Blažejov

Blažejov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihočeský kraj
District :	Jindřichův Hradec
Area :	1988 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 8 '  N , 15 ° 6'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 8 '8 "  N , 15 ° 5' 49"  E
Height:	506  m nm
Residents :	454 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	377 01 - 378 52
License plate :	C.
traffic
Street:	Jindřichův Hradec - Strmilov
Railway connection:	Jindřichův Hradec – Nová Bystřice
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	5
administration
Mayor :	Petr Tóth (as of 2018)
Address:	Blažejov 38 378 52 Blažejov
Municipality number:	561711
Website :	www.blazejov.cz

Blažejov (German Blauenschlag ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic with approx. 420 inhabitants. It is located seven kilometers east of Jindřichův Hradec ( Neuhaus ) and belongs to the Okres Jindřichův Hradec ( Neuhaus district ).

geography

The clustered village Blažejov is located on the left side of Hamerský potok in the west of Javořická vrchovina in a hilly pond landscape of the nature park Česká Canada . To the east is the 76 hectare Ratmírovský rybník ( small hammer pond ) and in the southeast with the Krvavý rybník ( Rothwehr pond ) another large pond. To the west, the Hamerský potok forms the romantic Jindřišské údolí, above which the remains of the Vítkův Hrádek castle can be found north of Blažejov. The narrow-gauge railway line Jindřichův Hradec - Nová Bystřice ( Neuhaus-Neubistritz ) runs through the village .

Neighboring towns are Dvoreček in the north, Oldřiš in the northeast, Malý Ratmírov in the east, Člunek ( Hosterschlag ) in the southeast, Hospříz ( Köpferschlag ) in the south, Otín ( Ottenschlag ) in the southeast, Jindřiš in the east and Rodvínov ( Riedweis ) in the northeast.

history

The place probably originated in the middle of the 13th century, when the Lords of Neuhaus called German colonists to settle the forests of their rule. The Ui dialect (Northern Bavarian) spoken until 1945 with its special Bavarian passwords indicates a settlement by Bavarian German tribes from the Upper Palatinate region. In a document from Witikos von Neuhaus from 1255, the names of his courtiers Blažej, Ratmír and Mutin, who were probably the namesake of the newly founded villages, are handed down. Blazieiow was first mentioned in a document in 1359 when the pastor moved to Baumgarten . The next mention of Blaschenschlag can be found in a papal tithe list of the Chýnov deanery . In 1360 the place was called Blasenslag (clearing of Blasius), in 1752 as Plohaslag and in 1790 as Blanaschlag . In the 19th century, the place name Blauenschlag was formed from this .

During the Thirty Years' War , Blauenschlag was occupied by Swedish troops who destroyed the castle again. The parish registers of the place be conducted since 1,701th Until the abolition of patrimonial rule in 1850, the village was part of the Neuhaus rule . In 1863 a two-class school was built in the village. Most of the residents of Blauenschlag lived from forestry, livestock and agriculture. In addition to small businesses, there was also a linseed oil mill, a steam dairy and a distillery.

After the First World War , Czechoslovakia claimed the German-speaking areas of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, which had been German Austria since the end of 1918 . The Treaty of St. Germain awarded the disputed territories to Czechoslovakia against the will of the German population there. The southern Moravian town of Blauenschlag, 83.6% of which belonged to the German-speaking group in 1910 , also fell to the new state. Measures followed such as land reform and the language regulation. This resulted in a massive influx of people of Czech nationality through settlers and newly filled civil servants. Because of this, a Czech minority school was built in the village. In 1925 the place was electrified. In 1929 a stool grave was found in the local area. After the Munich Agreement , Blauenschlag became part of the German Reichsgau Niederdonau on October 1, 1938 .

After the end of the Second World War on May 8, 1945, which claimed eleven victims among the local residents, the community came back to the Czechoslovak Republic . On May 30, 1945, Blauenschlag was occupied by Czechs at the same time as the surrounding towns. They took three men hostage and then drove the local population and finally the hostages across the border into Austria. Due to the Beneš decree 108, their property was confiscated and placed under state administration.

Population development

census	Houses	Residents	Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year		all in all	German	Czechs	other
1880	38	211	211	-	-
1890	33	230	183	47	-
1900	34	218	191	27	-
1910	35	202	169	30th	3
1921	38	221	136	76	9
1930	39	224	143	75	6th

Coat of arms and seal

The community did not have a coat of arms . In the 18th century at the latest. Blauenschlag may have had a seal . After 1848 the place will certainly have its own local seal.

Community structure

The municipality Blažejov consists of the districts Blažejov ( Blauenschlag ), Dvoreček ( courtiers ), Malý Ratmírov ( Klein Rammerschlag ), Mutyněves ( Muttaschlag ) and Oldřiš ( Ulrichschlag ), which also form cadastral districts.

Attractions

• Remains of the Gothic castle Vítkův Hrádek ( Veitschlössel , also Pittenhäusel ) above the valley of Hamerský potok
• Church of St. Elizabeth, built in the 2nd half of the 13th century

regional customs

• At Christmas, the landlord cuts as many larger slices from a loaf of white bread as there are animals in the stable, on each of which he places a slice of Thomas Striezel, an apple and a nut. Now every animal gets such a cut, which is supposed to protect it from epidemics and accidents.
• During this time, some shots were fired from an old muzzle loading pistol to drive away evil spirits and house goblins.
• The church was consecrated on the Sunday after November 19th.

literature

• Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0 , p. 3.
• Statistický lexikon obcí České republiky 1992. SEVT, Praha 1994, ISBN 80-7049-096-9 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/561711/Blazejov
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
3. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia. Contributions to the folklore of South Moravia. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1989, ISBN 3-927498-09-2 .
4. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia. Contributions to the folklore of South Moravia. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1989, ISBN 3-927498-09-2 , p. 10.
5. ↑ Heinz Engels (Hrsg.): Sudetend German dictionary . Volume 1. Oldenbourg, Munich et al. 1988, ISBN 3-486-54822-0 .
6. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities in the home districts of Neubistritz, Zlabings, Nikolsburg and Znaim. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1992, ISBN 3-927498-16-5 .
7. ↑ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace. St. Germain and the Consequences. 1919-1989. Amalthea, Vienna et al. 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X .
8. ^ Johann Wolfgang Brügel : Czechs and Germans. 1918-1938. Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, Munich 1967.
9. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Neubistritz (South Bohemia) and the Zlabingser Ländchen from A to Z. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2008, p. 68.
10. ↑ Milan Churan: Potsdam and Czechoslovakia. Myth and Reality. Home district Mies-Pilsen, Frontenhausen 2007, ISBN 978-3-9810491-7-6 .
11. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria in 1945/46. With special consideration of the federal states of Vienna and Lower Austria. Vienna 1995, (Vienna, University, diploma thesis, 1995; typewritten).
12. ↑ Alfred Schickel , Gerald Frodl: The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present (= History of South Moravia. Vol. 3). South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 .
13. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities in the home districts of Neubistritz, Zlabings, Nikolsburg and Znaim. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1992, ISBN 3-927498-16-5 , p. 33.
14. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/561711/Obec-Blazejov
15. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/561711/Obec-Blazejov

Web links

Commons : Blažejov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Cultural database of displaced persons