Roman Catholic Church in Mexico

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The Roman Catholic Church in Mexico is part of the Roman Catholic Church worldwide .

history

San Francisco Church in downtown Tlaxcala was consecrated in 1521 during the Spanish conquest of Mexico and is the oldest on the American mainland. The local peoples of Mexico were subsequently Christianized . On October 13, 1525, Pope Clement VII established the Archdiocese of Puebla de los Ángeles with the Papal Bull Devotionis tuae probata sinceritatis under the name "Diocese of Tlaxcala" and subordinated to the Archdiocese of Seville as a suffragan . On September 2, 1530, the diocese of Tlaxcala gave up parts of its territory to establish the diocese of Mexico City , which was soon raised to an archbishopric. The Spanish Inquisition established a tribunal in Mexico for the new American possessions in 1571. Over the centuries, the Roman Catholic Church became one of the largest landowners in what was then the Viceroyalty of New Spain . In the Mexican War of Independence from 1810 to 1821, the Catholic official church stood on the side of the colonial power Spain and excommunicated z. B. two leading representatives of the independence movement, the priests Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos . The relationship between the Church and the Mexican state was tense for a long time. As a result of the implementation of the anti-clerical provisions of the 1917 constitution and the establishment of a Mexican state church independent of Rome in February 1925, the conflict between church and state escalated. In 1926 there was a widespread uprising against Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles , the Guerra Cristera , whose number of victims is estimated at tens of thousands. The interim president Emilio Portes Gil initiated negotiations with the Church in 1929, with the US Ambassador Dwight Morrow as mediator. So it came to the modus vivendi , which provided for an improvement of the situation for the Catholic Church. In essence, the state waived the application of the 1917 laws and the church should be reluctant to claim their rights. However, there were serious injuries. Around 5000 Cristeros were murdered despite an amnesty under the agreement. It was only with the presidency of General Lázaro Cárdenas del Río that a lasting improvement in the relationship between church and state began. The Modus Vivendi lasted until 1992. This year, the relationship between church and state was reorganized through a comprehensive constitutional reform. The Vatican and Mexico then established diplomatic relations.

Pope visits
  1. Pope John Paul II visited Mexico in 1979, 1990, 1993, 1999 and 2002.
  2. Pope Benedict XVI visited Mexico March 23-26, 2012.
  3. Pope Francis visited Mexico February 12-20, 2016

organization

After Brazil, Mexico is the country with the largest number of Catholics in the world. According to Adveniat , 93% of the population are baptized Catholics .; According to the CIA factbook, 76.5% of Mexicans are Catholics.

The largest diocese, Mexico City, has 7,973,000 Catholics. It is followed by the archbishopric of Guadalajara with 6,504,000 Catholics and Monterrey with 5,862,000 Catholics. The Roman Catholic Church in Mexico is divided into 19 archbishoprics and 76 associated suffragan dioceses . In Mexico there are 96 ecclesiastical jurisdiction units, which are divided into 6,534 parishes (as of 2011).

Archbishop Francisco Robles Cardinal Ortega is chairman of the Conferencia del Episcopado Mexicano (CEM), the Mexican bishops' conference . The apostolic nuncio in Mexico has been Franco Coppola since 2016 .

Dioceses in Mexico

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lothar Groppe SJ: Michael Pro - A Mexican rascal becomes a priest and martyr. Munich 1989, p. 163.
  2. ^ María Concepción Medina González: The religious law in Mexico . Lit, Münster 2005. ISBN 3-8258-9104-6 . Vol. 2, pp. 903ff.
  3. ↑ a b Magdalena Holztrattner : Country Profile Mexico ( Memento of the original from January 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.2 MB), Adveniat , March 21, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.adveniat.de
  4. ↑ CIA World Factbook: Mexico (English) data from February 2010
  5. ↑ Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 2012 , Città del Vaticano 2012, p. 467.
  6. ↑ Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 2012 , Città del Vaticano 2012, p. 278.
  7. ↑ Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 2012 , Città del Vaticano 2012, p. 478.