timur's son Miran Shah is killed.
science and technology
- The Yongle Dadian is completed. More than 3,000 scholars worked on this Chinese encyclopedia of the Ming Dynasty , it comprises 22,877 fascicles or 11,095 volumes.
Culture
- November 24th : The old town market fountain for the old town market in Braunschweig is poured. With the construction of the stone and metal fountain, several goals are being pursued: on the one hand, to supply the citizens with fresh, clean spring water, but on the other hand, also with the political (self) representation of the Hanseatic city and its citizens, especially the guild of dressmakers whose guild house, the so-called Klipphaus , borders directly on the old town market and whose patron saint is Saint Catherine, shown on the fountain. In order to underline this concern, namely the representation, the fountain is built in the center of the old town and is originally richly painted and gilded and crowned by the coat of arms of the old town, the soaring Braunschweig lion . This old town coat of arms is already considered the coat of arms of the entire city in 1408.
- In preparation for a trip to Palestine, Oswald von Wolkenstein commissioned a memorial stone at Brixen Cathedral showing him as a crusader with a long pilgrim beard.
society
- December 12th : The Hungarian King Sigismund and his second wife Barbara von Cilli found the Dragon Order , an order of selected nobles based on the model of the Order of St. George Knights . Numerous politically and militarily influential personalities are present at the inauguration of the order, including the Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević , the Slovak chaplain Stibor von Stibericz and Pipo von Ozora , the Ban von Severin .
religion
- around 1408: The three-aisled basilica of the parish church of St. Johannes Baptist in Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm is completed.
Born
Date of birth saved
- January 25 : Katharina von Hanau , Countess von Henneberg-Schleusingen († 1460 )
- March 25 : Agnes von Baden , Duchess of Schleswig, Countess of Holstein and Margravine of Baden († 1473 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- before August: Ralph Shirley , English Esquire († 1466 )
- Thomas Lumley, 2nd Baron Lumley , English nobleman and diplomat († 1497 )
- Elsa von Reichenstein , Catholic abbess in the Cäcilienstift in Cologne († around 1485 )
- Jean Rolin , French bishop and cardinal († 1483 )
- Johann Vitez , Croatian humanist and Archbishop of Gran († 1472 )
Born around 1408
- Uko Fockena , East Frisian chief († 1432 )
- 1408 or 1409 : Charles VIII , imperial administrator and King of Sweden, as Charles I King of Norway († 1470 )
- Richard Tempest , English knight († 1488 )
Died
January to May
- February 19 : Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland , English nobleman (* 1341 )
- February 20 : Johann von Kittlitz , Bishop of Fürstenwalde and Meißen (* around 1350 )
- April 20 : Miran Shah , son of Tamerlans and governor of the Timurids (* 1366 )
- May 18 : Johann IV. , Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg (* around 1355 )
- May 31 : Angelo Acciaioli , Italian bishop and cardinal of the Catholic Church (* 1340 )
- May 31 : Ashikaga Yoshimitsu , Japanese ruler of the Ashikaga shogunate (* 1358 )
- May: Muhammad VII , Emir of Granada (* 1370 )
June to December
- June 13 : Heinrich Toppler , Mayor of Rothenburg ob der Tauber (* around 1340 )
- June 18 : Taejo , King of the Korean Empire Joseon and founder of the Joseon Dynasty (* 1335 )
- June 24th : Wilhelm II , Count von Berg and as Wilhelm I Duke von Berg
- July 11 : Konrad Vorlauf , Mayor of Vienna (* around 1335 )
- September 22nd : John VII , Byzantine Emperor (* 1370 )
- September 23 : Heinrich von Horn , inhabitant of Liège and insurgent
- 4th or 14th December : Valentina Visconti , wife of Louis of Valois, the Duke of Orléans (* 1368 )
- December 31 : Elisabeth of the Palatinate , titular duchess of Austria and countess of Tyrol (* 1381 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Anne , Duchess of Bavaria-Ingolstadt (* around 1380 )
- Elizabeth Despenser , English nobleman
- John Gower , English writer (* around 1330 )
Web links
Commons : 1408 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
