Culoz
| Culoz | ||
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Ain | |
| Arrondissement | Belley | |
| Canton | Hauteville-Lompnes | |
| Community association | Bugey Sud | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 51 ' N , 5 ° 47' E | |
| height | 226-1,430 m | |
| surface | 19.36 km 2 | |
| Residents | 3,035 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 157 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 01350 | |
| INSEE code | 01138 | |
| Website | www.culoz.fr | |
 The center of Culoz in front of the Grand Colombier |
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Culoz is a French municipality with 3035 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Ain in the region Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . It belongs to the canton of Hauteville-Lompnes and the Arrondissement Belley and is also a member of the Bugey Sud community association .
geography
Culoz is located at 247 m , twelve kilometers northeast of Belley and about 33 kilometers northwest of the city of Chambéry (as the crow flies). The village extends in the southeast of Bugey , in a protected hollow on the western edge of the Rhone Valley , at the southern foot of the ridge of the Grand Colombier and on the edge of the extensive moorland Marais de Lavours .
The 19.36 km 2 municipal area covers a section of the Rhône Valley. The Rhône flows here in a broad valley from north to south. In the Culoz area, its water is divided into a canal and a wide oxbow river bed. The eastern border runs roughly in the middle of the valley on the Île de la Malourdie located between the two arms of the river .
To the west, the community area extends over the wide, flat valley low and the mostly densely wooded Jura slope up to the adjoining ridge of the Grand Colombier. From a geological point of view, this ridge forms an anticline consisting of sediments from the Upper Jurassic period . Above about 1200 m there are wide mountain pastures. At 1443 m , the highest point of Culoz is reached on the southern roof of the Grand Colombier. To the south this comb falls very steeply, wherein the slope below the viewpoint FENESTRE is crossed by striking rock walls. In the southern section of the municipal ban, Culoz has a share in the four kilometers wide and six kilometers long area of the Marais de Lavours .
In addition to the actual village, Culoz also includes various hamlets and farms, including:
- Landaize ( 250 m ) near the Rhône at the eastern foot of the Grand Colombier
- Châtel ( 260 m ) near the Rhône at the eastern foot of the Grand Colombier
Neighboring municipalities of Culoz are
- Anglefort in the north,
- Serrières-en-Chautagne , Ruffieux and Vions in the east,
- Chanaz , Lavours and Flaxieu in the south,
- Ceyzérieu and Béon in the southwest,
- Arvière-en-Valromey with Chavornay and Virieu-le-Petit to the west.
history
The area around Culoz at the foot of the Grand Colombier was already populated in prehistoric times and during Roman times. So an inscription was found for the god Segomo .
The place is first mentioned in 1135 under the name De Cullo . Over time, the spelling changed via De Culo , Castrum Culi (1413) to the current name Culoz, which has been documented since 1536. The names Cule , Culle and Culos have been handed down from a later period . In the 13th century, Culoz formed its own rule, which was under the sovereignty of the Counts of Savoy. With the Treaty of Lyon , the village came to France in 1601.
Attractions
See also: List of Monuments historiques in Culoz
The parish church of Saint-Martin was built in the neo-Gothic style from 1861 to 1863 . At the site of the old village church is the cemetery chapel, into which the choir of the former church from the 12th century was integrated. The most important secular building of Culoz is the Château de Montvéran , which was built in 1316 on a hill above the village and restored in 1687. Towards the end of the French Revolution , the former towers were razed. The current towers were added in the first half of the 19th century in the romantic-historical style. The Chèvrerie, a branch of the Carthusian monastery of Arvières, originally dates from the 12th century. Only a few remains of the former castle of Châtel-d'en-Haut have survived .
Culoz is the southern starting point of the Grande Traversée du Jura long-distance hiking trail .
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2011 |
| Residents | 2,317 | 2,412 | 2,523 | 2,630 | 2,639 | 2,622 | 2,954 | 2,924 |
With 3,035 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Culoz is one of the medium-sized communities in the Ain department. After the population had increased only slightly in the second half of the 20th century, there has been a significant increase in population since 2000. The local residents of Culoz are called Culozien (ne) s in French .
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Culoz was a predominantly agricultural village. Viticulture still plays a role as a source of income for the locals on the slopes north of Culoz, which are optimally exposed to the sun. A commercial zone has emerged in the past few decades on the plain south of the village. The main employer based in Culoz is CIAT . There are also some local small and medium-sized businesses. Many workers are also commuters who work in the larger towns in the area.
The village is very well developed in terms of traffic. It is located on the departmental road from Ambérieu-en-Bugey to Aix-les-Bains . Further regional road connections exist with Belley and Seyssel . The closest connection to the A41 motorway is around 25 kilometers away. Culoz is located on the Lyon – Genève railway line and has a train station from 1857, the reception hall of which is partially inscribed as a monument historique . The Culoz – Modane railway branches off here (via Aix-les-Bains and Chambéry to the Italian border near Modane ).
In Culoz there is a pre-school ( école maternelle ), a primary school ( école élémentaire ) and a comprehensive school ( collège , all three of which are publicly funded).
Personalities
- Léon Serpollet (1858–1907), entrepreneur and automobile pioneer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ André Buisson: Carte Archéologique de la Gaule - Ain 01 . Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres , 1990, ISBN 2-87754-010-3 , pp. 141 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ É. Philipon: Dictionnaire Topographique du Département de l'Ain . Imprimerie Nationale, 1911, p. 146 (French, online [PDF; accessed January 4, 2014]).
- ↑ French Statistics Institute ( www.insee.fr )
- ^ Culoz - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved June 11, 2015 (French, INSEE population from 1968 ).
- ^ Gare de Culoz in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French).