Frontenard

Frontenard
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Louhans
Canton	Pierre-de-Bresse
Community association	Bresse North Intercom '
Coordinates	46 ° 55 '  N , 5 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 55 '  N , 5 ° 9'  E
height	175-193 m
surface	12.31 km 2
Residents	223 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	18 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71270
INSEE code	71208

Frontenard is a French commune in the department of Saone-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Louhans and the canton of Pierre-de-Bresse . The community has 223 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), they are Frontenaisiens , resp. Called Frontenaisiennes .

geography

The municipality is located in the Bresse countryside , on a hill south of the Doubs and east of the Guyotte River . The Guyotte flows from the south and forms part of the eastern municipal boundary, crosses the municipality and forms part of the western municipal boundary, before flowing into the Doubs in Navilly . The Ruisseau de Mervins, which flows into the Guyotte at La Rangée , also flows along the southwestern municipal boundary . In west-east direction which crosses the department of road D73 ( Pontoux - Charette-Varennes ) the municipality in north-south direction of the D996 Navilly of Saint-Bonnet-en-Bresse . The two streets cross in the Bourg de Frontenard. The municipality is heavily forested in the south, a larger piece of forest can only be found along the Guyotte , southeast of Frontenard. Around half of the municipality is flooded and is under water after heavy rainfall. The following hamlets and corridors belong to the municipality: Abergement, Bouchardière, Culière, Faye, Mervin, Motte, Palouse, Piochis, Pont, Rangée, Recule, Taillis-Bobin, Teppe-au-Ryard, Vie-Gravée .

climate

The climate in Frontenard is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The annual average temperature is 11.0 ° C. Spread over a year, the rainfall adds up to 790 mm.

Frontenard
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     61   5 -1     57   7th 0     54   13 3     56   16 6th     77   20th 9     75   23 13     57   26th 14th     76   25th 14th     75   22nd 11     64   16 7th     74   10 3     64   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Toponymy

The name goes back to the Gallo-Roman property designation Frontiniacum - belonging to the Frontinus - and has been attested as Frontena since 1093 , in 1118 a Garoldus de Frontiniaco is mentioned. In the area you can still find Frontenaud in the Saône-et-Loire department and Frontenay in the Jura department , which both look back on the same name.

history

There has been evidence of a castle in Frontenard since the 13th century, and the place name Motte has survived to this day. In 1491 the community received a constitution from Oudet de Reigner and his wife Jeanne de Vienne . According to this basic order, the inhabitants had to beat the water in the castle moat with rods in order to prevent the frogs from croaking while the lady slept. Later the rule passed to changing owners, Charles de Sauliez, Christophe Bouton , Pierre Mareschal and others, finally in 1729 to François de Truchis and his wife Dame Catherine de Chanteret . On August 16, 1636 a gang massacred the population, set fire to the village and burned down all but one house.

A school was first mentioned in 1721, and in 1779 there was a boys 'and a girls' school. In 1828 this was located behind the church, later opposite, until it was housed together with the Mairie in the building of today's municipal administration in the 1850s . The church is made of bricks and dates from the 15th century, the choir and south chapel are built in the Flamboyant style. The church was enlarged and renovated in the 18th and 19th centuries and is dedicated to Saint Martin . In 1830 there was a café at the intersection in the village, in the second half of the 19th century there was a tavern in each of the corner houses at the intersection. A mill on the Guyotte burned down in 1914. In 1988 there were still 17 farms.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1886	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	466	553	563	582	545	566	595	630	631	645	630	628	633	563	479	444	337	246	235	220	220	224	233
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Frontenard Church

Frontenard Church and old school house

Economy and Infrastructure

The village has a church, a mairie (parish hall), a transport company, a construction company and ten farms. Volaille de Bresse and Dinde de Bresse are approved as AOC products in Frontenard .

Educational institutions

There is an École maternelle in the municipality , which is subordinate to the Académie de Dijon and is attended by 22 children. The vacation schedule for zone A applies to the school.

literature

• Claude Courtépée (1721–1781): Description historique et topographique du Duché de Bourgogne . tape 5 . Chez Causse, Dijon 1780 (French, Google Books ).

• Lucien Guillemaut (1842-1917): Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise. Vol. 1, Louhans 1897.
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842–1917): Armoiries et familles nobles de la Bresse louhannaise: armoiries ouvrières, armoiries particulières et de familles . Vve L. Romand, Louhans 1909 (French, gallica ).

Web links

Commons : Frontenard  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Frontenard. on INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on January 18, 2015 (French). 

• Frontenard. in the register of communes in France. Retrieved January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Frontenard. in the Base Mérimée . Ministère de la Culture, accessed January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Frontenard. in Archives départementales. Saône-et-Loire department, accessed on January 21, 2016 (French). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Frontenard. on habitants.fr. Retrieved April 1, 2015 (French). 
2. ↑ Le Doubs , length 453.1 km, tributary to the Saône , source at 46 ° 42 ′ 17.6 ″  N , 6 ° 12 ′ 32.4 ″  E in Mouthe at approx. 940 m, mouth at 46 ° 54 ′ 9 ″  N , 5 ° 1 ′ 19.6 ″  E in Verdun-sur-le-Doubs at approx. 175 m, Le Doubs on sandre.eaufrance.fr
3. ↑ La Guyotte , length 41.1 km, tributary to the Doubs , source at 46 ° 43 ′ 7 ″  N , 5 ° 14 ′ 26.9 ″  E in Saint-Usuge at approx. 205 m, mouth at 46 ° 56 ′ 25.1 ″  N , 5 ° 8 ′ 26.9 ″  E in Navilly at approx. 175 m, La Guyotte on sandre.eaufrance.fr
4. ↑ Ruisseau de Mervins , length 5.4 km, tributary to La Guyotte , source at 46 ° 52 ′ 6.2 ″  N , 5 ° 8 ′ 59.3 ″  E in Saint-Bonnet-en-Bresse at approx. 186 m , mouth at 46 ° 54 '29.5 "  N , 5 ° 9' 12.6"  O m in Frontenard to about 177, Ruisseau de Mervins on sandre.eaufrance.fr
5. ^ Department road D73. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved April 1, 2015 (French). 
6. ^ Department road D996. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved April 1, 2015 (French). 
7. ↑ Frontenard. (PDF) in the Dictionnaire Topographique de Saône-et-Loire. Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on April 1, 2015 (French, search term: Ctrl+ FFrontenard). 
8. ↑ Population statistics on cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved March 28, 2015 (French). 
9. ^ Chicken de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
10. ↑ Dinde de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
11. ^ Homepage of the Académie de Dijon. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French). 
12. ↑ Vacation and holiday schedule for Zone A. Frontenard. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French).