Mervans

Mervans
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Louhans
Canton	Pierre-de-Bresse
Community association	Bresse Revermont 71
Coordinates	46 ° 48 '  N , 5 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 48 '  N , 5 ° 11'  E
height	183-214 m
surface	25.78 km 2
Residents	1,494 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	58 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71310
INSEE code	71295
Website	Homepage Mervans

Mervans is a French commune in the department of Saone-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Louhans and the canton of Pierre-de-Bresse . The place has 1,494 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), they are called Mervandiaux .

geography

The municipality is located in the Bresse countryside , in the northern third of the Louhans arrondissement, and is one of the larger in the canton. In the southeast the Guyotte forms the municipal boundary , in the southwest the Ruisseau Briant and in the west the Florence . The Ruisseau de l'Étang du Moulin rises in the north and forms a short stretch of the municipal boundary. Finally, Le Colombier is the official river in the municipality. Five Étangs are officially named for the municipality . From the west, the department road D970 runs through the municipality to Mervans and then continues in a south-easterly direction to Saint-Germain-du-Bois . The department road D996, which connects Frontenard with Simard , runs in a north-south direction . Finally, the D313 department road connects La Chaux with Mervans. In Mervans there is a train station of the SNCF (line Dijon - Saint-Amour ), which is served by the TER Bourgogne . The municipality has no large forest areas, only in the northeast and southwest there are contiguous forest areas in the border area to the neighboring communities. The following hamlets and corridors belong to the municipality: Allée, Barre, Blaude, Bois-Mercey, Burteau, Buxy, Cailloux, Chapoutot, Charmois, Charmotte, Châtelet, Chêne, Croix-Fontaine, Etang-Chasse-Loup, Etang-Monard, Glairans, Gouge, Goule, Griffonière, Gué-de-Buxy, Guillemin, Haut-de-Gouge, Hôpital, Martray, Maupas, Meix-Gagnard, Montcharvey, Nuzeret, Platte-des-Bois, Reure-le-Château, Reure-sur- Florence, Reversey, Saint Claude, Soutenant, Toppes-de-Glairans, Toulouse, Tuilerie, Vaivre, Varenne, Vernois, VilleBasse, Ville-du-Bois .

climate

The climate in Mervans is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The annual average temperature is 11.0 ° C. Spread over a year, the rainfall adds up to 803 mm.

Mervans
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     61   5 -1     58   7th 0     56   12 3     57   16 6th     77   20th 9     76   23 13     58   26th 14th     77   25th 14th     77   22nd 11     65   16 7th     76   10 3     65   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Mervans Church

Toponymy

Mervans is first mentioned in the 11th century: Villa in territorio Cabilonensi quae dicitur Mervens ... (A place in the Côte Chalonnaise , the Mervens is called ...). The explanation that the place name Marvant originated from mare au vent (windy pond) is probably a beautiful invention. Just as implausible is an emergence in the sense of being owned by Merovingians . The place name is more likely to have originated in Gallo-Roman times and to have denoted the possession of a Mervius , Merulfus or the like.

history

In the Middle Ages, Mervans was a barony that belonged to the Lords of Vienne for more than four centuries. Documents from 1260 and 1279 show that Mervans, Longepierre and Seurre were given fiefs by the Duke of Burgundy. With the extinction of the de Vienne , ownership passed to the d'Antigny . In 1450 Nicolas Rolin , Chancellor of Burgundy, became the owner of the estate, which later passed to the Hochberg , de Longueville , d'Orléans , the Count of Soissons . The Prince of Carignan sold the reign to Claude Fyot III in 1700 . de la Marche , abbot of the Saint-Etienne monastery in Dijon. In 1736 the barony was elevated to the rank of Marquisate de la Marche, including Mervans, Devrouze , Villegaudin , Diconne and Saint-Martin-en-Bresse . The settlement was surrounded by walls and moats. Located between the Guyotte and the Briant , it consisted of a main street, which was lined with houses that - similar to Louhans - formed a kind of gallery with arcades and porches. This construction method is probably due to the climatic conditions, market was held under the arcades, protected from rain. This construction is still visible today at the Maison en pans de bois .

Like the place itself, the fortress was surrounded by moats. It stood by the church - the place is still called Châtelet today - and was known as Château de la Motte . It was destroyed in the 17th century during the war against Franche-Comté and completely demolished at the beginning of the 18th century. In the castle there was an open gallery on the first floor, where the ruler could sit down with her ladies and servants to listen to pelvic singers who paid homage to them. This type of construction was reserved for the manor palace, although other nobles from the area also owned houses in Mervans. The houses were made of oak, which came from the nearby forests, and the timber-framed-style walls were sealed with a kind of mortar made of mud and chopped straw. In the 18th century a new castle was built in the hamlet of Reure , and in 1770 a Michel Lory had a castle built in the hamlet of Glairans based on the model of Serrigny-en-Bresse .

In 1852, various objects were found during excavations : sword blades, everyday items, coins, keys and bones and in particular a coffin with a well-preserved skeleton.

It is likely that the current church ( consecrated to Saint-Maurice ) dates from the 14th century, probably built by one of the lords of Antigny from the Vienne family. Inside there are several tombstones, decorated with figures and Gothic lettering. The nave collapsed in 1902 and was not rebuilt until 1925. The bell tower, however, remained and is very original, shaped as an octagonal, twisted pyramid with a total height of 49 m, of which 33 m for the top. The twisted top makes the viewer believe that the tower is crooked, but this is only an illusion. Legend has it that the tower was built in one night by the invisible hands of fairies. A number of holes that these intentionally left open could never be closed and whatever material was used, it fell down by itself.

The parish of Mervans was lucrative and included the title of Archpriest of the Bresse, affiliated was a familiarity .

The 14th century brought the plague and like all of Bresse, Mervans suffered from the consequences in 1348, as an inscription on a tombstone proves. Only 13 families escaped, and afterwards formed the Brotherhood of Thirteen .

Mervans, who bought his independence from the lords of Vienne for £ 17 10 sous, owned all the facilities of a large village or town. The lordship had a castellan , three notaries were active at times, there was a leprosy station , which later became a hospital and was dedicated to Saint Sébastien . Around this center, which had a certain importance in the region, were large forests and wetlands, which disappeared through the increasing cultivation of the soil and allowed trade in Mervans to flourish. There were five grain mills, two oil mills and two brick factories in the village. In the 19th century the following were built: 1844 - Mairie boys' school next to the rectory, 1845 - grain market, 1850 - the free school at Grande Place , 1857 - rectory, 1883 - train station. Established in the 20th century: 1905 - new school, 1938 - school in Glairans , 1967 - municipal administration and post office and during the first half of the century there was a railway line Chalon-sur-Saône - Mervans. In 1988 there were still 65 farms.

heraldry

Since November 30, 1984, Mervans has been using the coat of arms, which goes back to the de Vienne family . A treaty shows that Mervans had belonged to this powerful family as early as 1266. The coat of arms is usually supplemented in the upper coat of arms by a wall crown with three towers to show that it is the coat of arms of a community and not a family. Descendants of the de Vienne family are still alive and are entitled to bear the family coat of arms. Blazon: A golden eagle in red, armed and billed in blue, with outstretched wings.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	1,792	1,559	1,998	2.118	2.140	1,971	1,832	1,800	1,891	1.961	1,904	1,945	1,824	1,815	1,777	1,608	1,593	1,285	1,231	1,169	1,331	1,465
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Old Bressanian house with arcades (15th century) maison en pans de bois

Old Bressan house, construction detail

Attractions

• Saint-Maurice church with twisted spire and glazed bricks
• Maison en pans de bois, one of the oldest half-timbered houses in the Bresse, from the 15th century

Infrastructure

In the parish there is a mairie , the church, 22 farms. There are also five grocery stores, nine construction companies, four hairdressers, three garages and six other companies in various sectors. The weekly market takes place on Friday morning. On the morning of the first Sunday of the month there is a market for regional agricultural producers. Crème et beurre de Bresse , Volaille de Bresse and Dinde de Bresse are approved as AOC products in Mervans .

Educational institutions

There is an École primaire ( École maternelle and École élémentaire ) in the municipality , which is subordinate to the Académie de Dijon and attended by 181 children. The vacation schedule for zone A applies to the school.

Personalities

• Pierre de Saint Jacob (1906–1960), historian

literature

• Claude Courtépée (1721–1781): Description historique et topographique du Duché de Bourgogne . tape 5 . Chez Causse, Dijon 1780 (French, Google Books ).
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842-1917): Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise. Vol. 1, Louhans 1897.
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842–1917): Armoiries et familles nobles de la Bresse louhannaise: armoiries ouvrières, armoiries particulières et de familles . Vve L. Romand, Louhans 1909 (French, gallica ).
• Paul-Louis Fonrojat: La Bresse bourgignonne à travers les âges. L'écomusée de la Bresse bourguignonne, Pierre-de-Bresse, 2011

Web links

Commons : Mervans  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Mervans. on INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Mervans. in the register of communes in France. Retrieved January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Mervans. in the Base Mérimée . Ministère de la Culture, accessed January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Mervans. in Archives départementales. Saône-et-Loire department, accessed on January 21, 2016 (French). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Mervans. on habitants.fr. Retrieved May 22, 2015 (French). 
2. ↑ La Guyotte , length 41.1 km, tributary to the Doubs , source at 46 ° 43 ′ 7 ″  N , 5 ° 14 ′ 26.9 ″  E in Saint-Usuge at approx. 205 m, mouth at 46 ° 56 ′ 25.1 ″  N , 5 ° 8 ′ 26.9 ″  E in Navilly at approx. 175 m, La Guyotte on sandre.eaufrance.fr
3. ↑ Ruisseau Briant , length 12.5 km, tributary to the Guyotte , source at 46 ° 43 ′ 15.2 ″  N , 5 ° 9 ′ 9.4 ″  E in Simard at approx. 207 m, mouth at 46 ° 48 ′ 5 , 8 ″  N , 5 ° 11 ′ 15.7 ″  E in Mervans, at about 185 m Ruisseau Briant on sandre.eaufrance.fr
4. ↑ La Florence , length 11.3 km, tributary to the Guyotte , source at 46 ° 46 ′ 23.5 ″  N , 5 ° 6 ′ 6.1 ″  E in Diconne at approx. 209 m, mouth at 46 ° 49 ′ 49.8 ″  N , 5 ° 10 ′ 21.7 ″  E in La Racineuse at approx. 182 m, La Florence on sandre.eaufrance.fr
5. ↑ Ruisseau de l'Etang du Moulin , length 6.2 km, inflow to Guyotte , source at 46 ° 48 '55.1 "  N , 5 ° 14' 39.8"  O in Serley to about 213 m, at the mouth 46 ° 47 ′ 35.9 ″  N , 5 ° 12 ′ 7.9 ″  E in Mervans at approx. 189 m, Ruisseau de l'Étang du Moulin on sandre.eaufrance.fr
6. ↑ Le Colombier , length 3.1 km, tributary to the Guyotte , source at 46 ° 46 ′ 39.4 ″  N , 5 ° 10 ′ 5.9 ″  E in Devrouze at approx. 201 m, mouth at 46 ° 48 ′ 5.8 ″  N , 5 ° 11 ′ 15.7 ″  E in Mervans at approx. 185 m, Le Colombier on sandre.eaufrance.fr
7. ^ Department road D970. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved May 18, 2015 (French). 
8. ^ Department road D996. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved May 22, 2015 (French). 
9. ↑ Mervans. (PDF) in the Dictionnaire Topographique de Saône-et-Loire. Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on May 17, 2015 (French, search term: Ctrl+ FMervans). 
10. ↑ Armorial des communes. Mervans. In: Archives départementales. Le Département Saône-et-Loire, accessed on January 16, 2016 (French, original blowing : De gueules à l'aigle éployé d'or armé et membré d'azur ). 
11. ↑ Population statistics on cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved May 21, 2015 (French). 
12. ^ Homepage of the municipality of Mervans, French
13. ^ Maison en pan de bois on Base Mérimée
14. ↑ Crème de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine det de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
15. ↑ Beurre de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine det de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
16. ^ Chicken de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
17. ↑ Dinde de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
18. ^ Homepage of the Académie de Dijon. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French). 
19. ↑ Vacation and holiday schedule for Zone A. Mervans. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French).