Alitalia

Alitalia
IATA code :	AZ
ICAO code :	AZA
Call sign :	ALITALIA
Founding:	1946
Seat:	Fiumicino , Italy
Turnstile :	Milan Linate Milan Malpensa Rome Fiumicino
Home airport :	Rome Fiumicino
Company form:	Società per azioni
IATA prefix code :	055
Management:	Daniele Discepolo (Commissioner) Enrico Laghi (Commissioner) Stefano Paleari (Commissioner)
Number of employees:	10,272 (2018)
Sales:	€ 2.92 billion (2017)
Balance sheet total:	€ –526 million (2017)
Passenger volume:	21.3 million (2017)
Alliance :	SkyTeam and Etihad Airways Partners
Frequent Flyer Program :	MilleMiglia
Fleet size:	91
Aims:	National and international
Website:	www.alitalia.com

Alitalia is the national airline of Italy with headquarters in Fiumicino and based at Rome Fiumicino Airport . It is a member of the SkyTeam aviation alliance .

Its subsidiary Alitalia CityLiner also flies in the colors of Alitalia .

history

Origins

Convair CV-340 from Alitalia

A Douglas DC-7C and 3 Vickers Viscount from Alitalia, Rome 1965

Until the Second World War was Ala Littoria Italy's national airline. After the war, Alitalia took over her role. The names of the two companies are based on the Italian word ala , in the plural ali , which means "wing". Littorio refers to the lictors' bundle , a symbol used by fascist Italy. Ala Littoria can thus be interpreted as the “wing of fascism”.

During the occupation that lasted until 1947, Italian businessmen and government agencies tried to revive commercial aviation in Italy. In anticipation of the allied flight ban being lifted soon, a number of private airlines emerged again, including SISA, Transadriatica and Avio Linee Italiane , which merged with Airone in 1949 to form the ALI fleet Riunite .

On February 11, 1946, the Italian government founded the Linee Aeree Italiane (LAI) together with the American airline TWA . The Italian Government Institute for Industrial Reconstruction ( IRI ) and the TWA each held 40 percent of the company's shares , the rest was held by private Italian investors. The LAI was created with the intention of establishing a new national airline and thus bringing Italian commercial air traffic under control by integrating other airlines. In April 1947, the airline started flight operations from Rome-Urbe airport with several Douglas C-47s on many domestic routes, shortly afterwards the first international flights to Athens , Istanbul and Tunis followed . The commissioning of the Douglas DC-6 , with the first scheduled flights to the USA , made it necessary to move to the somewhat larger Rome Ciampino airport in 1950 . In 1952 LAI took over the airline ALI's Riunite fleet.

The Italian-American establishment of the Linee Aeree Italiane was followed on September 16, 1946 by the establishment of the Italian-British Aerolinee Italiane Internazionali , or Alitalia for short . British European Airways held 40 percent of the start-up capital, the Italian government institute IRI 47.5 percent, and the remaining 12.5 percent went to private investors. On May 5, 1947, Alitalia began flight operations with a Fiat G.12 on the Turin - Rome - Catania route . On July 6, 1947, a Savoia-Marchetti SM.95 made the first international flight of Alitalia from Rome-Ciampino to Oslo . On May 26, 1948, the first transatlantic flight from Milan via Rome, Dakar , Natal , Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo to Buenos Aires took place with an Avro Lancastrian . In the following years, Alitalia also used Douglas DC-4 , DC-6, Convair CV-340 and CV-440 aircraft .

In the 1950s it became increasingly clear that the existence of two national airlines, which resulted from the occupation, made little economic sense, even if Alitalia was more international and LAI was mainly active domestically. The planned merger initially failed because IRI did not own the majority of shares in the company. The LAI was eventually dissolved through capital increases and the acquisition of shares from private investors. By the end of October 1957, Alitalia took over the personnel, equipment and routes of the LAI. The six DC-6B and the six Convair 340/440 from Alitalia were joined by five DC-6s, six Vickers Viscounts and twelve Douglas DC-3s from LAI. From then on, the company was called Alitalia - Linee Aeree Italiane .

Jet age

Sud Aviation Caravelle of Alitalia in 1962

Douglas DC-8-42 of Alitalia in 1963

Alitalia Boeing 727-200 in 1980

Thanks to the merger and the continued expansion of the company, Alitalia soon succeeded in establishing itself as one of Europe's leading airlines. The Olympic Games in Rome helped the airline to carry more than a million passengers a year for the first time in 1960. After the first of six Douglas DC-7s had been put into service in 1957 , the jet age began at Alitalia on April 28, 1960 with the first of 15 Douglas DC-8-43s , which were supplemented by eleven DC-8-62s from 1967 were. With the DC-8, the Alitalia route network reached all inhabited continents. On April 29, 1960, the first of 21 Sud Aviation Caravelle for short and medium-haul flights was put into service. By 1969, all previously used fan guns were retired. At the beginning of 1961, Alitalia moved from Rome Ciampino to the new Rome Fiumicino Airport , where a training and maintenance center was subsequently established. The pilots were trained by the Alitalia Commercial Aviation School in Brindisi , which was relocated to Alghero in Sardinia in 1980 and closed there in 2005.

At the end of 1959, Alitalia re-established the Società Aerea Mediterranea (SAM) as a subsidiary . SAM, first established in 1928, was one of the airlines from which the government formed Ala Littoria in 1934. The new SAM was given charter flights from 1960 to 1976 and, if necessary, some domestic connections. As a rule, SAM received discarded aircraft from the parent company , more modern aircraft only temporarily when there was a special need. In addition, Alitalia and its main shareholder IRI founded the subsidiary Aero Trasporti Italiani (ATI) in December 1963 , which began offering domestic flights with some Fokker F-27s , especially in southern Italy , from June 1964 . Until it was reintegrated into Alitalia in 1994, ATI took over a large part of the domestic traffic with the F-27, Douglas DC-9 , McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and ATR 42 , but recently also flew to some destinations in other European countries. ATI only offered reduced services in Germany, which is why costs and prices could be kept below those of Alitalia. Here, too, there was a need-based exchange between the parent company and subsidiary, especially with the DC-9 and MD-80. Some DC-9s went to the short-lived subsidiary Aermediterranea from 1981 to 1985 . Another Alitalia subsidiary that also used (converted) machines from the parent company was Alitalia Cargo .

On March 14, 1969, Alitalia, Air France , Lufthansa and Sabena founded the ATLAS consortium in order to keep the training, operating and maintenance costs for the introduction of the Boeing 747 and McDonnell Douglas DC-10 as low as possible. To this end, the companies divided up the maintenance work and the procurement of spare parts among each other and established uniform standards for the components used. Alitalia received its first Boeing 747-100 in May 1970, the DC-10-30 followed from 1973. By 1982, eight 747-200B and eight DC-10-30 replaced the remaining DC-8-62 completely. Between 1967 and 1975 the Alitalia group received a total of 52 Douglas DC-9-32s for the short and medium-haul range; 18 Boeing 727-200s followed from 1976, eight from 1980 and then six more Airbus A300B4-200s .

Economic problems from the 1990s

Alitalia Boeing 747-200 in 1984

Alitalia Airbus A300B4-200 in 1985

In 1983 the group put the first two of a total of 90 McDonnell Douglas MD-82s into service, which initially took the place of the Boeing 727 and then gradually also that of the Douglas DC-9. The 14 Airbus A300s were replaced by 23 Airbus A321-100s in the mid-1990s . After the DC-10 had been retired by 1986, twelve Boeing 747-200s covered the long-haul routes alone, until 1991 the first of eight McDonnell Douglas MD-11s arrived, which were supplemented by 14 Boeing 767-300ERs from 1995 .

Alitalia operated at huge losses in the early 1990s. One reason for this was the influence of political circles on the then state-owned company. This influence contributed to a bloated administrative apparatus, inefficient corporate structures and low productivity. The fleet policy and the route network were not always based on business principles. The state holding company IRI, the main shareholder of Alitalia, also owned Italian aircraft construction companies which, among other things, worked as a supplier for McDonnell Douglas , which is why Alitalia was bound by external industrial policy goals. Under these overall circumstances it was hardly possible to survive in the increasingly liberalized air traffic market, especially against the emerging competition of the new low-cost airlines . In some respects, Alitalia finally positioned itself between the traditional airlines and the “low-cost carriers”. Strikes against necessary consolidation and rationalization measures, delays and declining service led to a loss of reputation for the company.

Starting in 1998, Alitalia gradually shifted the focus of its activities from the traditional hub in Rome-Fiumicino to Milan-Malpensa Airport due to the higher number of business class passengers . The desired success did not materialize because the old Milan Linate airport , which is close to the city, was not closed and potential customers from other northern Italian cities waived long journeys to Malpensa due to numerous direct connections to other European hubs . Since Rome-Fiumicino was also retained as a hub, Alitalia got bogged down between the two. The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 , military conflicts and the development of the oil price had a negative impact on the entire industry .

After Aermediterranea was taken over by ATI in 1985 and the parent company in 1994, Alitalia cooperated for some time with the regional airline Avianova , which then became Alitalia Express in 1997. In the charter business, Alitalia cooperated for some time with Eurofly , later with Volare and Air Europe . The cooperation with the Hungarian Malév , in which Alitalia had a 30 percent stake, ended in 1997 after just under five years. As part of an initial attempt at privatization, Alitalia and the Dutch KLM began a close cooperation at the end of 1998, which focused on the hubs in Amsterdam , Milan and Rome. The cooperation ended because of the strategic problems in Malpensa and due to the lack of full privatization of Alitalia in court and KLM finally had to pay damages in 2002. After Alitalia in coordination with Air France of on 27 July 2001 airline alliance SkyTeam was joined KLM was from 2004 as part of Air France-KLM in the alliance back to the partner.

Internally, from 1996 onwards, Alitalia tried to lower labor costs through the new company Alitalia Team. Alitalia Team should take over the entire flight operations, the workforce should be compensated through employee shares and more co-determination . The operation was only partially implemented, but in addition to medium-term cost advantages, it brought four years of peace with the influential unions for the group . In addition, there was a capital increase , as part of which the state-owned IRI sold 37 percent of its Alitalia shares. Alitalia recovered somewhat in the late 1990s; however, the problems in Malpensa and with KLM quickly clouded the situation again. From 2001, Alitalia again suffered enormous losses. Aircraft had to be shut down, routes canceled, staff drastically cut, real estate sold and capital increases carried out. From 2002, the Boeing 747s were replaced by ten new Boeing 777-200ERs , three MD-11s were sold in 2004 and the remaining five were converted into cargo planes and handed over to Alitalia Cargo. The aging MD-82s could only very slowly be replaced by new aircraft from the Airbus A320 family . However, Alitalia held on to the ruinous turnstile system between Fiumicino, Malpensa and Linate, also because of political influence.

privatization

McDonnell Douglas MD-82 of Alitalia in 2008

In January 2007 the Italian government initiated the sale of at least 30.1 percent of the block of shares (49.9%) still held by it through the Ministry of Economics and Finance , with the medium-term goal of fully privatizing the company. The SkyTeam partner Air France-KLM did not participate in the bidding process . In April 2007 it was reported that Alitalia would be taken over completely. Interested companies were the Russian airline Aeroflot together with the Bank Unicredit , the Italian investment bank Mediobanca with the US investment company Texas Pacific Group , the US asset manager Matlin Patterson and the Ap Holding from Carlo Toto, the owner of the Lufthansa partner Air One , called. The purchase price was estimated at three billion euros . By July 2007, however, all interested parties had withdrawn their offers.

In October 2007 the search for buyers started again. Here were Air France-KLM and Air One as a possible buyer. In December 2007, Alitalia's board of directors voted unanimously in favor of Air France-KLM's takeover offer. The Italian government agreed to this as the majority shareholder. In addition to a new capital increase and a renewal of the fleet, the planned far-reaching restructuring measures provided for the reduction of 1,700 jobs and concentration on a single hub in Rome-Fiumicino. However, the takeover of Alitalia by Air France-KLM met with fierce resistance in political circles; it was criticized, among other things, as a sell-out of the home. In northern Italy in particular, the degradation of Milan-Malpensa airport met with fierce criticism. The greatest hurdle, however, was the resistance of the influential Italian trade unions , which opposed any form of job cuts. Air France-KLM made its takeover offer contingent on an agreement with the unions. On April 2nd, 2008 Air France-KLM announced the final failure of the takeover negotiations.

Renovations at the end of the 2000s

Alitalia Airbus A321-100 in retro livery

On August 26, 2008 it was announced that the new operating company Compagnia Aerea Italiana (CAI) would be founded for the renovation of Alitalia . The group consisting of 16 investors under the direction of the Italian banking group IntesaSanpaolo was supposed to save the operational activities of Alitalia and take over the profitable areas of the airline with an investment of one billion euros. In addition, the loss-making areas were to be outsourced, around 5,000 of the 20,000 employees were to be laid off and several dozen aircraft were to be decommissioned. CAI was managed by the entrepreneur Roberto Colaninno .

In order to implement the planned restructuring, Alitalia's board of directors filed for bankruptcy on August 29, 2008 . The details and the implementation of the restructuring plan were then the subject of negotiations, which in turn failed due to resistance from the unions. CAI withdrew its offer on September 18, 2008. However, due to the threat from the Italian aviation authority ENAC to withdraw the license to fly, the negotiations were resumed a few days later. After the Italian government provided the unions with a severance payment of four billion euros, all nine unions finally signed the restructuring plan on September 29, 2008.

The so-called "bad company" flew until January 12, 2009. Then the parts of the company defined in the restructuring plan and also the second largest Italian airline Air One were taken over by Compagnia Aerea Italiana. The new airline now operated under the name "Alitalia - Compagnia Aerea Italiana SpA" Air France-KLM held 25 percent of the new company and was thus the largest single shareholder. The remaining shares were held by Roberto Colaninno's Italian group of investors.

The new Alitalia cut over a quarter of international flights; the number of aircraft was reduced to 148 (instead of 173 from the old Alitalia and 55 from AirOne) and the workforce was reduced to 12,500 employees. In the first year a loss of 326 million euros was recorded, the turnover in 2009 was 2.9 billion euros. 21.8 million passengers were carried, which corresponds to a load factor of 65 percent.

In July 2010, Alitalia joined the transatlantic alliance of Air France-KLM and Delta Air Lines , with which it can work more closely on transatlantic flights.

In September 2013 an additional capital requirement of around 400 million euros was reported. Salary cuts for the workforce and the board of directors had already been decided in June. In October the situation came to a head; the company, it was said, is said to have accumulated over a billion euros in new debt since 2009 and therefore urgently need a financial injection. At the end of 2013, Poste Italiane announced a stake in Alitalia; The postal company took over around 20 percent of the shares as part of a capital increase. At the beginning of 2014, the major banks Intesa Sanpaolo and Unicredit held 20.6 and 13.0 percent of the shares, respectively, while Air France's stake fell from 25 to 7.1 percent. In February 2014, it was said that Alitalia wanted to cut every seventh position and Etihad Airways was considering buying 40 to 49 percent of the shares.

In autumn 2014, Alitalia took over Air One flights for economic reasons. Air One's bases in Catania, Palermo and Venice were closed on September 30, while the remaining stations in Milan, Verona and Pisa ceased operations on October 30.

Etihad Airways joins and goes bankrupt

Alitalia Airbus A330-200 in the old color scheme

In August 2014 the entry of Etihad Airways became known, for which the new operating company Società Aerea Italiana (SAI) was created. The European Commission approved the takeover of 49 percent of the company shares by Etihad Airways with the condition that Alitalia had to sell slots on the Rome – Belgrade route because of the threatened monopoly position to the competition. Alitalia - SAI started operations on January 1st, 2015. The company's president is former Ferrari boss Luca Cordero di Montezemolo , while Etihad's managing director James Hogan is vice-president. Silvano Cassano was appointed CEO in September 2014 , but resigned from his position in mid-September 2015. In March 2016, Cramer Ball took over the CEO position; Before that, Ball had made a reputation for himself as a tough renovator at Jet Airways, among others .

In January 2015 it was announced that Alitalia should be fundamentally rebuilt. At the previous hub Rome-Fiumicino , the offer was to be expanded, additional long-haul flights were planned from Milan-Malpensa , from Milan-Linate mainly medium- haul flights to southern Italy and to several European capitals, in particular to the hubs of the Etihad partner Air Serbia at the time , Air Berlin and their daughter Niki Luftfahrt . Flights to the Etihad hub in Abu Dhabi should not only be available from Rome-Fiumicino and Milan-Malpensa, but also from Venice , Bologna and Catania . Additional long-haul aircraft, a new brand with a new look and a deeper cooperation with Etihad Airways were planned. In May 2015, Alitalia discontinued the close cooperation it had started in 2007 with Air France-KLM 2017, as there were insufficient synergies to continue. Alitalia introduced a new corporate design in 2015 . The green stripe along the hull, which had existed for 46 years, was omitted.

In March 2017, the management presented a new "rescue plan" in view of long-lasting losses. The compromise was brokered by the Italian government and initially also supported by the trade unions after numerous admissions in favor of the employees. 980 jobs and 600 part-time contracts were to be terminated and wages cut by eight percent. However, on April 25, 2017, this compromise was rejected by two-thirds of the union members. In April consideration was given to appointing an official administrator to decide whether Alitalia can be restructured or whether it must be liquidated. On May 2, 2017, management decided unanimously to file a government administration application and went bankrupt . On October 14, 2017, it was announced that the Italian government was extending a bridge loan of 600 million euros from November 2017 to September 2018 and was also granting a 300 million euros loan to maintain flight operations. This renewed state aid met with fierce criticism from the Italian public. On October 16, 2017, the German Lufthansa confirmed an offer of around 500 million euros for large parts of the insolvent Alitalia.

In 2019, the targeted investors and new owners included the state railway company Ferrovie dello Stato , the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Delta Air Lines , and the Atlantia holding company .

Due to the corona crisis and the aggravated situation for global aviation, it was not possible to find an investor. According to plans by the Italian government, Alitalia is to be nationalized and its fleet will be significantly reduced to around 30 machines.

Alitalia Cargo

Boeing 747-200F of the Alitalia Cargo System

Alitalia Cargo System was founded in 1947 by Alitalia as the company's freight division. Over time, the division deployed a number of cargo-only aircraft , including two Douglas DC-7s and Douglas DC-8-62Fs , up to three Douglas DC-9-32Fs and a Boeing 747-200F . Atlas Air operated further 747 freighters in wet lease for Alitalia-Cargo in their colors. Finally, Alitalia Cargo took over five McDonnell Douglas MD-11s converted into freighters from its parent company . In 2001, Alitalia Cargo became a member of the cargo airline group SkyTeam Cargo.

The division made losses, as did Alitalia itself. When the Italian state decided to privatize Alitalia at the end of 2008, the end came. In October 2008 the freight division was sold to Cargoitalia . When Alitalia Cargo ceased operations, a major competitor in the Italian air transport industry had collapsed. Since then, a number of new cargo airlines have been established in Italy. Cargoitalia has now also ceased flight operations. The Alitalia Cargo brand was again taken over in January 2009 by a division within the parent company. Alitalia Cargo uses Alitalia's passenger planes to move freight. In 2013 around 65,400 tons of freight were transported.

Destinations

Countries served by Alitalia (2014)

Alitalia serves destinations in Africa , Europe , South and Central America, as well as the Middle East and East Asia from its three hubs .

In German-speaking countries , Berlin-Tegel , Düsseldorf , Frankfurt , Hamburg , Munich , Geneva , Zurich and, since October 2019, Cologne / Bonn and Stuttgart are served.

Code sharing

Alitalia has codeshare agreements within the SkyTeam and with the following airlines:

Aeroflot ( ST ) Aerolineas Argentinas ( ST ) Air Corsica Air Europa ( ST ) Air France ( ST ) Air Malta Air Serbia Air Seychelles airBaltic All Nippon Airways Azerbaijan Airlines

Azul Linhas Aéreas Bulgaria Air Blue Air China Airlines ( ST ) China Eastern Airlines ( ST ) China Southern Airlines Croatia Airlines ( SA ) Czech Airlines ( ST ) Delta Air Lines ( ST ) Etihad Airways Flybe

Gol Transportes Aéreos Hainan Airlines Air France Hop Interjet Kenya Airways ( ST ) KLM ( ST ) Korean Air ( ST ) Kuwait Airways Luxair ( SA ) Middle East Airlines Montenegro Airlines

Pegasus Airlines Royal Air Maroc Royal Jordanian Saudia ( ST ) SriLankan Airlines TAP Air Portugal ( SA ) TAROM Uzbekistan Airways Vietnam Airlines ( ST ) Virgin Australia Xiamen Air

fleet

Alitalia Airbus A320-200

Airbus A321-100 from Alitalia

Alitalia Boeing 777-200ER

Current fleet

As of June 2020, Alitalia's fleet consists of 91 aircraft with an average age of 12.8 years:

Aircraft type	number	ordered	Remarks	Seats ( Business / Eco + / Eco )
Airbus A319-100	022nd			138 (- / 28/110)
Airbus A320-200	038			165 (- / 26/139)
Airbus A321-100	05			200 (- / 28/172)
Airbus A330-200	014th			256 (20/17/219) 262 (22 / - / 240)
Boeing 777-200ER	011		four leased from GECAS	293 (30/24/239)
Boeing 777-300ER	01		leased from Aercap	382 (30/24/328)
total	91	-

Other aircraft are operated by the regional airline Alitalia CityLiner under its own license.

Special paints

Aircraft type	Aircraft registration	Painting	image
Airbus A320-200	EI-DSW	" Jeep Renegade "
	EI-DTJ	"Employee Signatures"
Airbus A330-200	EI-DIR	" SkyTeam "
Boeing 777-200ER	EI-DDH

Former aircraft types

A Vickers Viscount from Alitalia, Milan 1965

In the past, Alitalia used the following types of aircraft, among others:

Airbus A300B4-200 ATR 42-300 ATR 72-500 Avro Lancastrian Boeing 727-200 Boeing 737-200 Boeing 747-100 / 200B Boeing 767-300ER Convair CV-340 Convair CV-440 Douglas DC-3 / C-47 Douglas DC-6

Douglas DC-7 Douglas DC-8-43 / 54/62 Douglas DC-9-32 Fiat G.12 Fokker F-27 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 McDonnell Douglas MD-11 McDonnell Douglas MD-82 Savoia-Marchetti SM.95 Sud Aviation Caravelle Vickers Viscount 785

Incidents

Predecessor companies

• On December 18, 1954, a Douglas DC-6B of the Linee Aeree Italiane ( aircraft registration I-LINE ) collided with the approach lights at New York-Idlewild Airport during the fourth approach attempt in the fog , crashed into the cold water of Jamaica Bay and exploded. Of the 32 people on board, 26 died while 6 survived. The cause of the unstable approach leading to the collision was fatigue of the crew, who had been deployed for around 30 hours on the route from Rome via Milan, Paris, Shannon, Gander and Boston to New York.

• On November 24, 1956, 34 inmates were killed, including the Italian conductor Guido Cantelli , when a Douglas DC-6B of the Linee Aeree Italiane ( I-LEAD ) failed to take off . About 15 seconds after taking off from Paris-Orly airport , the plane sank again and flew 600 meters behind the end of the runway into a house. One passenger survived the crash. The flight was to run from Rome via Paris and Shannon to New York. The cause of the loss of height after taking off could not be clarified.

Alitalia

Alitalia has recorded a total of 18 total aircraft losses between its founding in 1946 and June 2020, including 10, with a total of 474 fatalities. Some of the accidents are shown here as examples:

• On January 17th, 1951 (incorrectly registered as January 27th in the "Aviation Safety Network") a Savoia-Marchetti SM.95B of Alitalia ( aircraft registration I-DALO ) flew from Paris-Le Bourget to Rome-Ciampino airport . During the flight, a fire developed in one wing, which was probably caused by a lightning strike. The machine crashed 8 kilometers from Civitavecchia ( Italy ). Of the twelve passengers and five crew members, ten passengers and four crew members died.

• On December 21, 1959, a Vickers Viscount 785 (I-LIZT) had an accident while approaching Rome-Ciampino Airport . The machine, in which two of the four engines were set to idle on a test flight, became uncontrollable during the landing maneuver below the minimum speed for engine failure and crashed. Both people on board (the pilots) were killed.

• On February 26, 1960, a Douglas DC-7C (I-DUVO) crashed on the way from Rome via Shannon to New York-Idlewild shortly after taking off from Shannon for unknown reasons. Of the 52 people on board, 34 died.

• On July 7, 1962, a Douglas DC-8-43 (I-DIWD) collided with a mountain on its way from Sydney via Bangkok and Tehran to Rome while approaching Bombay . In the accident triggered by a navigation error, all 94 people on board died.

• On March 28, 1964, a Vickers Viscount 785D of Alitalia (I-LAKE) was flown into Mount Monte Somma (CFIT, Controlled flight into terrain ) en route from Rome on the approach to Naples airport . All 45 inmates were killed.

Wreck of the Alitalia DC-8, Palermo 1972

• On August 2, 1968, a Douglas DC-8-43 (I-DIWF) hit the runway in Milan about 11 kilometers from Rome via Milan to Montreal . Of the 95 people on board, 12 lost their lives.

• On May 5, 1972, another Douglas DC-8-43 of the Alitalia (I-DIWB) crashed during its nocturnal approach to Palermo when the pilots had not carried out the usual approach procedures and the machine flew into a mountain (CFIT, Controlled flight into terrain ). All 115 people on board died.

• On December 23, 1978, a Douglas DC-9-32 ( I-DIKQ ; baptismal name "Isola di Stromboli") from Rome also crashed during the approach to Palermo. The machine crashed into the sea shortly before the runway after the pilots had apparently lost their orientation and had flown too low. Of the 129 people on board, 108 were killed and 21 were rescued with the help of fishing boats.

• On January 7, 1980, a Douglas DC-9-32 (I-DIKB) from Alitalia burned out at Rome-Fiumicino Airport in Hangar 2 of the zona tecnica , where it was subjected to a C-check . Nobody was killed, but the plane had to be written off.

• On November 14, 1990, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 from Alitalia (I-ATJA) was flown into the area when it fell below the minimum altitude during the final approach to runway 14 at Zurich Airport . They bounced it around nine kilometers from the runway threshold in the wooded Stadlerberg between Weiach and Stadel bei Niederglatt . All 46 occupants were killed as a result (see also Alitalia flight 404 ) .

• A Dornier 328-110 (D-CPRR) had an accident on February 25, 1999 . The Minerva Airlines plane , which was operated for Alitalia, shot over the end of the runway when landing in Genoa , among other things because it was landed with an inadmissibly strong tailwind and touched down much too late. Four people were killed (see also Alitalia flight 1553 ) .

Trivia

Alitalia's Airbus A330-200 in action as “Shepherd One” here during a Pope's visit to Mexico

In July 2019, Alitalia stopped a commercial for flights to Washington after severe criticism. In the spot, an actor with black make-up could be seen playing Barack Obama. The practice called blackfacing has been defined by many critics as racist.

The Pope's international flights have been operated by Alitalia for over 40 years. The machines are mostly used for this as a charter and then bear the callsign "Shepherd One", which means "Shepherd One".

See also

• List of airlines
• Former Airlines List (Europe) (for Alitalia Cargo)

Web links

Commons : Alitalia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Alitalia website (Italian, German, English, French, Spanish)
• Data on the airline Alitalia in the Aviation Safety Network (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} amministrazionestraordinariaalitaliasai.com - Audizione Commissari Straordinari Commissione Speciale del Senato della Repubblica 17 Maggio 2018, accessed on June 10, 2018
2. ^ Paolo Ferrari (Ed.): L'aeronautica italiana. Una storia del Novecento. Franco Angeli Storia, Milan 2004.
3. ↑ flightglobal.com - Archive 1957 (English)
4. ↑ corporate.alitalia.it - ​​History (English)
5. ↑ ^{a b} airclipper.com - La Flotta ALITALIA 1947–1969 (Italian)
6. ↑ flightglobal.com - Flight International Archive, January 25, 1962 (English)
7. ↑ archiviostoricomediobanca.mbres.it - ​​SpA ALITALIA - Linee Aeree Italiane (Italian)
8. ↑ geocities.com - La Flotta Alitalia: dalle origini ad oggi (Italian) ( Memento of December 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ airfleets.net - Alitalia Fleet of B767 (History) (English)
10. ^ Roberto De Blasi, Claudio Gnesutta: Alitalia. Una privatizzazione italiana. Donzelli, Rome 2009
11. ↑ Andrea Giuricin: Alitalia. La privatizzazione infinita. IBL Libri, Turin 2009.
12. ↑ ftd.de - Rothschild prepares Alitalia purchase, January 10, 2007 ( Memento of January 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
13. ^ Corriere della Sera - Alitalia, Berlusconi: "Mi impegno io. Nuova cordata in pochi giorni », March 21, 2008 (Italian) ( Memento from December 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
14. ^ La Repubblica - Alitalia, i sindacati bocciano il piano Air France: "Non siamo obbligati", March 18, 2008 (Italian)
15. ↑ Update on Alitalia situation, April 3, 2008 (English), accessed on May 24, 2017
16. ↑ Comunicatio Stampa, April 2, 2008 (PDF file; Italian) ( Memento of November 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
17. ↑ aero.de - founded society for the rescue of Alitalia ( Memento of 14 September 2008 at the Internet Archive )
18. ^ Spiegel Online - Alitalia files for bankruptcy, August 29, 2008
19. ↑ Handelsblatt : "Italy's Broken Wings", Author: Jens Koenen, Issue No. 219 from 11./12. November 2011, p. 69
20. ^ La Repubblica - Alitalia, Avia e Sdl firmano accordo Lufthansa: "Seguiamo ora per ora", September 29, 2008 (Italian)
21. ↑ La Repubblica - Alitalia in volo fino al 1 marzo Sei offerte per la vecchia Az, September 30, 2008 (Italian)
22. ↑ derstandard.at - Alitalia made a loss in 2009
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