Varennes-Saint-Sauveur

Varennes-Saint-Sauveur
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Louhans
Canton	Cuiseaux
Community association	Bresse Louhannaise Intercom '
Coordinates	46 ° 29 ′  N , 5 ° 15 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 29 ′  N , 5 ° 15 ′  E
height	182-219 m
surface	30.16 km 2
Residents	1,133 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	38 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71480
INSEE code	71558
Website	Homepage Varennes-Saint-Sauveur

Varennes-Saint-Sauveur is a French commune in the department of Saone-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the Arrondissement Louhans and the Canton of Cuiseaux . The municipality has 1133 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), they are Varennois , resp. Called Varennoises .

geography

Varennes-Saint-Sauveur is located in the Bresse countryside , in the south of the Louhans arrondissement and borders the Jura department in the southwest . The commune is traversed in an east-west direction by the department road D11 ( Cuiseaux - Saint-Trivier-de-Courtes ), in place it intersects with the department road D996 ( Sainte-Croix - Bourg-en-Bresse ). From the southern tip of the Sevron flows north through the entire municipality. At Pré Conflans it flows into the Solnan , which, coming from the south, forms the north-eastern boundary of the municipality in pronounced meanders . The southern border is formed by the Étang de Servillat with its Bief and the Sevron . Another bief runs along the southwest border, the northwest border finally forms the Sâne Morte . The municipal area is only sparsely forested but heavily sprawled. The following hamlets and corridors belong to the municipality: Abergement, Atrizet, Bataillard, Becreux, Bellanoiset, Besse, Biefs, Bois-Chevret, Bois-de-Monde, Bouchat, Buisserolle, Burettes, Butillarde, Cadole, Carrouge, Chanets, Chardonnière, Charrières , Châtillon, Chèvre, Communaux, Cour-Basse, Cuizeau, Curtil-Goulu, Duc, Dodats, Etang-des-Ducs, Etang-du-Flat, Etang-Niat, Etang-Rachet, Ferme-des-Bois, Flatiers, Foinard , Forêt, Forts, Gollards, Grande-Grange, Grange, Grange-du-Pin, Grange-Merle, Grange-Royer, Gravière, Jacotin, Jaffonnay, Jouguets, Maître, Malichy, Marlesses, Mazier, Mocarde, Mollards, Montadroit, Montjouvent , Muret, Oriol, Pâtis, Pavillon, Perche, Petite-Grange, Petit-Montjouvent, Planches, Poutillière, Provenchère, Réal, Reine, Salugnon, Sebots, Servillat, Sevron, Tageat, Teppe, Tuilerie, Vauvretin, Vauvrille, Veraudière, Vernat , Ville-des-Bassets.

climate

The climate in Varennes-Saint-Sauveur is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The annual average temperature is 11.0 ° C. Within one year there is 831 mm of precipitation.

Varennes-Saint-Sauveur
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     62   5 -1     60   7th 0     60   12 3     60   16 6th     79   20th 9     79   24 13     60   26th 14th     79   25th 14th     80   22nd 11     69   16 7th     78   10 3     65   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Toponymy

Already 898 is in the books of the monastery Gigny Varennes mentioned, in 1080 the mentioned monastery of Cluny the Parrochia de Varennis , so the parish and in 1417 the place is called Varines Sancti Salvatoris listed. As Varenna an area was designated, which was only used as pasture, which was usually rich in wildlife and remained therefore often reserved for the feudal lord as a hunting ground. The location of the community with the rivers whose water flow is irregular, the frequent floods and the resulting insecurity of the traffic routes made settlement difficult in the Middle Ages.

Nevertheless, places in today's community are mentioned early on, in 1078 the hamlet of Forêts (the northernmost quarter of the place) as Villa quae vulgo dicitur Foresta (German: the house that is commonly referred to as [in] the forest ). At the same time the hamlet of Buisserolles is listed, in the register of Cluny Abbey it is called Bosserolas (it is located around 2.5 kilometers northwest of the village, between Solnan and Sevron ). 1096 a Bernardus de Boschaio is called, the hamlet is now called Le Bouchat and is located 1.4 kilometers northwest of the main settlement. In 1150 Servilliacum is listed, the property of a Servilius , a good hundred years later this property is further described as Grange (1280) and Stagnum (1296). It seems that in Servillat (2 kilometers south of Varennes on the D 996) a barn and the Étang de Servillat have already been built , in 1347 a mill is mentioned there and in 1476 a Claude de Serville calls himself . The last, early mention of the hamlet of Abergement , which is mentioned in 1158 as Abergamentum and is 4 kilometers northwest of Varennes, remains . An old mill is still there today on the Sâne morte , exactly on the municipal boundary with Montpont-en-Bresse .

history

Varennes-Saint-Sauveur belonged to the Lords of Cuiseaux for a long time , but was a separate lordship with its own terrier (list of goods). In the 14th century, the rule belonged to Guillaume Bouton , who lived in the castle in Varennes-Saint-Sauveur in 1398. He donated the Notre-Dame Chapel or Rosary Chapel in the St. Thomas Church in Cuiseaux . Subsequently, the rule passed to the Princes of Orange and remained under the same rule as Cuiseaux . The Château-Réal castle was located in the hamlet of Forêt and belonged to an Alexis Fontaine in the 18th century , whose widow sold it to the knight Joseph-Marie-Emmanuel Desglans .

There was a castle in Bouchat that was owned by the Hermand du Bouchat family . On July 9, 1710, Jeanne-Cathérine married Jean-Charles de Saint-Mauris d'Augerant and it remained with this family until the end of the 19th century ( Le Bouchat was then still part of the Ain department). Another castle is attested in Servillat , which belonged to Michel-Benoît Poisot in the middle of the 19th century and finally there was a fiefdom with a castle in Mountjouvent (today near Varennes-Saint-Sauveur, south of the D 11 and west of the Sevron ), that of the family of the same name and later passed to the de Lévis .

Various hamlets in the south of the municipality and west of the Sevron formed a separate municipality of Buisserolles , which belonged to the Ain department . In 1793 it had 843 inhabitants and was integrated into the commune of Varennes-Saint-Sauveur between 1795 and 1800.

The municipality is located in a very sensitive area, with both the Sevron and Solnan draining large areas of the Jura foot. This results in an irregular and uncontrollable water flow. The following natural disasters are noted recently:

• Storm damage from November 6-10, 1982
• Floods and debris flows from December 8th to 31st, 1982
• Floods and debris flows from May 12-13, 1983
• Floods and debris flow from May 6-20, 1985
• Floods and debris flows from October 24-26, 1999
• Earthmoving as a result of the drought and subsequent water balance from July 1 to September 30, 2003

heraldry

The community uses a coat of arms with the blazon for its stationery: a golden bar in red . This coat of arms is that of the Balathier family , lords of the place in the 18th century. In various publications, however, the Balathier coat of arms appears as a golden bar in black . To what extent the coat of arms was misread due to the hatching is unknown. Strange, however, that the blazon coincides with the coat of arms of the boutons , which for a long time were the lords of Cuiseaux and thus also lords of Varennes, while the Balathiers at Guillemaut are not mentioned as local lords.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1886	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	1,111	1,609	1,681	1,812	1.934	1,972	1,951	1,988	2.120	2.125	1,985	1,980	1,880	1,678	1,584	1,456	1,201	1,037	1,054	1,039	1.005	1,145	1,142
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Culture and sights

• Chapel in late Gothic stone Flamboynt style (1857)
• Brick neo-Gothic style chapel in Le Boucat
• 19th century pigeon house, fully restored
• Old post office next to the bakery in the village center
• Castle Château-Réal from the 19th century, placed under protection in 1935
• Stone church, restored in 2000
• The 19th century manor house in Servillat
• The Tageat Mill , attested since 1631
• 17th century brickworks, fully restored

Economy and Infrastructure

In addition to the Mairie and the church, the community has 33 farms, a bakery, a butcher, a grocery store, an ironmongery, eleven construction companies, five garages, five veterinarians and three restaurants. Crème et beurre de Bresse , as well as Volaille de Bresse and Dinde de Bresse, are approved as AOC products in Varennes-Saint-Sauveur .

Educational institutions

There is an École primaire ( École maternelle and École élémentaire ) in the municipality , which is subordinate to the Académie de Dijon and attended by 115 children. The vacation schedule for zone A applies to the school.

literature

• Claude Courtépée (1721–1781): Description historique et topographique du Duché de Bourgogne . tape 5 . Chez Causse, Dijon 1780 (French, Google Books ).
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842-1917): Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise. Vol. 1, Louhans 1897.
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842–1917): Armoiries et familles nobles de la Bresse louhannaise: armoiries ouvrières, armoiries particulières et de familles . Vve L. Romand, Louhans 1909 (French, gallica ).

Web links

Commons : Varennes-Saint-Sauveur  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. on INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on January 18, 2015 (fr =). 
• Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. in the register of communes in France. Retrieved January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. in the Base Mérimée . Ministère de la Culture, accessed January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. in Archives départementales. Saône-et-Loire department, accessed on January 21, 2016 (French). 
• Website of the municipality of Varennes-Saint-Sauveur

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. on habitants.fr. Retrieved January 3, 2016 (French). 
2. ^ Department road D11. on routes.wiki.com. Retrieved January 3, 2016 (French). 
3. ^ Department road D996. on routes.wiki.com. Retrieved January 3, 2016 (French). 
4. ↑ Le Sevron , length 54.6 km, tributary to Solnan , source at 46 ° 14 ′ 52.1 ″  N , 5 ° 22 ′ 20.3 ″  E in Treffort-Cuisiat at approx. 364 m, mouth at 46 ° 32 '0.2 ″  N , 5 ° 16 ′ 10.2 ″  E in Frontenaud at approx. 182 m, Le Sevron on sandre.eaufrance.fr
5. ↑ Le Solnan , length of 61.6 km, to the inflow Seille , source at 46 ° 20 '33 "  N , 5 ° 21' 31.3"  O in Verjon m to about 227, mouth at 46 ° 37 '46.2 ″  N , 5 ° 13 ′ 5.5 ″  E in Louhans at approx. 176 m, Le Solnan on sandre.eaufrance.fr
6. ↑ Bief du Servillat , length 1.2 km, tributary to Sevron , source at 46 ° 27 ′ 21.6 ″  N , 5 ° 15 ′ 14.4 ″  E in Condal at approx. 194 m, mouth at 46 ° 27 ′ 41 "  N , 5 ° 14 '29.4"  O in Condal m to about 187, Bief du Servillat on sandre.reaufrance.fr
7. ↑ La Sane-Morte , length 54.6 km, tributary to Sane-Vive , source at 46 ° 22 ′ 31.4 ″  N , 5 ° 11 ′ 28.3 ″  E in Foissiat at approx. 218 m, mouth at 46 ° 34 ′ 30 ″  N , 5 ° 5 ′ 38.8 ″  E in Ménetreuil at approx. 177 m, La Sane-Morte on sandre.eaufrance.fr
8. ↑ Dictionnaire Topographique de Saône-et-Loire. (PDF) Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on April 16, 2015 (French, search term: Ctrl+ FVarennes-Saint-Sauveur). 
9. ^ Postcard from Château-Réal Castle , French, accessed December 15, 2014
10. ↑ Armorial des communes. Varennes-Saint-Sauveur. In: Archives départementales. Le Département Saône-et-Loire, accessed on January 16, 2016 (French, original blowing : De gueules à la fasce d'or. ). 
11. ↑ Population statistics on cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved December 13, 2014 (French). 
12. ↑ Crème de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
13. ↑ Beurre de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
14. ^ Chicken de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
15. ↑ Dinde de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
16. ^ Homepage of the Académie de Dijon. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French). 
17. Jump up ↑ A Varennes-Saint-Sauveur zone holidays and public holidays . Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French).