Pierre-de-Bresse

Pierre-de-Bresse
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Louhans
Canton	Pierre-de-Bresse (main town)
Community association	Bresse North Intercom '
Coordinates	46 ° 53 '  N , 5 ° 16'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 53 '  N , 5 ° 16'  E
height	177-214 m
surface	28.06 km 2
Residents	1,946 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	69 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71270
INSEE code	71351
Website	Homepage Pierre-de-Bresse

Pierre-de-Bresse is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the Arrondissement Louhans , is the capital of the canton of Pierre-de-Bresse and of the municipal association Canton de Pierre-de-Bresse . The place has 1946 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017). The residents are Pierrois , resp. Called Pierroises .

geography

The municipality is located in the north of the Bresse countryside on a plateau above the Doubs . In the southeast, the Ruisseau des Tenaudins grazes the outermost municipality, the western municipality drains La Charetelle . Finally, La Breux crosses the northern municipality. There are also numerous Biefs , artificial watercourses to manage the seven or so étangs in the municipality. The community is only sparsely forested, only along the south-east and south-west boundary of the community there are some forest areas, along with a park forest near the castle. The D73 departmental road runs through the town in an east-west direction , connecting Charette-Varennes with Bellevesvre . In a north-south direction, the D203 from Pourlans reaches Pierre-de-Bresse. Starting from Pierre, the D29 lead north and the D373 south via Authumes to Neublans-Abergement . Finally, the D13 leads south to La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur and ultimately to Louhans . Many of these today's departmental roads lie on the routes of Roman roads , in whose network Pierre-de-Bresse was an important intersection. The following hamlets and corridors belong to the municipality: Bas-de-Pierre, Beauregard, Bois-de-Pierre, Bois-des-Planches, Bois-Vinot, Bout-d'Amont, Buisson-Jean-Chêne, Champ-Renard, Chardenay, Colombier, Crépot, Cupriés, Duchaux, Duchie, Étang-Gruyer, Ferme-Rouge, Folnard, Grand-Mont, Grands-Champs, Grange-des-Bois, Hays, Herbins, Maison-des-Eaux, Maison-Neuve, Malatière, Marcouse, Martenne, Motte, Neressard, Pendants, Qualité, Raconnay, Sigrée, Teigne, Terrangeot, Terrans, Tuilerie, Villeneuve .

climate

The climate in Pierre-de-Bresse is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The average annual temperature is 10.9 ° C. Spread over a year, the rainfall adds up to 820 mm.

Pierre-de-Bresse
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     64   5 -1     60   7th 0     57   12 3     58   16 6th     78   20th 9     77   23 12     59   26th 14th     78   25th 14th     78   22nd 11     66   16 7th     78   9 3     67   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Toponymy

The name goes back to the Gallo-Roman settlement period, originally petra , in the sense of a large stone or a monument. The place is on the old road that led from Verdun-sur-le-Doubs to Poligny .

history

The oldest written document is a document from 1092, in which a donation from the Bishop of Chalon-sur-Saône to the prior of Pierre, Robertus de Petra , is certified. In the 13th century, part of Pierre-de-Bresse was a fiefdom of the Counts of Vienne . Since these in turn depended on the Burgundians , who actively participated in the crusades with their followers, the Bresse region was largely depopulated in the 11th and 12th centuries. Chroniclers state that “for every seven women there is hardly a man to be found”. For 1490, 69 fireplaces are given in relation to the number of inhabitants , which suggests a population of around 400 people. Nevertheless, Pierre still had a certain importance into the 15th century, not least thanks to its location on the old road between Verdun-sur-le-Doubs and Poligny . The Benedictines had set up a priory and a familiarity was connected with the church.

Pierre-de-Bresse castle, rebuilt in 1680

In 1380 knight Jean de Mypont owned parts of Pierre, which passed to Jean-Genevois Bouton du Fay by remarrying his widow in 1399 . Later they also owned the Pierre castle and they remained lords of Pierre for more than two centuries. Emart Bouton was Chamberlain and Conseiller of the Burgundian Dukes Philip the Good and Charles the Bold and owned large estates in the vice counties of Auxonne and Louhans . The Bouton family ultimately merged with the de Thyard family . In a will, Claude Bouton bequeathed the property to his nephew and godchild Pontus de Thyard with the stipulation that he and his descendants must bear the name and coat of arms of the bouton . The castle was rebuilt in 1680 and passed to the Estampes family in 1852 as a result of marriage . In 1956 the Saône-et-Loire department took over the castle and set up a retirement home in part of the outbuildings. Since 1981 it has housed the Bresse Folklore Museum.

Church of Pierre-de-Bresse from the 17th century, view from the west

Another rule in the territory of Pierre was that of the Grandmont , it was acquired in 1499 by Antoine Bouton and combined with his estates.

The wars in the 16th and 17th centuries (war against the Savoyard Duke Karl Emanuel I , Thirty Years War and War of Devolution ) brought terrible catastrophes to the place, the whole area was largely depopulated and only recovered very slowly.

On January 1, 1973, Pierre-de-Bresse and the western neighboring municipality of Terrans merged. On May 16, 1962, Pierre received the addition and thus the current name Pierre-de-Bresse, after the Bresse region had been defined and gained a new self-confidence.

heraldry

The municipality of Pierre-de-Bresse uses three keys as heraldic symbols, as used by the abbots of Saint Peter in Chalon-sur-Saône . The keys symbolized worldly and spiritual rule. Saint Peter owned a priory in Pierre-de-Bresse and also lands with the associated rights. Blazon: Three golden keys in red, arranged in stakes with a beard pointing upwards and a curved, diamond-shaped pommel, the middle key standing lower, each key bit has a different shape . The coat of arms is visible on the facade of the former Mairie , where the post office is located today, and is used on official letterheads of the municipal administration.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	1,403	1,510	1,728	1,751	1,992	2,059	1,900	1.993	2,004	1,935	1,944	2,000	1,904	1,758	1,765	1,811	2,050	2,097	1,981	1.991	1,968	1,966
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Main street ( Grande rue ) of Pierre-de-Bresse

Château de Terrangeot from the last quarter of the 18th century

Economy and Infrastructure

In addition to the church (dedicated to Saint Marcel) and Mairie (parish hall), the village has around 100 shops and handicrafts, 15 small and medium-sized companies and 14 farms. In addition, there is the entire infrastructure for a small town, police station, post office, pharmacy, doctors, restaurants and hotels. The weekly market takes place on Monday morning in the main street and the neighboring streets. On the morning of the second Sunday of the month there is a market for the regional agricultural producers. Volaille de Bresse and Dinde de Bresse are approved as AOC products in Pierre-de-Bresse .

Educational institutions

The following educational institutions exist in the municipality:

• an École maternelle attended by 77 children,
• an École élémentaire Fondation Guyenot-Paillot attended by 124 children,
• the private École primaire Lorieux ( École maternelle and École élémentaire ), attended by 67 children,
• the Collège Pierre Vaux ,

all subordinate to the Académie de Dijon . The vacation schedule for Zone A applies to schools.

Parish partnership

Pierre-de-Bresse has a partnership with Gensingen in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany).

Personalities

• Claude de Thiard Comte de Bissy (1620–1701), French general during the Thirty Years' War against Spain , born in Pierre-de-Bresse, died in 1701 in Metz
• Jacques de Thiard Marquis de Bissy (1648–1744), took part in the Dutch War and in particular in the Battle of Seneffe , born and died in 1744 in Pierre-de-Bresse
• Henri Pons de Thiard de Bissy (1657–1737), cardinal and bishop of Toul and Meaux, was born in Pierre-de-Bresse.
• Claude de Thiard de Bissy (1721–1810), general and member of the Académie française, died in Pierre-de-Bresse.
• Amédée Victor Guillemin (1826–1893), French scientific publicist, born and died in Pierre-de-Bresse

Terrans Castle

literature

• Claude Courtépée (1721–1781): Description historique et topographique du Duché de Bourgogne . tape 5 . Chez Causse, Dijon 1780 (French, Google Books ).
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842-1917): Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise. Vol. 1, Louhans 1897.
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842–1917): Armoiries et familles nobles de la Bresse louhannaise: armoiries ouvrières, armoiries particulières et de familles . Vve L. Romand, Louhans 1909 (French, gallica ).

Web links

Commons : Pierre-de-Bresse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Pierre-de-Bresse. on INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Pierre-de-Bresse. in the register of communes in France. Retrieved January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Website of the municipality of Pierre-de-Bresse

Individual evidence

1. ^ Homepage of the Pierre-de-Bresse Municipal Association. (No longer available online.) Cc Pierre-de-Bresse, archived from the original on June 23, 2015 ; Retrieved on March 28, 2015 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ Pierre-de-Bresse. on habitants.fr. Retrieved March 28, 2015 (French). 
3. ↑ Ruisseau des Tenaudins, length 13.4 km, tributary to the Brenne , source at 46 ° 53 '30.12 "North (46.8917 °) 5 ° 22' 57" Est (5.3825 °) in Mouthier-en-Bresse (as Bief Fourneau) to approx 212 m, mouth at 46 ° 50 '24.36 "north (46.8401 °) 5 ° 19' 32.16" east (5.3256 °) in Torpes at approx. 186 m, Ruisseau des Tenaudins on sandre.eaufrance.fr
4. ↑ La Charetelle, length 9.3 km, tributary to Les Mortes, source at 46 ° 50 '49.92 "(46.8472 °) 5 ° 15' 59.76" Est (5.2666 °) in La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur at approx. 199 m, mouth at 46 ° 54 '37.08 "North (46.9103) 5 ° 12' 29.16" Est (5.2081 °) at Charette-Varennes at approx. 175 m, La Charetelle on sandre.eaufrance.fr
5. ↑ La Breux, length 7.7 km, tributary to La Charetelle , source at 46 ° 54 '28.8 "North (46.908 °) 5 ° 18' 23.4" Est (5.3065) in Authumes at approx. 183 m, mouth at 46 ° 54 ' 14.04 "North (46.9039 °) 5 ° 12 '56.16" (5.2156 °) in Charette-Varennes at approx. 178 m, La Breux on sandre.eaufrance.fr
6. ↑ Pierre-de-Bresse. (PDF) in the Dictionnaire Topographique de Saône-et-Loire. Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on March 28, 2015 (French, search term: <CTRL> -f Pierre-de-Bresse). 
7. ↑ Lucien Guillemaut: Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise , Vol. 1, p. 145, Louhans 1897
8. ↑ Ecomusée de la Bresse bourguignonne - Château - 71270 Pierre-de-Bresse - Tél: [phone]
9. ↑ Saint Peter's Church in Chalon-sur-Saône. patrimoine-histoire.fr, accessed on January 16, 2016 (French). 
10. ↑ Armorial des communes. Pierre-de-Bresse. In: Archives départementales. Le Département Saône-et-Loire, accessed on January 16, 2016 (French, original blowing : De gueules à trois clefs d'or en pal, les anneaux en pointe, celle du milieu abaissée ). 
11. ↑ Population statistics on cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved March 28, 2015 (French). 
12. ^ Joachim Schäfer: Marcellus von Chalon. from the Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints. Retrieved January 22, 2016 . 
13. ↑ Tourism Organization of Burgundian Bresse, Louhans Market , French, accessed February 21, 2015
14. ^ Chicken de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
15. ↑ Dinde de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
16. ^ Homepage of the Académie de Dijon. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French). 
17. ↑ Holiday and bank holiday schedule for Zone A. Pierre-de-Bresse. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French).