Bolshiye Vyasyomy

Urban-type settlement Bolshiye Vjasjomy Большие Вязёмы flag Federal district Central Russia Oblast Moscow Rajon Odintsovo head Andrei Belogurov First mention 1526 Urban-type settlement since 2001 population 12,650 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 190  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 49869 Post Code 143050 License Plate 50, 90, 150, 190, 750 OKATO 46 241 552 Website bvyazemy.ru Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 38 ′  N , 37 ° 0 ′  E Coordinates: 55 ° 37 ′ 40 "  N , 37 ° 0 ′ 20"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Moscow Oblast

List of large settlements in Russia

Bolschije Vjasjomy ( Russian Больши́е Вязёмы ) is an urban-type settlement in the Moscow Oblast ( Russia ) with 12,650 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement is about 40 km as the crow flies west-southwest of the center of the Russian capital - also the administrative center of the Oblast - Moscow and 25 km from the Moscow motorway ring. It is located between the rivers Große Wjasjoma (Bolschaja Wjasjoma) and Kleine Wjasjoma (Malaja Wjasjoma), which unite a little further north to the Vyasjomka, a right tributary of the Moskva .

Bolschije Vjasjomy belongs to the Odintsovo Rajon and is about 20 km to the west-southwest from its administrative center Odintsovo . The place adjoins the town of Golitsyno immediately to the northeast and is the center of a municipality of the same name (Gorodskoje posselenije) , which includes four other localities in addition to the settlement: the larger village of Malyje Wjasjomy (a good 1000 inhabitants) and Gorlowka, Jamschtschina and Sharapovka (each under 100 inhabitants).

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  Golitsyn Palace

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  Church of the Transfiguration of Christ

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  Bell chair (Swonniza) of the Church of the Transfiguration of Christ

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  Prefabricated housing estate Gorodok-17

history

Today's settlement goes back to the village of the same name, which was first mentioned in 1526 as a relay station on Wjasjom , in Russian Ostanoschny jam na Wjasjome . It was the penultimate horse changing station on the postal and travel route from the west to Moscow; the last one was in Dorogomilowo, today part of the western administrative district of Moscow. The village and a palace built there belonged to the family of the Russian regent and tsar Boris Godunov in the late 16th century . With the coronation of Michael I , ownership passed to the Romanovs' royal house. In 1694 Peter I gave it to the boyar Boris Golitsyn ; Since then, Vyasyomy was the ancestral seat of the Golitsyn family until the October Revolution of 1917, which is also reflected in the name of the nearby, now larger Golitsyno, which was located on the territory of the property.

In the second half of the 18th century a new palace was built and a park was laid out. In the Patriotic War against Napoleon in 1812, after the Battle of Borodino, the headquarters of the Russian army under Mikhail Kutuzov was located there for some time ; The place was however by the French troops on August 29th ^July. / 10th September 1812 ^greg. taken.

During the Soviet period, a kolkhoz was built on the expropriated property of the Golitsyns in 1929 . In 1935, a military airfield was built near the village of Malyje Wjasjomy ("Klein-Wjasjomy"; Bolschije Wjasjomy means "Groß-Wjasjomy") to the east ; A paratrooper school was set up in the former palace, and in 1940 a training center for tank drivers . In the German-Soviet war , the place was located near the front during the Battle of Moscow and was significantly destroyed.

In 1943 an institute for horse breeding was established in Vyasjomy, after its relocation to Izhevsk in 1954 the Moscow Poligraphic Institute for a short time, from 1958 finally the Research Institute for Phytopathology (WNII Fitopatologii). The damaged or destroyed architectural and cultural monuments were partially restored from 1948. At the beginning of the 1960s, not far north of Malyje Vjasjomy, the prefabricated military settlement Gorodok-17 ("Town 17") was built on the site of the former village Borissowka, which has been known since the 18th century , in connection with the settlement of the Central Aerophotogeodetic Unit (ZAFGO) of the Soviet Ministry of Defense, which was responsible for creating and analyzing aerial photographs .

In 2001, Gorodok-17 and other surrounding smaller settlements were merged with the village of Bolshiye Vyazyomy, and under this name the place received the status of an urban-type settlement. Since the administrative reform in 2005, it forms the municipality of the same name (gorodskoje posselenije) .

Population development

year	Residents
2002	5,667
2010	12,650

Note: census data

Attractions

The palace of the Golitsyn family with a park, built in 1784, is located near Bolschije Vjasjomy. The Church of the Transfiguration of Christ ( Спасо-Преображенская церковь , Spasso-Preobrazhenskaya zerkow ) dates from 1594–1598 .

Economy and Infrastructure

In Bolschije Vjasjomy there is a factory for precast concrete parts and packaging materials, logistical facilities of the Russian armed forces and companies in the food industry.

Moshaisker Chaussee (also known as Old Smolensker Strasse ; trunk road A100 ) runs through the settlement from Moscow . There it is crossed by the A107 highway , the Moscow Small Ring . The nearest train station is in Golitsyno on the Moscow - Smolensk line (route km 44 from the Moscow Byelorussian train station ), there is also the Malaya Vyasyoma stop not far from Malyje Vyasyomy (km 41).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Bolschije Vjasjomy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Municipality website (Russian)