22nd Division (German Empire)

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The 22nd Division , also known as the 22nd Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Prussian Army .

structure

The command was in Kassel and the division was part of the XI. Army Corps .

Peace structure 1914

Organization of war during mobilization in 1914

  • 43rd Infantry Brigade
    • 2nd Kurhessisches Infantry Regiment No. 82
    • Infantry Regiment "von Wittich" (3rd Kurhessisches) No. 83
  • 44th Infantry Brigade
  • Staff and 3rd Squadron / Cuirassier Regiment "Emperor Nicholas I of Russia" (Brandenburg) No. 6
  • 22nd Field Artillery Brigade
    • 1. Kurhessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment No. 11
    • 2nd Kurhessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment No. 47
  • 1st Company / Kurhessisches Pioneer Battalion No. 11

Division of War of May 29, 1918

  • 43rd Infantry Brigade
    • 2nd Kurhessisches Infantry Regiment No. 82
    • Infantry Regiment "von Wittich" (3rd Kurhessisches) No. 83
    • 1st Upper Alsatian Infantry Regiment No. 167
    • 6th squadron / cuirassier regiment "Emperor Nicholas I of Russia" (Brandenburg) No. 6
  • Artillery Commander No. 22
    • 1. Kurhessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment No. 11
    • Foot Artillery Battalion No. 50
  • Engineer Battalion No. 128
  • Division News Commander # 22

history

The division was formed in October 1866 after the German War . Subordinate to her were predominantly troops that were formed by taking over former Kurhessischer units .

Franco-German War

The division was led by Hermann von Gersdorff in the battles of Weißenburg and Wörth at the beginning of the Franco-German War . On September 22nd, command passed to Ludwig von Wittich . Under him, the division took part in the battles of Artenay , Châteaudun , Loigny and Orléans . In January 1871, the fighting in the Battle of Le Mans followed .

First World War

With the mobilization on August 2, 1914, Major General Karl Dieffenbach took command of the division that was assigned to the XI. Army Corps was subordinated. With this it went westward until the conquest of Namur . At the end of August the corps involved , in addition to the XI. Army Corps, it was also the Guard Reserve Corps , relocated to the Eastern Front. There the division took part in the Battle of the Masurian Lakes .

Now the division was moved to Cracow and took part in the siege of the Ivangorod fortress . In the winter of 1914/15 the division camped on the Rawka , where its commander was promoted to lieutenant general on April 18, 1915 . On June 2, 1915, the division was declared independent and assigned to the 11th Army under Colonel General August von Mackensen , fought at Lubaczów , crossed the San at Sieniawa and advanced to Pinsk . Only at the Styr began for her trench warfare . After the Russian offensive, she spent the winter of 1915/16 in Volhynia . At the end of March 1916, the division of the 8th Army was placed under Otto von Below's position in Courland and stayed with Mitau until the end of June .

During the Brusilov offensive , the division of the newly formed attack group was assigned by the Marwitz in eastern Galicia . When the division withdrew between Lipa and Styr on July 20, 1916 together with the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army under Colonel General Paul Puhallo von Brlog , General Dieffenbach was given the command of this army.

After the retreat was brought to a standstill, the division, reinforced by two kuk infantry divisions , remained in its positions in eastern Galicia as Corps Dieffenbach until mid-December. She fought there until October 1917.

Then she was transferred to the Western Front, where she was involved in trench warfare off Verdun until May 25, 1918 . This was followed by the retreat and position battles in northern France and Belgium and finally, from November 12, 1918, the march back to Germany.

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Major General / Lieutenant General Hermann von Gersdorff October 30, 1866 to August 6, 1870
Major general Bernhard von Schkopp 0August 7 to September 19, 1870 (entrusted with the tour)
Major general Ludwig von Wittich September 20, 1870 to March 17, 1872
Lieutenant General Wilhelm of Mecklenburg March 25, 1872 to November 12, 1873
Major general Hugo von Thile November 13th to 24th, 1873 (entrusted with the tour)
Major General / Lieutenant General Hugo von Thile November 25, 1873 to January 13, 1874
Major general Heinrich von Blumenthal January 18 to September 11, 1874 (in charge of the tour)
Major General / Lieutenant General Heinrich von Blumenthal September 12, 1874 to February 14, 1881
Lieutenant General Ernst von Unger February 15, 1881 to November 22, 1886
Lieutenant General Hans von Passow November 23, 1886 to June 16, 1889
Lieutenant General Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen June 17, 1889 to September 21, 1893
Lieutenant General Bernhard of Saxe-Meiningen September 22, 1893 to March 21, 1895
Major general Paul von Collas March 22 to April 17, 1895 (entrusted with the tour)
Lieutenant General Paul von Collas April 18, 1895 to September 9, 1898
Lieutenant General Friedrich Leopold of Prussia September 10, 1898 to June 6, 1900
Lieutenant General Oskar von Rabe 0June 7, 1900 to January 16, 1903
Lieutenant General Josias of Heeringen January 17, 1903 to June 23, 1906
Lieutenant General Karl von Plettenberg June 24, 1906 to April 11, 1910
Lieutenant General Eberhard von Claer April 12, 1910 to June 13, 1911
Lieutenant General Carl von Oertzen June 14 to December 17, 1911
Lieutenant General Otto Liman from Sanders December 18, 1911 to December 7, 1913
Lieutenant General Hugo von Freytag-Loringhoven 0December 8, 1913 to August 1, 1914
Major general Karl Dieffenbach 0August 2, 1914 to December 16, 1916
Major general Kurt Kruge December 17, 1916 to August 1917
Lieutenant General Otto Neubaur August 25, 1917 to December 20, 1918

literature

  • Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 67, 121.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 119.