North department
North | |
---|---|
region | Hauts-de-France |
prefecture | Lille |
Sub-prefecture (s) |
Avesnes-sur-Helpe Cambrai Douai Dunkerque Valenciennes |
Residents | 2,604,361 (Jan 1, 2017) |
Population density | 453 inhabitants per km² |
surface | 5,743.01 km² |
Arrondissements | 6th |
Community associations | 18th |
Cantons | 41 |
Communities | 648 |
President of the Department Council |
Jean-René Lecerf |
ISO-3166-2 code | FR-59 |
Location of the department of Nord in the region of Hauts-de-France |
The department Nord [ nɔːʀ ] is the French department with the atomic number 59. It is in the region of Hauts-de-France in the north of the Belgian border and, before Paris , the French populous department.
geography
The North department borders on the Pas-de-Calais departments in the west, Aisne and a few kilometers with Somme in the south and Belgium in the east. In the extreme northwest is the coast of the North Sea at the entrance to the English Channel .
The north department is unusually narrow and elongated. It forms the western half of the national border with Belgium. Its capital is Lille , which, together with Roubaix , Tourcoing and Villeneuve-d'Ascq with over a million inhabitants, forms the heart of the region industrially and formerly with its mining. Other important cities are Cambrai , Douai , Dunkerque and Valenciennes .
The main rivers are the Lys (Leie) , Sambre , Scarpe , Schelde and Yser .
history
The department was formed on March 4, 1790 from the French part of Flanders , the French part of Hainaut and the Cambrésis (the area of the Bishop of Cambrai).
The department was conquered by the Wehrmacht at the end of May / beginning of June 1940 as part of the western campaign . In September 1944, it was liberated within a few days by rapidly advancing Western Allied troops.
From 1960 to 2016, the department was part of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region , which in 2016 became part of the Hauts-de-France region.
coat of arms
Description : A black, red armored and tongued lion in gold .
Cities
The most populous municipalities in the north are:
city | Population (2017) |
Arrondissement |
---|---|---|
Lille | 232.787 | Lille |
Tourcoing | 97,368 | Lille |
Roubaix | 96,990 | Lille |
Dunkerque | 87,353 | Dunkerque |
Villeneuve-d'Ascq | 63,408 | Lille |
Valenciennes | 43,336 | Valenciennes |
Wattrelos | 40,958 | Lille |
Douai | 39,700 | Douai |
Marcq-en-Barœul | 38,617 | Lille |
Cambrai | 32,558 | Cambrai |
Administrative division
The northern department is divided into 6 arrondissements , 41 cantons and 648 communes :
Arrondissement | Cantons | Communities | Residents January 1, 2017 |
Area km² |
Density of population / km² |
Code INSEE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Avesnes-sur-Helpe | 4th | 151 | 229.451 | 1,407.51 | 163 | 591 |
Cambrai | 3 | 116 | 161,655 | 901.58 | 179 | 592 |
Douai | 4th | 64 | 245,683 | 476.61 | 515 | 593 |
Dunkerque | 7th | 111 | 375,768 | 1,442.79 | 260 | 594 |
Lille | 17th | 124 | 1,240,456 | 879.61 | 1,410 | 595 |
Valenciennes | 6th | 82 | 351,348 | 634.91 | 553 | 596 |
North department | 41 | 648 | 2,604,361 | 5,743.01 | 453 | 59 |
See also:
- List of communes in the north department
- List of cantons in the north department
- List of associations of municipalities in the north department
economy
Initially the “front-line state” of the industrial revolution in the 19th century, but severely affected by heavy and long-lasting fighting in the First World War , then after the Second World War and its “second bloom” the region today suffers economically, socially and culturally from the decline of the Coal mining since the early 1970s, followed by the textile industry and meanwhile increasingly also with environmental problems.
climate
Measuring station: Boulogne, Hafen, 73 meters above sea level (Since the Nord department does not have its own measuring station, the data from the neighboring Pas-de-Calais department was given.)
maritime climate data | J | F. | M. | A. | M. | J | J | A. | S. | O | N | D. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mean maximum temperature | 6th | 6th | 9 | 11 | 15th | 17th | 19th | 19th | 18th | 15th | 10 | 7th |
mean low temperature | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14th | 12 | 10 | 6th | 3 |
Number of very sunny days | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Number of days with an overcast sky | 19th | 17th | 15th | 13 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 15th | 18th | 19th |
Number of rainy days | 11 | 9 | 9 | 8th | 8th | 7th | 7th | 9 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 12 |
Rainfall in mm | 55 | 46 | 40 | 38 | 42 | 47 | 45 | 54 | 66 | 66 | 83 | 64 |
Water temperature near the coast | 8th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 10 | 13 | 15th | 17th | 17th | 15th | 12 | 9 |
Days per year with
- Rainfalls over 1 mm: 115
- Frost: 32
- First frost: November 22nd
- Last frost: March 23rd
- Snow: 13
- Thunderstorm: 10
- Hail: 4
As of 1991
Web links
- North department (French)
- Prefecture of the North Department (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ lenord.fr accessed on April 27, 2015
- ↑ page 297
- ↑ Climate data from: Jean-Noël Darde: Plages et côtes de France. Éditions Balland, Paris 1991.
Coordinates: 50 ° 37 ' N , 3 ° 2' E