List of chemical elements

This list of chemical elements contains all 118 elements known to date and some of their properties.

Legend

The element symbols are color-coded according to element categories :

Alkali metals

Alkaline earth metals

Metals

Chemistry unknown

The maximum and minimum values for density , melting point , boiling point and the number of stable isotopes are highlighted in color.

list

Note on using the table: By clicking on the double arrows in the top line, the table can be sorted according to the values in the respective column (alphabetically or numerically) . Another click on the arrow changes the ascending direction of the sorting to a descending one.

OZ	symbol	Element name after IUPAC	category	Crystal system	Atomic mass ( u )	Density ( kg / m³ ) (20  ° C )	Melting point ( ° C )	Boiling point ( ° C )	discovered in the year	explorers ¹	Electron configuration	Number of stable isotopes

1	H	Hydrogen ( Hydrogenium )	Non-metal	hexagonal	1.01	0.090	−259.1	−252.9	1766	Cavendish	1 s ¹	2
2	Hey	helium	Noble gas	hexagonal	4.00	0.179	−272.2	−268.9	1895	Ramsay , Crookes	1 s ²	2
3	Li	lithium	Alkali metal	cubic	6.94	534	180.5	1317	1817	Arfwedson	[ He ] 2 s ¹	2
4th	Be	beryllium	Alkaline earth metal	hexagonal	9.01	1848	1278	2970	1797	Vauquelin	[ He ] 2 s ²	1
5	B.	boron	Semi-metal	trigonal	10.81	2460	2300	2550	1808	Davy , Gay-Lussac	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ¹	2
6th	C.	Carbon ( carbonium )	Non-metal	Graphite : hexagonal diamond : cubic	12.01	G: 2260 D: 3510	3550 ²	3550 ²	-1000!antiquity	-	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ²	2
7th	N	Nitrogen ( Nitrogenium )	Non-metal	hexagonal	14.01	1.170	−209.9	−195.8	1771	Scheele	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ³	2
8th	O	Oxygen ( Oxygenium )	Non-metal	cubic	16.00	1.33	−218.4	−182.9	1774	Priestley , Scheele	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ⁴	3
9	F.	fluorine	halogen	cubic	19.00	1.58	−219.6	−188.1	1886	Moissan	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ⁵	1
10	No	neon	Noble gas	cubic	20.18	0.84	−248.7	−246.1	1898	Ramsay , Travers	[ He ] 2 s ² 2 p ⁶	3
11	N / A	sodium	Alkali metal	cubic	22.99	968	97.8	892	1807	Davy	[ Ne ] 3 s ¹	1
12	Mg	magnesium	Alkaline earth metal	hexagonal	24.30	1738	648.8	1107	1828	Bussy	[ Ne ] 3 s ²	3
13	Al	aluminum	metal	cubic	26.98	2699	660.5	2467	1825	Ørsted	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ¹	1
14th	Si	Silicon	semiconductor	cubic	28.09	2336	1410	2355	1824	Berzelius	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ²	3
15th	P	Phosphorus ³	Non-metal	orthorhombic	30.97	1820	44	280	1669	fire	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ³	1
16	S.	Sulfur ( Sulfur )	Non-metal	orthorhombic	32.07	2060	113	444.7	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ⁴	4th
17th	Cl	chlorine	halogen	orthorhombic	35.45	2.95	−101	−34.6	1774	Scheele	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ⁵	2
18th	Ar	argon	Noble gas	cubic	39.94	1.66	−189.4	−185.9	1894	Ramsay , Strutt	[ Ne ] 3 s ² 3 p ⁶	3
19th	K	potassium	Alkali metal	cubic	39.10	856	63.7	774	1807	Davy	[ Ar ] 4 s ¹	2
20th	Approx	Calcium	Alkaline earth metal	cubic	40.08	1540	839	1487	1808	Davy	[ Ar ] 4s ²	5
21st	Sc	Scandium	Transition metal	hexagonal	44.96	2990	1539	2832	1879	Nilson	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹ 4 s ²	1
22nd	Ti	titanium	Transition metal	hexagonal	47.88	4510	1660	3260	1791	Gregor , Klaproth	[ Ar ] 3 d ² 4 s ²	5
23	V	Vanadium	Transition metal	cubic	50.94	6090	1890	3380	1801	del Río	[ Ar ] 3 d ³ 4 s ²	1
24	Cr	chrome	Transition metal	cubic	52.00	7140	1857	2482	1797	Vauquelin	[ Ar ] 3 d ⁵ 4 s ¹	3
25th	Mn	manganese	Transition metal	cubic	54.90	7440	1244	2097	1774	Gahn	[ Ar ] 3 d ⁵ 4 s ²	1
26th	Fe	Iron ( ferrum )	Transition metal	α-iron: cubic γ-iron: cubic	55.85	7874	1539	2750	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Ar ] 3 d ⁶ 4 s ²	4th
27	Co	Cobalt	Transition metal	hexagonal	58.93	8890	1495	2870	1735	Brandt	[ Ar ] 3 d ⁷ 4 s ²	1
28	Ni	nickel	Transition metal	cubic	58.69	8910	1453	2732	1751	Cronstedt	[ Ar ] 3 d ⁸ 4 s ² [Ar] 3d ⁹ 4s ¹	5
29	Cu	Copper ( cuprum )	Transition metal	cubic	63.55	8920	1083.5	2595	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ¹	2
30th	Zn	zinc	Transition metal	hexagonal	65.39	7140	419.6	907	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ²	4th
31	Ga	gallium	metal	orthorhombic	69.72	5904	29.8	2403	1875	Lecoq de Boisbaudran	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ¹	2
32	Ge	Germanium	Semi-metal	cubic	72.61	5323	937.4	2830	1886	Winkler	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ²	4th
33	As	arsenic	Semi-metal	trigonal	74.92	5720	613 ²	613 ²	1250!13th century	Albertus Magnus	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ³	1
34	Se	selenium	Semi-metal	hexagonal	78.96	4819	217	685	1817	Berzelius	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ⁴	5
35	Br	bromine	halogen	orthorhombic	79.90	3140	−7.3	58.8	1826	Balard	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ⁵	2
36	Kr	krypton	Noble gas	cubic	83.80	3.749	−156.6	−152.3	1898	Ramsay , Travers	[ Ar ] 3 d ¹⁰ 4 s ² 4 p ⁶	5
37	Rb	Rubidium	Alkali metal	cubic	85.45	1530	39	688	1861	Bunsen , Kirchhoff	[ Kr ] 5 s ¹	1
38	Sr	strontium	Alkaline earth metal	cubic	87.62	2630	769	1384	1798	Klaproth	[ Kr ] 5 s ²	4th
39	Y	yttrium	Transition metal	hexagonal	88.91	4470	1523	3337	1794	Gadolin	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹ 5 s ²	1
40	Zr	Zirconium	Transition metal	hexagonal	91.22	6510	1852	4377	1789	Klaproth	[ Kr ] 4 d ² 5 s ²	4th
41	Nb	niobium	Transition metal	cubic	92.91	8580	2468	4927	1801	Hatchet	[ Kr ] 4d ⁴ 5s ¹	1
42	Mon	molybdenum	Transition metal	cubic	95.94	10280	2617	5560	1778	Scheele	[ Kr ] 4 d ⁵ 5 s ¹	6th
43	Tc	Technetium	Transition metal	hexagonal	98.91	11490	2172	5030	1937	Segrè	[ Kr ] 4 d ⁶ 5 s ¹	0
44	Ru	Ruthenium	Transition metal	hexagonal	101.07	12450	2310	3900	1844	Claus	[ Kr ] 4 d ⁷ 5 s ¹	7th
45	Rh	Rhodium	Transition metal	cubic	102.91	12410	1966	3727	1803	Wollaston	[ Kr ] 4 d ⁸ 5 s ¹	1
46	Pd	palladium	Transition metal	cubic	106.42	12020	1552	3140	1803	Wollaston	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ⁰	6th
47	Ag	Silver ( argentum )	Transition metal	cubic	107.87	10490	961.9	2212	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Kr ] 4d ¹⁰ 5 s ¹	2
48	CD	cadmium	Transition metal	hexagonal	112.41	8640	321	765	1817	Stromeyer , Hermann	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ²	5
49	In	Indium	metal	tetragonal	114.82	7310	156.2	2080	1863	Rich , judge	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ¹	1
50	Sn	Tin ( stannum )	metal	α-tin: cubic β-tin: tetragonal	118.71	7290	232	2270	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ²	10
51	Sb	Antimony ( stibium )	Semi-metal	trigonal	121.75	6690	630.7	1750	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ³	2
52	Te	Tellurium	Semi-metal	trigonal	127.60	6250	449.6	990	1782	from Reichenstein	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ⁴	2
53	I.	Iodine	halogen	orthorhombic	126.90	4940	113.5	184.4	1811	Courtois	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ⁵	4th
54	Xe	xenon	Noble gas	cubic	131.29	4.49	−111.9	−107	1898	Ramsay , Travers	[ Kr ] 4 d ¹⁰ 5 s ² 5 p ⁶	6th
55	Cs	Cesium	Alkali metal	cubic	132.91	1900	28.4	690	1860	Kirchhoff , Bunsen	[ Xe ] 6 s ¹	1
56	Ba	barium	Alkaline earth metal	cubic	137.33	3650	725	1640	1808	Davy	[ Xe ] 6 s ²	7th
57	La	Lanthanum	Transition metal	hexagonal	138.90	6160	920	3454	1839	Mosander	[ Xe ] 5 d ¹ 6 s ²	1
58	Ce	cerium	Lanthanoid	cubic	140.11	6770	798	3257	1803	from Hisinger , Berzelius , Klaproth	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹ 5 d ¹ 6 s ²	1
59	Pr	Praseodymium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	140.91	6480	931	3212	1895	from Welsbach	[ Xe ] 4 f ³ 6 s ²	1
60	Nd	Neodymium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	144.24	7000	1010	3127	1895	from Welsbach	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁴ 6 s ²	5
61	Pm	promethium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	146.92	7220	1080	2730	1945	Marinsky	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁵ 6 s ²	0
62	Sm	Samarium	Lanthanoid	trigonal	150.36	7540	1072	1778	1879	Lecoq de Boisbaudran	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁶ 6 s ²	4th
63	Eu	Europium	Lanthanoid	cubic	151.96	5250	822	1597	1901	Demarçay	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁷ 6 s ²	2
64	Gd	Gadolinium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	157.25	7890	1311	3233	1880	de Marignac	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁷ 5 d ¹ 6 s ²	5
65	Tb	Terbium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	158.93	8250	1360	3041	1843	Mosander	[ Xe ] 4 f ⁹ 6 s ²	1
66	Dy	Dysprosium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	162.50	8560	1409	2335	1886	Lecoq de Boisbaudran	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁰ 6 s ²	7th
67	Ho	holmium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	164.93	8780	1470	2720	1878	Soret	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹¹ 6 s ²	1
68	He	Erbium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	167.26	9050	1522	2510	1842	Mosander	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹² 6 s ²	6th
69	Tm	Thulium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	168.93	9320	1545	1727	1879	Cleve	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹³ 6 s ²	1
70	Yb	ytterbium	Lanthanoid	cubic	173.04	6970	824	1193	1878	de Marignac	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 6 s ²	7th
71	Lu	lutetium	Lanthanoid	hexagonal	174.97	9840	1656	3315	1907	from Welsbach , Urbain	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹ 6 s ²	1
72	Hf	hafnium	Transition metal	hexagonal	178.49	13310	2150	5400	1923	Coster , de Hevesy	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5d ² 6 s ²	5
73	Ta	Tantalum	Transition metal	cubic	180.95	16680	2996	5425	1802	Ekeberg	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ³ 6 s ²	1
74	W.	tungsten	Transition metal	cubic	183.85	19260	3407	5927	1783	Fausto and Juan de Elhuyar	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5d ⁴ 6 s ²	4th
75	re	rhenium	Transition metal	hexagonal	186.21	21030	3180	5627	1925	Noddack , Tacke , Berg	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ⁵ 6 s ²	1
76	Os	osmium	Transition metal	hexagonal	190.23	22590	3045	5027	1803	Tennant	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ⁶ 6 s ²	5
77	Ir	iridium	Transition metal	cubic	192.22	22560	2410	4130	1803	Tennant	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ⁷ 6 s ²	2
78	Pt	platinum	Transition metal	cubic	195.08	21450	1772	3827	1557	Scaliger	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ⁹ 6 s ¹	5
79	Au	Gold ( aurum )	Transition metal	cubic	196.97	19320	1064.4	2940	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ¹	1
80	Ed	Mercury ( Hydrargyrum )	Transition metal	trigonal	200.59	13550	−38.9	356.6	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ²	7th
81	Tl	Thallium	metal	hexagonal	204.38	11850	303.6	1457	1861	Crookes	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6p ¹	2
82	Pb	Lead ( plumbum )	metal	cubic	207.2	11340	327.5	1740	-1000!antiquity	-	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6 p ²	3
83	Bi	Bismuth (also bismuth )	metal	trigonal	208.98	9800	271.4	1560	1540	Agricola	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6 p ³	0
84	Po	polonium	metal	α-polonium: cubic β-polonium: trigonal	208.98	9200	254	962	1898	Marie and Pierre Curie	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6 p ⁴	0
85	At	Astatine	halogen	cubic	209.99		302	337	1940	Segrè	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6 p ⁵	0
86	Marg	radon	Noble gas	cubic	222.02	9.23	−71	−61.8	1900	mandrel	[ Xe ] 4 f ¹⁴ 5 d ¹⁰ 6 s ² 6 p ⁶	0
87	Fr.	Francium	Alkali metal	cubic	223.02		27	677	1939	Perey	[ Rn ] 7 s ¹	0
88	Ra	radium	Alkaline earth metal	cubic	226.03	5500	700	1140	1898	Marie and Pierre Curie	[ Rn ] 7 s ²	0
89	Ac	Actinium	Transition metal	cubic	227.03	10070	1047	3197	1899	Debierne	[ Rn ] 6 d ¹ 7 s ²	0
90	Th	Thorium	Actinoid	cubic	232.04	11720	1750	4787	1829	Berzelius	[ Rn ] 6 d ² 7 s ²	0
91	Pa	Protactinium	Actinoid	tetragonal	231.04	15370	1554	4030	1917	Fajans , Hahn , Meitner	[ Rn ] 5 f ² 6 d ¹ 7 s ²	0
92	U	uranium	Actinoid	orthorhombic	238.03	18970	1132.4	3818	1789	Klaproth	[ Rn ] 5 f ³ 6 d ¹ 7 s ²	0
93	Np	neptunium	Actinoid	orthorhombic	237.05	20480	640	3902	1940	McMillan , Abelson	[ Rn ] 5 f ⁴ 6 d ¹ 7 s ²	0
94	Pooh	plutonium	Actinoid	monoclinic	244.06	19740	641	3327	1940	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ⁶ 7 s ²	0
95	At the	Americium	Actinoid	hexagonal	243.06	13670	994	2607	1944	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ⁷ 7 s ²	0
96	Cm	Curium	Actinoid	hexagonal	247.07	13510	1340	3110	1944	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ⁷ 6 d ¹ 7 s ²	0
97	Bk	Berkelium	Actinoid	hexagonal	247.07	13250	986		1949	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ⁹ 7 s ²	0
98	Cf	Californium	Actinoid	hexagonal	251.08	15100	900		1950	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁰ 7 s ²	0
99	It	Einsteinium	Actinoid	cubic	252.08		860		1952	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹¹ 7 s ²	0
100	Fm	Fermium	Actinoid	cubic	257.10				1952	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹² 7 s ²	0
101	Md	Mendelevium	Actinoid	cubic	258				1955	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹³ 7 s ²	0
102	No	Nobelium	Actinoid	cubic	259				1958	Seaborg	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 7 s ²	0
103	Lr	lawrencium	Actinoid	hexagonal	260		1627		1961	Ghiorso	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹ 7 s ² [Rn] 5f ¹⁴ 7s ² 7p ¹	0
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	Transition metal	hexagonal	261.11				1964/69	Ghiorso	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ² 7 s ²	0
105	Db	Dubnium	Transition metal	cubic	262.11				1967/70	Ghiorso	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ³ 7 s ²	0
106	Sg	Seaborgium	Transition metal	cubic	263.12				1974	Oganessian	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ⁴ 7 s ²	0
107	Bra	Bohrium	Transition metal	hexagonal	262.12				1976	Oganessian	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ⁵ 7 s ²	0
108	Hs	Hassium	Transition metal	hexagonal	265				1984	GSI	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ⁶ 7 s ²	0
109	Mt	Meitnerium			266				1982	GSI	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ⁷ 7 s ²	0
110	Ds	Darmstadtium			269				1994	GSI	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ⁸ 7 s ²	0
111	Rg	Roentgenium			272				1994	GSI	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ¹	0
112	Cn	Copernicium			277				1996	GSI	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ²	0
113	Nh	Nihonium			287				2006	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ¹	0
114	Fl	Flerovium			289				1999	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ²	0
115	Mc	Moscovium			288				2006	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ³	0
116	Lv	Livermorium			289				2000	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ⁴	0
117	Ts	Tenness			292				2010	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ⁵	0
118	Above	Oganesson			293				2006	JINR	[ Rn ] 5 f ¹⁴ 6 d ¹⁰ 7 s ² 7 p ⁶	0

¹For reasons of clarity, not all discoverers are named here. More details can be found on the article pages for the individual elements.

² Sublimation point

³Data for P ₄ , see section Modifications and properties of the article

Different element names

This section deals with different spellings of element names, (partly outdated) foreign-language terms and symbols as well as multiple names and symbols that exist at times.

The German spellings are not specially marked, the English with English, French with French, Russian with Russian, Latin with Latin, Greek with Greek. The elements are sorted according to the ordinal number. Only elements with different names or spellings are listed, including outdated ones. Almost all entries (up to element 103) come from the book Brockhaus ABC Chemie, GDR, 1965.

Z	symbol	current name, deviations
0		The neutron "n" is only designated with the symbol "Nn" ("neutronium") when it is classified in the periodic table as an "element with atomic number 0 and mass number 1".
1	H	Hydrogen, Latin / English: Hydrogenium, Protium (light hydrogen): its nucleus p = proton
1	D.	Hydrogen, Latin / English: Hydrogenium, Deuterium (heavy "2" hydrogen); its nucleus d = deuteron
1	T	Hydrogen, Latin / English: Hydrogenium, Tritium (super-heavy "3" hydrogen); its core t = Triton
1		Hydrogen is also available as H-4, H-5, H-6, H-7. - In the satirical novella Leonard Wibberley : The Mouse That Roared from 1955, H-4 is referred to as Quadium.
1	Mu	A muonium, symbol Mu, is a short-lived, atom-like particle system consisting of an antimuon μ + (positive muon) as the nucleus and a 1s electron e-. In the English-speaking world and according to IUPAC, the muonium is called muonium.
1		(H across) anti-hydrogen
4th	Be	outdated French: symbol Gl, beryllium, outdated French: Glucinium (Gl)
6th	C.	Carbon, Latin / English: Carboneum or Carbonium
7th	N	outdated French: symbol Az, nitrogen, English: Nitrogen, lat./engl .: Nitrogenium, outdated French: Azote (Az)
8th	O	Oxygen, English: Oxygen, Latin / English: Oxygenium
11	N / A	Sodium, English: Sodium
13	Al	Aluminum also: aluminum
14th	Si	Silicon
15th	P	Phosphorus, Latin: Phosphorum, Engl .: Phosphorus, Engl. obsolete: phosphorium
16	S.	Sulfur, Latin: Sulfur, English: Sulfur, English: Sulfurium
18th	Ar	Argon, outdated English / French: symbol A
19th	K	Potassium, Latin / English: Potassium
20th	Approx	Calcium, English: calcium
21st	Sc	Scandium, English: Scandium, outdated: Eka-Bor
22nd	Ti	Titan, English: Titanium
23	V	German / English: Vanadium, outdated German: Vanadin
24	Cr	Chromium, English: Chromium
25th	Mn	Manganese: Manganium
26th	Fe	Eisen, lat./engl .: Ferrum, engl. Iron
27	Co	Cobalt, English: Cobalt, Latin / Latinized: Cobaltum
29	Cu	Kupfer, English: Copper, Latin / English: Cuprum
30th	Zn	Zink, Engl .: Zinc
31	Ga	Gallium, obsolete: Eka aluminum
32	Ge	Germanium, out of date: Eka silicon
33	As	Arsenic, Latin: arsenum, English: arsenium
34	Se	Selenium, English: Selenium
40	Zr	Zirconium, English: zirconium
41	Nb	outdated French / English: symbol Cb, niobium, niobium, outdated French / English: Columbium (Cb)
43	Tc	obsolete: Ma, technetium, obsolete: Masurium (Ma), obsolete: Eka-Mangan
44	Ru	Ruthenium, out of date: ruthenium
47	Ag	Silver, argentum, silver
50	Sn	Zinn, English: Tin, Latin / English: Stannum
51	Sb	Antimony, Latin / English: stibium, Arabic / Latinized: antimonium
53	I.	formerly J, German / English: iodine, German: iodine
54	Xe	outdated French: symbol X, xenon
55	Cs	Cesium, cesium, English: cesium
57	Ln	With "Ln" the group of lanthanides including lanthanum is collectively named. Obsolete: lanthanides.
58	Ce	German: Zer, Zerium, Cer or Cerium, English: Cerium
59	Pr	Praseodymium, praseodymium
60	Nd	Neodymium, English: Neodymium
61	Pm	obsolete: symbol Cy, obsolete: symbol Fl, obsolete: symbol Il, Promethium, obsolete Cyclonium (Cy), obsolete Florentium (Fl), obsolete: Illinois (Il)
69	Tm	obsolete Russian: symbol Tu, Thulium, obsolete Russian: "Thuli" (Tu)
71	Lu	outdated French: Cp, Lutetium, outdated French: Cassiopeium (Cp)
72	Hf	Hafnium, outdated French: Celtium (outdated symbol?)
73	Ta	Tantalum, English: Tantalium or Tantalum
74	W.	Wolfram, engl./russ. Tungsten
75	re	Rhenium, outdated: Dwi-Mangan (see Dwi )
78	Pt	Platin, English: Platinium or Platinum
79	Au	Gold, Latin: Aurum
80	Ed	Mercury, English: Mercurium, gr./lat .: Hydrargyrum
82	Pb	Lead, lat .: plumbum
83	Bi	Bismuth, Bismut, Latin: Bismutum, English: Bismutum?
84	Po	Polonium, obsolete: eka-tellurium
85	At	obsolete americ. Symbol Ab, Astat, English: Astatium ?, outdated: Eka-Iod, outdated (USA 1931): Alabamium (Ab), outdated: Astatine
86	Marg	outdated engl: symbol Nt, radon, outdated engl. Niton (Nt), outdated German: Radium-Emanation - (see also Emanation )
86	On	With symbol "On" also is radon isotope Aktinon (also: Aktinium- emanation ) named mass number 219th
86	Tn	The radon-220 isotope “Thoron” was named with the symbol “Tn”
87	Fr.	obsolete French: symbol Fa, obsolete American: symbol Vi, obsolete Romanian: symbol MI, Frankium, Francium, (wrongly?) Franzium, obsolete: Eka-Cesium, obsolete American: Virginium (Vi), obsolete Romanian: Moldavium (MI)
89	Ac	Actinium, actinium
89	On	The group of actinides including actinium is summarized with “An”. Obsolete: actinides.
90	Th	Thorium, obsolete: Eka-Zerium
90	Io	The thorium 230 isotope “Ionium” was named with the symbol “Io”
91	Pa	Protactinium, obsolete: Saturnium (symbol?) - US proposal 1954 - obsolete: Eka-Tantalum
92	U	Uranium, English: Uranium
93	Np	Neptunium, obsolete: Eka-Promethium
94	Pooh	Plutonium, obsolete: Eka-Samarium
95	At the	Americian, Americium, obsolete: Eka-Europium
96	Cm	Kurium, Curium, obsolete: Eka-Gadolinium
97	Bk	Berkelium, obsolete: Eka-Terbium
98	Cf	Kalifornium, English: Californium, outdated: Eka-Dysprosium
99	It	Einsteinium, obsolete: Eka-Holmium
100	Fm	obsolete frz: symbol Ct, fermium, obsolete frz: Centurium (Ct), obsolete: Eka-Erbium
101	Md	Mendelevium, obsolete: Eka-Thulium
102	No	Nobelium, obsolete: eka-ytterbium
103	Lr	outdated: symbol Lw, outdated spelling German: Lawrentium (Lw), Lawrencium, outdated: Eka-Lutetium
104	Rf	obsolete Russian: symbol Ku, obsolete: symbol Unq, rutherfordium (Rf), obsolete Russian .: Kurtschatowium or Kurčatovium (Ku), obsolete: Unnilquadium (Unq), obsolete: Eka-Hafnium
104	Ku	Element 104 was named in 1989 in Eastern Bloc literature as Kurtschatowium (Kurcatovium), symbol Ku, but also rutherfordium, symbol Rf.
105	Db	obsolete: symbol Unp, Dubnium, obsolete: Unnilpentium (Unp), obsolete: Hahnium (symbol Ha)
106	Sg	obsolete: symbol Unh, Seaborgium, obsolete: Unnilhexium (Unh), obsolete: Eka-Wolfram
107	Bra	obsolete: symbol Bo, obsolete: symbol Uns, Bohrium, obsolete: Nielsbohrium (Ns, Bh or Bo), obsolete: Unnilseptium (Uns)
108	Hs	obsolete: symbol Uno, Hassium, obsolete: Unniloctium (Uno), obsolete: Eka-Osmium
109	Mt	obsolete: symbol Une, Meitnerium, obsolete: Unnilennium (Une)
110	Ds	outdated: symbol Uun, Darmstadtium, outdated: Ununnilium (Uun), outdated: Eka-Platin
111	Rg	outdated: symbol Uuu, Röntgenium, English: Roentgenium, outdated: Unununium (Uuu), outdated: Eka-Gold
112	Cn	obsolete: symbol Uub, Copernicium, obsolete: Ununbium (Uub), obsolete: Eka-Mercury
113	Nh	obsolete: symbol Uut, Nihonium, obsolete: Ununtrium (Uut), obsolete: Eka-Thallium
114	Fl	obsolete: symbol Uuq, Flerovium, obsolete: Ununquadium (Uuq), obsolete: Eka-lead
115	Mc	obsolete: symbol Uup, Moscovium, obsolete: Ununpentium (Uup), obsolete: eka-bismuth
116	Lv	outdated: symbol Uuh, Livermorium, outdated: Ununhexium (Uuh), outdated: Eka-Polonium
117	Ts	obsolete: symbol Uus, Tenness, obsolete: Ununseptium (Uus), obsolete: Eka-Astat
118	Above	obsolete: symbol Uuo, Oganesson, obsolete: Ununoctium (Uuo), obsolete: Eka-Radon
119		predicted element 119, Eka-Franzium (presumed mass number 315)
120		predicted element 120, eka-radium (presumed mass number 316)
200	Tuesday	The elements praseodymium and neodymium could not be separated from each other (as a mixture of oxides) until 1885 and were wrongly regarded as the element "didym", symbol "di" (see didymoxide).
200	E.	The predicted Eka elements were also named with the element symbol "E" (for "element") and subscript lower left of the ordinal number and (if known) upper left superscript the assumed mass number. E.g. Eka silicon (germanium) as: The names of the Eka elements can be found partly in Brockhaus “ABC Chemie” (GDR) and more extensively in Holleman / Wiberg: “Textbook of inorganic chemistry” under the respective elements. ${\ displaystyle {} _ {\ 32} ^ {72} \ mathrm {E}}$
200	X	In chemistry, the symbol “X” generally means an atom of (any) halogen
200	A.	In chemistry, the symbol “A” means the anion in a salt solution
200	K	In chemistry, the symbol “K” means the cation in a salt solution
200	Me	In chemistry, the symbol “Me” generally means an (any) atom of a metal
200	R.	In chemistry, the symbol “R” generally means any organic residue
200	Uuu	Unununium Example of a systematic element name (Z = 111) for hypothetical or not yet explicitly named elements by IUPAC.

Note Z = 200 when referring to two or more elements

Individual evidence

↑ http://www2.bnl.gov/CoN/nuchart1.html
^ Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig, GDR, 1965, keyword "Symbol" as well as under the outdated symbols and outdated names of the elements.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 856 and entry "Neutronium".
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.
↑ Myonium internetchemie.info, accessed August 28, 2020.
↑ https://www.internetchemie.info/chemie-lexikon/a/antiwasserstoff.php
^ Hunnius Pharmaceutical Dictionary. 6th edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1986, p. 102.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 988.
↑ Werner Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig / Harry Thun Frankfurt, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 630.
^ ^A ^b ^c Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 1082.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 253.
↑ ^a ^b Werner Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig / Harry Thun Frankfurt, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 628.
^ ^A ^b Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 730.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 988.
^ ABC chemistry. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig, 1965, GDR, entry Lawrentium and element list under "Element"; in the 10th edition of the "Inorganikum" of the GDR from 1980 it is already named as Lawrencium with the symbol Lr
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, see “Hahnium”.
^ Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Fachbuchverlag Leipzig / Harry Deutsch GmbH, GDR, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 430.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 736.
^ Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig, GDR, 1965, keyword "Symbol" as well as under the outdated symbols and outdated names of the elements.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 1000.
^ Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, see various Eka elements in the table of contents.
^ Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Entry "Eka elements".

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b Only at a pressure of more than 2.5 MPa and a temperature of less than 1.5 K, see also helium properties

[1] ttp://www2.bnl.gov/CoN/nuchart1.html

[3] Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig, GDR, 1965, keyword "Symbol" as well as under the outdated symbols and outdated names of the elements.

[4] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 856 and entry "Neutronium".

[5] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.

[6] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.

[7] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th ed.

[8] Myonium internetchemie.info, accessed August 28, 2020.

[9] ttps://www.internetchemie.info/chemie-lexikon/a/antiwasserstoff.php

[10] Hunnius Pharmaceutical Dictionary. 6th edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1986, p. 102.

[11] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 988.

[12] Werner Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig / Harry Thun Frankfurt, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 630.

[Howi1082-13] A ^b ^c Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 1082.

[14] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 253.

[Werner_Schröter_628-15] Werner Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig / Harry Thun Frankfurt, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 628.

[HoWi_90_1730-16] A ^b Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 730.

[17] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 988.

[18] ABC chemistry. Brockhaus-Verlag Leipzig, 1965, GDR, entry Lawrentium and element list under "Element"; in the 10th edition of the "Inorganikum" of the GDR from 1980 it is already named as Lawrencium with the symbol Lr

[19] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, see “Hahnium”.

[20] Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie. Fachbuchverlag Leipzig / Harry Deutsch GmbH, GDR, 1988, ISBN 3-87144-922-9 , p. 430.

[21] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 736.

[22] Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig, GDR, 1965, keyword "Symbol" as well as under the outdated symbols and outdated names of the elements.

[23] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, p. 1000.

[24] Holleman / Wiberg: Textbook of inorganic chemistry. 90th edition, see various Eka elements in the table of contents.

[25] Brockhaus ABC chemistry. Entry "Eka elements".

[Bedingung-2] Only at a pressure of more than 2.5 MPa and a temperature of less than 1.5 K, see also helium properties