Kollegah

This article is about the rapper Kollegah . For his album of the same name see Kollegah (album) .

Kollegah (2015)

Kollegah (bourgeois Felix Martin Andreas Matthias Blume ; born August 3, 1984 in Friedberg ) is a German rapper who publishes his music on his own label Alpha Music Empire .

Life

Kollegah at the Out4Fame Festival 2016

Blume says he was born in Friedberg (Hesse) and spent some of his youth without a father. His mother is German and his biological father comes from Canada . He grew up in Simmern / Hunsrück and attended the Herzog-Johann-Gymnasium there .

Blume worked temporarily as a translator . After 2003 he left his translation work for his beginning rap career, which he began under the pseudonym TONI. In 2008 he stated in an interview that he had come into contact with Islam through his Algerian stepfather , had found out about it and had subsequently become a devout Muslim at the age of 15 . His stage name "Kollegah" can be traced back to his stepfather. Until 2005 he also rapped under the stage name Young Latino .

In 2009, Blume began studying law at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, and in 2014 acquired a certificate of exemption . The first law exam he has not yet been completed, but is still enrolled by its own account.

Musical career

Overview of the RBA battles
year	Result	opponent
2004	13: 3	Problem child
	15: 7	Guybrush Threepwood
	11: 2	eFTsEkaWE
2005	12: 5	Dollar bill
	12: 2	Merlin
	11: 7	NoMell
	14:15	dec
	8: 4	Teitam Maik
	16:10	Vito Vitality
	5:12	Guybrush Threepwood
	12:15	JohnnyDerDon
	12: 1	Muchacho
	12: 5	Kah-Ohh-Beh
	12: 6	dec
	8: 4	The reaser
	6:15	kri'Z
	0-0	DaX
	0-0	Christian Flash
	0-0	Zee4
	0-0	PapaDog

2004–2006: The pimp tape and boss of the bosses

Kollegah (2007)

From December 2004 to May 2005 Kollegah was active in the Internet portal Reimliga Battle Arena . There he won 13 of his 16 battles rated and also played four bonus battles in which no winner was determined. Within a short time he was able to achieve a high status there.

In 2005, Blume took part in the federal battle for Hamburg under the name Kollegah . He published his first mixtape, the pimp tape , in July 2005 and initially offered it for free download. He has been under contract with the Selfmade Records label since 2005 . On December 29, 2005 he released the pimp tape X-Mas Edition there , a re-release of his first mixtape. On July 9, 2006 he published his second mixtape Boss der Bosse . The hip-hop magazine Juice proclaimed it the Mixtape of the Month . Half of the beats on this sound carrier come from the producer Rizbo .

Kollegah was criticized for a weak performance at the hip-hop and reggae festival Splash in early 2006. He stated that he appeared unprepared and that it was his very first live performance.

2007–2011: Alphagene , Kollegah , first collaboration album with Farid Bang and Bossaura

His first solo album, Alphagene, was originally due to appear on Selfmade Records in September 2007 . Due to a criminal case against Kollegah for drug possession, the release was postponed to November 16. Kollegah had been in possession of amphetamines and cocaine in Bad Kreuznach and was therefore convicted in court.

On October 23, 2007 a video of Kollegah was eligible for the first time in the MTV show Urban TRL . The clip shot for the song Kuck auf die Goldkette in 2007 reached first place on the TRL Most Wanted Charts several times . The two pieces of music Showtime Again and Summer by the mixtape Boss der Bosse were used in the feature film Nachtspuren . On August 29, 2008 Kollegah released his second studio album "Kollegah" , with which he reached number 17 in the German album charts. In 2009, in addition to his participation in the self-made records label sampler Chronik 2 and the collab album Jung, brutal, gutaussehend with Farid Bang, he also published the pimp tape Volume 3 . In 2010 Selfmade Records re-released all three “pimp tape” parts in a limited box. This box also included Hoodtape Volume 1 , which was re-released shortly before Christmas 2010 as Hoodtape Volume 1 X-Mas Edition . During the Mittelfinger Hoch tour , which Kollegah played with his former label colleagues Casper, Favorite, Shiml and MontanaMax, five men stormed onto the stage during the performance in Berlin and attacked Shiml and MontanaMax. Kollegah's third solo album Bossaura , released on October 14, 2011, reached number 5 in the German album charts.

In 2010 he and Farid Bang contributed the song Discobitch for the album Ehrenkodex by DJ Tomekk and Toony, which is released on a Polish label with many features by German and Polish artists.

2012–2015: JBG 2 , King and fourth pimp tape

Kollegah and Farid Bang (2012)

On February 8th, 2013 Kollegah and Farid Bang released their second collaboration album Jung, brutal, gutaussehend 2 . Previously, single releases from the album were released for download. In addition to dynamite and drive-by , you know the West and Bull Neck Squad also made it into the German sales charts. With the album itself, Kollegah reached the top of the German charts for the first time. In February 2013, Media Control reported that no other hip-hop album had sold as well in its first week as this one in the past five years. The album was able to sell around 80,000 units in the first week. According to Spiegel Online , Farid Bang and Kollegah took up the past heyday of gangsta rappers around the Aggro Berlin label .

During the music promotion for his fourth studio album King , Kollegah opened his own YouTube channel Bosshaft TV , on which he showed numerous video blogs and a weekly late night show . The album was released on May 9, 2014 and achieved gold status with over 100,000 sales in 24 hours. It thus sat at the top of the German, Austrian and Swiss charts. King became Kollegah's most successful album in the first week of sales and broke various sales records. King has sold over 315,000 copies.

On October 23, 2015 Kollegah announced his pimp tape Volume 4 with the song Genozid . This was released on December 11, 2015, reached the top of the German album charts by December 18, pushing Helene Fischer's album Christmas to number 2. 17 songs from the pimp tape reached the German single charts, a record in chart history.

Since 2016: Imperator, conclusion of the JBG trilogy, Monument and Alphagene II

Kollegah with a Doberman Pinscher at 1Live Krone 2015

In March 2016, Kollegah founded his own label Alpha Music Empire. The first signing was the rapper Seyed , whose debut album Engel was released with the AK on June 3, 2016. Engel with the AK made it to number 3 on the official German album charts.

On December 9, 2016, Kollegah's sixth studio album called Imperator was released for the first time on Alpha Music Empire. On the same day he published the Disstrack Fanpost 2 on YouTube , which the Masculine Music Group blocked again after 20 minutes. In addition, with 400 million streams, Kollegah is the most streamed artist of all time in Germany on Spotify .

On March 10, 2017, he released the Freetrack Legacy and announced the best-of album of the same name , which was released on July 14, 2017.

At the beginning of September 2017, Kollegah and Farid Bang announced Jung Brutal Gutaussehend 3 . At the end of September, Sturmmaske auf (Intro) released the first single on the album, with which they reached the top of the German charts. The associated album was released on December 1, 2017 and reached gold status in Germany on the same day, eight days before its official release. With almost 30 million streams in the first week of sales and 17 simultaneous top 50 placements in the single charts, including eight top 20 hits, the album set several records. In addition, with the new entries, Kollegah was able to show a total of 87 different songs placed in the German single charts, which he also set a record. At the Echo Awards 2018 (April 12), Kollegah and Farid Bang won the Echo in the Hip-Hop / Urban National category . They performed with the title All Eyez On Us and announced a remake of the album titled Jung, Brutal, Gutaussehend 3 (platinum was yesterday) . In June 2018, the release of the album was postponed to August 2018. The album was originally supposed to consist of two eps; Older Brutal Unscrupulous and the Nafri-Trap Ep, Vol. 1 . The latter was published on June 29th via various streaming portals. The Older Brutaler Ruthless EP was expanded to a 15-track album and was released under the name Platin was yesterday on August 10, 2018.

His first book Das ist Alpha! Was published on September 19, 2018 . The 10 Boss Commandments in Riva Verlag . On October 1, 2018, he announced his seventh studio album, Monument , which was released on December 7, 2018. In October 2019, Blume announced the successor to his debut album, Alphagene II . The album was released on December 13, 2019.

Style and message

Musically, Kollegah is particularly known for his punchlines , his rhyme chains and his double-time rap technique. Kollegah's style is heavily based on gangsta rap , although he himself initially referred to it as pimp rap . However, he rejected this term in an interview and presented it as a mere translation of the American term pimp rap into German. In the meantime, Kollegah is also orienting himself towards storytelling rap , which becomes clear on the album Hoodtape Volume 1 and also on his first single Alpha or the song Regen from his album King , released in 2014, is also noticeable.

Kollegah shooting the video for Big Boss , 2008

His music promotion includes the ostentatiously displayed, transparently performed role-play as "the boss " and " West Germany's king", who surrounds himself with status symbols and submissive staff, in particular a butler named "Frederic" and "Pasa", his Bosnian bodyguard . With an ironic fondness, stereotypes are shown that imagine the world of a boss of organized crime .

Kollegah's “Porn and Gangsta Rap” relies on calculated transgressions of boundaries, provocations and breaking taboos, which are part of his marketing strategy. Certain statements in his texts continually met with criticism and created conflicts about his performances. The main points of criticism are egocentricity, glorification of violence , contempt for women , sexism , homophobia , anti-Semitism and discrimination against threatened groups of people. Kollegah's defenders, on the other hand, refer to his artistic freedom of expression, the lack of indexing of his texts and the special stylistic devices of the battle rap. According to his own statement, Kollegah tries to convey ideals such as determination, perseverance and patience as well as physical and mental fitness for a "clean and successful life" in his rap.

As a Muslim, Kollegah explained the difference between the Koran and the Bible in YouTube videos . In 2003 he translated the book Death - Resurrection - Hell by the Turkish creationist Harun Yahya from English into German . In 2015 he spoke out against the theory of evolution .

criticism

Sexism and homophobia

Kollegah in Munich (2015)

Kollegah was supposed to perform in Bielefeld on December 16, 2011 . Because of misogynistic, sexist, reactionary and homosexual elements of his rap texts, the student committees of Bielefeld University and Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences as well as other groups asked the organizer to cancel the concert with an open letter in November 2011. This refused the rejection with reference to the hoped-for income. As a result of the conflict, the demand for concert tickets increased, so the organizer moved the concert to a larger hall. The newspaper Neue Westfälische (NW) let its readers discuss: Most of them supported the appearance and saw the criticized texts as " satire " or "ghetto gossip". The media educator Uwe Sander doubted that all listeners understood a satirical tendency, because rappers consciously crossed borders.

In the same month in Bremen, the Girls' Culture House (MKH), the local DGB youth , the state equality office and a gay initiative called for the cancellation of a Kollegah concert. Blume wrote "only horrible texts in which women and non-heterosexual orientated people are degraded and insulted to the lowest conceivable level". The daily newspaper (taz) cited as examples:

"I reduce aggression by raping curb sluts"; "Kid, I would be lying if I said, No, I never molested an underage bitch. […] Whore, what? I'm coming with a bunch of dogs plus pimps to kill you, fagot. [...] Toni, I order the permitted rape of curb sluts. "

The organizer then requested a statement from Kollegah, but at the same time stated that his texts should only be understood in the context of the "Battle Raps" that is customary in the scene. Statements like "mother-fucked bitch" and "the 'stick gay rapper'" always refer to another rapper known to the audience. The critics stated that for misogynist and homophobic language images it “doesn't matter who the addressee of the insult is”. You don't have to forbid Kollegah's music, but “don't give it a stage because of that”. Criticism of inhuman texts remains necessary, even if it indirectly contributes to Kollegah's popularity. The Bochum sociologist Martin Seeliger explained: Kollegah is also overdrawing heavily in the context of German gangsta rap. Because he is less recognized in the scene as a “pure fictional character without a street past” than other rappers, he commits the “calculated breaking a taboo” of degrading minorities. That Kollegah only wants to dissolve other rappers is a "deliberately embellished" portrayal of his tour manager. Scandalizing his concerts or striving for bans, however, only do his business. After the organizers and tour managers refused to cancel the concert, Bremen's youth welfare office and the women's representative, Ulrike Hauffe , applied to the Federal Testing Office for Media Harmful to Young People to have Kollegahs anti-women and gay-hostile songs added to the index. As a result of this request, the album Young, Brutal, Handsome was indexed in June 2012.

His song Ave Maria , in which he imagines breaking the tailbone of a " bitch " during sexual intercourse , was criticized as a misogynist glorification of violence and irresponsibility in view of the audience, some of them underage. The journalist Jens Balzer said: "He is just a cynical person who is very proud of his cynicism."

In 2019, the women's magazine Emma presented him with the Sexist Man Alive 2019 award . In a letter addressed directly to the musician, it said: "No one is as sexist, homophobic and as anti-Semitic as you."

According to Jens Balzer , homophobia and raw sexism can also be found on Kollegah's new album Alphagene II , which was released in December 2019 . In the piece Infinitum , which is dedicated to Kollegah's wife, according to Balzer, in the lines “I'm going out to war and I know you're at home / up all night, praying for me”, possibly the “Kollegah's self-image condensed as an artist and as a man ”.

Conspiracy theories and anti-Semitism

In 2009 Kollegah published the song title "Final solution of the rapper question". He also referred to Nazi crimes in his “Pimp Tape Volume 4” (2016), for example “I make gun noises like the German Schutzstaffel ” or “Kid, it's the boss who takes poses for a fashion magazine like the Wehrmacht , who intervened in Poland . ”From April 2018, such comparisons were publicly criticized. The lawyer Gerhard Strate saw in them a mockery of victims of the Holocaust , which the perpetrators called the " final solution to the Jewish question ".

In the song NWO (2013) Kollegah dealt with the conspiracy theory of a New World Order , spoke of presidents as puppets of a “powerful minority” and wars “under the satisfied gaze of the all-seeing eye ”. He described 13 Jewish families from Babylon to King Solomon to the Illuminati as world-ruling, satanic powers . According to Leon Dische Becker ( Der Freitag ) , he took these motifs from Fritz Springmeier's work Bloodlines of the Illuminati : This describes the 13 families, including the Rothschilds , as tools of the devil and refers to the pre-Jewish age of the hexagonal star . Becker therefore saw the song NWO as a development of Kollegahs from self-irony to extensive political conspiracy theories. The anti-Semitism researcher Uffa Jensen saw in the interspersed symbols of the song a "game with anti-Semitic set pieces".

In the music video “ Apocalypse ” (2016), Kollegah portrayed human history as a struggle between “good” and “evil”. Evil in the form of the devil wears a ring with a Star of David ; this is the only symbol that makes it recognizable. Kollegah, representative of the good, leads the final battle in East Jerusalem on the Temple Mount against an overwhelming force of evil, which is controlled by a banker in the banking center of London . After the rulers have been eliminated and his army defeated, " Buddhists , Muslims and Christians " rebuild the destroyed world without Jews and there is peace. In the lyrics to this, the Illuminati control "politics and US presidents" through black magic and direct the "fate of the world in a business-like manner". After the reconstruction, the dangerous black books will be disposed of with a book incineration .

When asked by WDR, Kollegah said : The hexagonal star, the hexagram, is much older than Judaism . For the scientists Jakob Baier and Monika Schwarz-Friesel, however , pictorial symbols and text tell an anti-Semitic salvation story : Judaism, recognizable by the Star of David, which is identified and demonized with the devil and international money power, must be eliminated so that humanity can achieve lasting peace. Daniel Dillmann ( Frankfurter Rundschau ) saw the anti-Semitism of the song "in the structure, in the criticism of capitalism and banking, and in the language of rap". This “aesthetic code” of German-speaking rappers is justified as an “institutionalized breach of norms” in a partially anti-Semitic society. For Becker, the anti-Semitic “clumsy allusions” in Kollegah's video are based on convictions and media reactions that are widespread among his fans. The subsequently published video Hardcore with Nazi symbols speaks for this . Those familiar with the scene also criticized Kollegah for having "repeated and disseminated" common anti-Semitic images in entertaining conspiracy theories.

In the music video TelVision , published one day after “Apocalypse” , Kollegah, together with KC Rebell , PA Sports and Kianush, served the conspiracy-ideological phantasm of an alleged Jewish influence in the information and media sector. In the music video “Hardcore”, released a week later, which shows Kollegah as a self-proclaimed “dictator” and ruler over work slaves in a quarry, according to anti-Semitism researcher Jakob Baier, “associations with the fascist symbolism and aesthetics of National Socialism ” can be found without “ ironic refraction” from which a distancing Kollegah from the fascist aesthetic could be derived ”.

The video Kollegah in Palestine (November 2016) shows his journey through the Palestinian Autonomous Territories , during which he visited the barriers between Israel and the West Bank, visited the Al-Amari refugee camp and supported a school. For the rapper and music producer Marcus Staiger , the video was a self-presentation. Kollegah only uses Palestinians as a key word for his racist concept of development aid : “The white man grabs and takes out the purple bills, drives off and takes care of it”. He ignores the causes of poverty in the autonomous regions and the fatal clashes at Israeli border crossings, presents himself as a state guest, hardly allows women and mothers to have their say and with many anti-Israeli references he aims to applaud his supporters and enemies. The author Sibylle Berg criticized the fact that Kollegah had not visited the State of Israel and that the video showed no villas in the Gaza Strip , no impoverished Israelis, no Palestinians in Israel's government and none of the many projects for Israeli and Palestinian youth. Instead of capturing the complexity of the Middle East conflict and helping to reduce mutual hatred, he only fed his followers with prejudice against Israel. In the music video Fokus , published a few days later, Kollegah shows recordings from his Palestine video and describes in the text a power circle operating in the background with ideological conspiracy codes such as “ CFR ”, “ Bilderberger ” or “New World Order” and makes him for all the calamities of this world responsible. By contrasting the conspiracy narratives in the lyrics with recordings of Israeli border installations and a “suffering Palestinian civilian population”, Jakob Baier provided interpretations that suggest that the State of Israel is “in league with those globally operating destructive forces”.

In the Disstrack HS.HC from PA Sports , which is also directed against the Jewish rapper Sun Diego , Kollegah sang the chorus that breaks up the abbreviated title: “German rap looks homo, a fashion show by Yoloclowns, no more faxes - son of a bitch -Holocaust."

After the Hessian state government, the Central Council of Jews in Germany and others had criticized "anti-Semitism, homophobia and violence against women ", minorities and the weaker in Kollegah's rap texts, the city council of Rüsselsheim am Main drew an invitation to Kollegah for Hessentag 2017 with a narrow majority back.

Kollegah defended himself on Facebook against accusations of anti-Semitism and said that many critics still do not understand the role of the battle rap. In March 2017, he assured Shahak Shapira , Kat Kaufmann and Ali As that he was not an anti-Semite and only criticized Israel's policies, which he strictly separated from the Jewish faith. The line of text "I'll lend you money, but never without a Jewish interest rate with primer" from the song "Hourglass" did not come from him. Homophobic or misogynist texts are common stylistic devices in battlerap for disparaging opponents. He criticized anti-Semitic clichés from some fans, but left anti-Semitic comments on his Facebook page. He said that only the Jews (“you”) saw themselves “in the role of victim”.

On the Disstrack 0815 of the album Jung Brutal Gutaussehend 3 (December 2017) Kollegah and Farid Bang rapped among other things: "My body is more defined than Auschwitz inmates " - "Do another Holocaust, come to the Molotov." In Kollegahs Refrain says: "This album comes because you need announcements again / Fuck me and I'll stuff a pump gun in your mouth / Thirty kilos in the back seat, bitch / JBG 3, not a run-of-the-mill gang." A reviewer from Rap.de found the rhymes bad under purely rhythmic-poetic aspects. The “macabre lines” are mostly just “a blunt shocker” without punchlines and ambiguous black humor, “just to make his bland album look like a courageous, taboo-free border crossing”. In this way, the rappers tried to present themselves as “disrespectful guys with loose mouths and a casual, low inhibition threshold”. These rhetorical means are historically exhausted, predictable, forced, insubstantial and therefore currently only embarrassing.

The album was nominated for the 2018 Echo Awards due to high sales . Because of the Holocaust comparisons, the Bildzeitung and other German media demanded that both rappers be excluded from the echo. Bang apologized to her on criticism of the Holocaust survivor Esther Bejarano , but at the same time referred to thousands of listeners who did not perceive the lines as "racist or inflammatory". Kollegah called on his fans with several videos to finally break the power of the "mainstream media" and not to let themselves be further "fooled". He offered each journalist 25,000 euros for "objective" reports on the false report " Pizzagate " and invited all Jews to his concerts free of charge. An anti-Semitic cartoon in the first edition of the announcement video depicted hook-nosed Jews as controllers of the Federal Reserve Bank , Wall Street , social media, Hollywood , television, justice, the "cancer industry" and the " pornography industry." Kollegah explained these Graphics were created without his knowledge and had them obscured in later video versions.

For Jens-Christian Rabe ( Süddeutsche Zeitung - SZ) Kollegah's handling of criticism created the "impression of a creepy mixture of lack of conscience and irresponsibility paired with business calculation and astonishingly defiant stupidity." On April 7, 2018, the Federal Association of Music Industry disapproved of the choice of words at the Album, but declared its nomination to be admissible within the framework of artistic freedom . Dennis Sand ( Die Welt ) said: “Whether Kollegah is really an anti-Semite or whether he only spread anti-Semitic stereotypes out of negligence and ignorance cannot be understood at this point. This requires a dialogue. "

On April 12, 2018 ( Holocaust Remembrance Day in Israel), Kollegah and Bang received the Echo Music Prize for the album JBG 3 . Only Campino criticized at the award: "When it comes to misogynistic, homophobic, right-wing extremist and anti-Semitic insults", the limit of artistic freedom was exceeded for him. In protest against the award, the bassist Klaus Voormann , the Notos Quartet , the conductor Enoch zu Guttenberg , the rock musician Marius Müller-Westernhagen and the Jewish pianist Igor Levit returned their previous echo prizes. Levit explained that the award to Kollegah and Bang was "a completely irresponsible, inconceivable misstep by the Echo jury": "Giving anti-Semitic slogans such a platform and awards is unbearable." The critics also included rock musicians Peter Maffay and Wolfgang Niedecken . The conductor Daniel Barenboim announced the return of all echoes from the Staatskapelle Berlin and the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra , which he leads. The decision was made because the echo award lenders did not react appropriately to the album texts. These are clearly "anti-Semitic, misogynistic, homophobic and generally inhuman". The music presenter Peter Illmann spoke out in favor of a boycott of the album and called on "the younger artists like Helene Fischer or Mark Forster " to also take a public position. A few days later, Fischer expressed criticism of Kollegah, Farid Bang and their appearance, but was annoyed that the topic had been "linked" to their name in the media and that their "silence" had been criticized. In the German rap scene, on the other hand, representatives of German-speaking gangsta rap such as Massiv , PA Sports , Summer Cem and Bushido publicly showed their solidarity with Kollegah and Farid Bang. Only a few rappers like Juse Ju or Retrogott , who are not representatives of gangsta rap, criticized Kollegah. The rapper Sookee had already referred to Kollegah and Farid Bang's misogynistic texts and anti-Semitic tendencies in German-language rap even before the echo price debate. She expressed her solidarity with Campino. The Antilopen Gang criticized Kollegah's video and his explanation: "Meanwhile, a German rapper has screwed something up again / And explains us with secret knowledge in an interview / The Zionists - the world conspiracy die has been cast / Everyone says it, but then says you shouldn't say it." According to the band, Kollegah's anti-Israel and conspiracy ideological positions fell out of view during the debate.

The Federal Association of the Music Industry later described the price for the album as a "mistake" and announced a reform of the echo price system. The German Cultural Council and the President of the German Music Council Martin Maria Krüger resigned from the Echo Advisory Board. A main sponsor of the award withdrew because of the Holocaust comparisons, another asked the organizer to come to terms with it. The Bertelsmann subsidiary BMG Rights Management , which co-produced and sold the album, said: The many buyers of the album showed that the lyrics didn't hurt them that much. On April 19, 2018, BMG announced that the collaboration with Kollegah and Farid Bang would be suspended. The CEO apologized "to the people who feel hurt." He announced that BMG would support a campaign against anti-Semitism in schools with around 100,000 euros.

Some commentators said the album's nomination required such reactions. The Antilopen Gang explained that the line about Auschwitz was actually a punchline common in battlerap . With the outrage about this, the “Germans who had made good themselves again, who are known to be proud of their culture of remembrance”, evaded the necessary debate about the massive sale of “reactionary content” in the music industry: “A discussion about the anti-Semitism of Kollegah, the chemtrails and pizzagate , but does not believe in evolution is not taking place at all in the current debate. "Kollegah is hardly about hip-hop or art anymore. He behaves on YouTube “meanwhile like a fascist agitator” and stirs up “popular anger against the powerful, the media and other enemies”. On April 25, 2018, the Federal Association of the Music Industry decided to replace the Echo Prize with a different pricing procedure so that the prize could no longer be perceived as a platform for anti-Semitism, contempt for women, homophobia or the neglect of violence.

Investigations after a criminal complaint for sedition in the song 0815 against Kollegah, Farid Bang and the CEO of BMG Hartwig Masuch were set on June 16, 2018. The Düsseldorf public prosecutor's office found that the many vulgar, inhuman and misogynistic violence and sex fantasies in the song lyrics were covered by artistic freedom as part of the “gangsta rap” genre. The lines of text “My body is more defined than by Auschwitz inmates” and “Doing a Holocaust again” are not a denial, approval or trivialization of the Holocaust and the Nazi regime and not an invitation to violence, but a glorification typical of “gangsta rap” of crime and violence.

On June 7, 2018, Kollegah and Farid Bang privately visited the memorial in the former Auschwitz I concentration camp (main camp) and laid flowers there for the victims. In October 2018, Kollegah declared that the visit to Auschwitz had changed him a lot. “If you see with your own eyes how people were gassed in factories there, you will never forget it.” He will never use the terms 'Auschwitz' and 'Holocaust' in rap songs again and has realized “that it can be really hurtful ". On November 9, 2018 (the anniversary of the November pogroms in 1938 ), Kollegah stated in an interview that he had "done something good for the people by abolishing the echo". He also claimed that exactly the same thing was happening in the Palestinian territories "as was happening back then in Germany - namely during the Holocaust". When asked, he replied in the affirmative as to whether an intentional genocide was also taking place there: "Of course, everyone knows that".

For Benny Fischer ( Jüdische Allgemeine ) this statement is “anti-Semitic by definition”. Kollegah initially presented himself as the victim of a smear campaign, then relativized the crimes of the Nazis and at the same time demonized Israel. The combination of hatred of Israel, Holocaust relativization and conspiracy theories are simply well received by his audience. His way of reasoning is reminiscent of the polemics of the supposedly new right . The hip-hop scene must clearly distinguish itself from this. For Jakob Baier too, Kollegah's statement is a classic feature of Israel-related anti-Semitism. Kollegah's “structurally anti-Semitic interpretation of global power relations” could appear attractive to young people: On the one hand, they experience “an appreciation by locating themselves on the side of the good in contrast to the evil social forces and believing themselves to be part of an enlightened community of fate in the conspiratorial ideological perception can ”, on the other hand, his“ conspiratorial-anti-Semitic worldview ”, in which abstract social processes are personalized through projection onto Jews, offers them an“ all-encompassing sham explanation for misunderstood and negative phenomena of modern society ”. This view of the world could lead to the desire for the annihilation of the allegedly guilty and thus to violence against Jews.

A Kollegah concert in Rastatt planned for November 9, 2019, was canceled two weeks in advance by the local council: The date of the concert (the anniversary of the November pogroms 1938) was incompatible with the rapper's "anti-Semitic, violence-glorifying and misogynistic texts". The mayor emphasized: "Because as upright democrats we have a responsibility to uphold the memory of the atrocities of the Nazi regime on November 9th". The local council declared that a Kollegah concert in Rastatt was not desired on any other day.

On his album Alphagene II (December 2019) Kollegah held back with violent fantasies, racism and political statements. Jens Balzer ( Deutschlandfunk ) suspected that after some concerts were canceled, Kollegah “decided to take a break when it comes to anti-Semitism”. His fans know how to interpret his few allusions, such as the towers of the banking system under which people are enslaved.

Backstage wanted to host a concert with Kollegah in Munich in December 2019 and invited its critics to an open dialogue. All parties rejected the public dialogue. Critics like Charlotte Knobloch (Israelitische Kultusgemeinde), the Association of Jewish Students in Bavaria , the Left Alliance against Antisemitism and others called for musicians who stir up anti-Semitism not to be given a stage and for the rapper to be dismissed. Bavaria's anti-Semitism officer Ludwig Spaenle also criticized the planned concert. Then the Backstage and the VIP Club canceled the sold out concert at short notice. According to the Munich police, Kollegah had decided not to appear in the VIP Club . According to the organizer, the “absolutely destructive attitude of the artist” was the reason for the cancellation. He did not distance himself from anti-Semitic statements and made fun of his critics in November 2019.

Coaching program

In April 2019 Kollegah and the sales trainer Dirk Kreuter announced a coaching as "AlphaOffensive", which should cost up to 2,500 euros per person. After violent protests, Kollegah canceled the project via his YouTube channel and publicly distanced himself from the business practices of his partners. But since March 2019 he had started a coaching program called Alpha Mentoring with the consulting firm Baulig Consulting . It advertises fans without specifying prices, who must state in their application what they deserve and why Kollegah should choose them for the program. It promises help in life for low-income men with relationship problems and inferiority complexes. According to research by the media Vice and BuzzFeed , who let a journalist take part in such a course undercover, the Baulig company charges 2000 euros per person for a course lasting several weeks. Kollegah earns hundreds of thousands of euros for little in return. Around 150 people took part in the program in July 2019, mostly young men between 18 and 28 years of age. Kollegah only communicated with them once a week via video chat. When Vice asked about his qualifications, he referred to his own successes and stated that the term coach was not protected by law. The customer judges himself about his qualifications. The prices and services are customary in the market. The media observers criticized that he had no knowledge of the problems of the participants, that he used the courses to spread conspiracy theories and that young people were humiliated and financially exploited there. Kollegah claimed that the world order was a "pyramid system" and that the people at the top received direct orders from Satan . An employee urged the journalist to sign a contract when he wanted to leave the course. After the research, experts judged the program as dubious, as a deception of the participants, as a guru movement and brainwashing.

Kollegah and the Baulig company issued eleven warnings against the critical reports from Vice and BuzzFeed. Kollegah complained about violations of his personal rights. The editorial offices of Vice and Buzzfeed, however, maintained their account and called Kollegah's allegations unfounded. Also, the Axel Springer Verlag and Süddeutsche Zeitung received warnings Kollegahs to port reports took the information from Vice and Buzzfeed. He also wanted to forbid the Bayerischer Rundfunk from stating that Vice journalists had smuggled into his coaching program "over weeks". However, the Munich Higher Regional Court ruled in December 2019 that the statement was the only possible conclusion from the Vice report from July 2019, and dismissed the request for a reply.

Fine of 100,000 euros

In 2019, Kollegah and Jigzaw had the text in their song Medusablick about the two daughters of Robert Geiss and Carmen Geiss: "On the 18th birthday of the Geissens daughter, I'll stand in front of the door, get the little one and leave a creampie in her vagina." There is also talk of “leaving projectiles and corpses of the Geissens' daughters” and “having their bodies split up on the ground, the forensics department draws lines out of circles”. On October 15, 2019, the parents filed a criminal complaint for insulting and threatening and for omitting the song lines before the Mannheim Regional Court . In November 2019, the court sentenced Kollegah and his record company Alpha Music Empire to a fine totaling 100,000 euros. The album could not be sold with the original text. The rappers then changed the lines of text. The reasoning for the judgment of June 2, 2020 named a serious violation of the girls' right to privacy as the reason for their judgment.

Other activities and processes

Boss transformation

In January 2014, Kollegah launched its own fitness and nutrition program under the title Bosstransformation . He stated that he had succeeded in reducing his body fat percentage "from a wobbly 22% to a dust-dry 7% and at the same time building up considerable muscle mass". On April 1, 2014, his ironic rap song Von Salat was released on the subject of the biceps . According to him, over 10,000 people performed the feeding program.

Alpha Music Empire

In September 2016, Kollegah founded his own label Alpha Music Empire . He was previously under contract with Selfmade Records . The German rapper Seyed was announced as the first signing . In August 2016 it was announced that Kollegah had reached a distribution deal with Warner Music Group .

Tours

Kollegah has played ten tours in his career so far. The German rapper Favorite was represented on five .

Tour poster for the "The more Testo the better tour"

Tour poster for the "Live 2011 Tour"

year	tour	Tour dates
2008	Alphagene tour with Favorite, Massimo & Tarek	7 concerts April 28 - Cologne April 29th - Frankfurt April 30th - Berlin May 1st - Hamburg May 2nd - Munich May 3 - Vienna May 4th - Stuttgart
2009	Middle finger up tour with Casper, Favorite & Shiml	15 concerts April 8th - Hanover, April 9 - Berlin April 10th - Dresden April 11th - Weinheim April 12th - Frankfurt April 15 - Bremen April 16 - Hamburg April 17th - Cologne April 18 - Osnabrück April 19 - food April 20 - Stuttgart April 21 - Nuremberg April 22nd - Fulda April 23 - Munich April 25th - Munich
2010	Teens for Cash Tour with Favorite	20 concerts February 17th - Hanover February 18 - Osnabrück February 19 - Kiel February 20 - Hamburg February 22nd - Stuttgart February 23 - Duisburg February 24th - Frankfurt February 25 - Würzburg February 26th - Münster February 27 - Cologne April 2 - Zurich April 11th - Bremen April 16 - Magdeburg April 17th - Bochum April 23rd - Kassel April 24th - Chemnitz April 27 - Vienna April 28th - Munich April 29th - Innsbruck April 29th - Dornbirn
	The more Testo, the better tour with Favorite	10 concerts November 12th - Dresden November 13th - Braunschweig November 18 - Kiel November 19 - Osnabrück November 20 - Weinheim November 26th - Lindau November 27th - Saarbrücken December 15th - Fulda December 16 - Aachen December 17th - Kaiserslautern
2011	Live 2011 tour with Favorite	31 concerts October 14th - Aachen October 15 - Kaiserslautern October 16 - Frankfurt October 17th - Nuremberg October 18 - Augsburg October 19 - Vienna October 20 - Graz October 21 - Munich October 22nd - Constance October 23 - Cologne October 25th - Osnabrück October 26 - Hamburg October 27th - Flensburg October 28th - Lübeck October 29th - Braunschweig October 30th - Dresden November 2nd - Hanover November 3rd - Düsseldorf November 4th - Münster November 5th - Weinheim November 6th - Kassel November 9th - Stuttgart November 10th - Freiburg November 11th - Zurich November 12th - Basel November 13th - Trier December 13th - Dortmund December 14th - Bremen December 15th - Fulda December 16 - Bielefeld December 17th - Koblenz
2013	JBG 2 tour with Farid Bang	12 concerts April 3 - Hamburg April 4th - Hanover April 5th - Oberhausen April 6 - Zurich April 7th - Stuttgart April 8 - Frankfurt April 9 - Munich April 10 - Nuremberg April 11th - Vienna April 12th - Dresden April 13th - Münster April 14th - Cologne
2014	King Tour	23 concerts September 10th - Frankfurt September 11th - Saarbrücken September 12th - Trier September 13 - Cologne September 14th - Hamburg September 16 - Hanover September 17th - Kiel September 18 - Rostock September 19 - Leipzig September 20 - Vienna September 22nd - Nuremberg September 23 - Munich September 24th - Stuttgart September 26th - Zurich September 27th - Heidelberg September 28th - Freiburg September 30th - Osnabrück October 2nd - Münster October 4th - Oberhausen October 5th - Magdeburg October 6th - Kassel October 7th - Würzburg
2016	Red Light Tour	22 concerts March 17th - Munich March 18 - Nuremberg March 19 - Stuttgart March 24th - Berlin March 25th - Hamburg March 31 - Freiburg April 1st - Oberhausen April 2 - Cologne April 16 - Magdeburg April 17th - Hanover April 21 - Offenbach April 22nd - Kempten April 23 - Zurich April 24th - Heidelberg April 27th - Innsbruck April 28 - Luxembourg April 29th - Würzburg April 30 - Vienna May 1st - Ingolstadt May 5th - Dresden May 6th - Leipzig May 7th - Bremen
2017	Imperator Tour	19 concerts March 18 - Leipzig March 19 - Munich March 21 - Berlin March 22nd - Hanover March 24th - Kiel March 26th - Hamburg March 28th - Mannheim March 29th - Stuttgart March 30th - Frankfurt March 30th - Oberhausen April 1st - Würzburg April 2nd - Kassel April 5 - Vienna April 6th - Graz April 9 - Ravensburg April 11th - Nuremberg April 12th - Regensburg April 15th - Esch on the Alzette April 16 - Cologne
2018	JBG 3 tour with Farid Bang	15 concerts January 5th - Cologne January 6th - Münster January 8th - Munich January 9 - Vienna January 10th - Nuremberg January 13th - Stuttgart January 14th - Mannheim January 15 - Hanover January 17th - Hamburg January 18 - Berlin January 19 - Leipzig January 20 - Frankfurt January 22nd - Bremen January 23rd - Oberhausen January 24th - Bielefeld

Criminal proceedings for assault

After a disco brawl on June 29, 2013 in Freilassing , two guests reported Kollegah for dangerous physical harm : he had knocked one guest down and broke the other's nose. Kollegah said he acted in self-defense and had been kicked, beaten and strangled himself. After an acquittal due to a lack of evidence and the appeal proceedings, the Traunstein Regional Court closed the proceedings with the consent of the indictment under Section 153a StPO against a payment of 40,000 euros to charitable organizations and 3,000 euros each to the two injured parties.

At a concert on March 18, 2017 in Leipzig , a usual battle rap was supposed to be played on stage between two spectators. When a participant grabbed Kollegah's sunglasses , the latter first rejected him, then pushed him away, kicked him and hit him in the face with his fist. After security forces dragged the participant off the stage, Kollegah continued the concert. After much criticism of his behavior on the Internet and media reports about it, an uninvolved person reported Kollegah on March 20. Later, the defeated reported to the investigators. Kollegah claimed that he threatened and insulted him. He was fined € 18,000 in August 2017; his lawyer appealed the penalty order .

Discography

→ Main article : Kollegah / discography

Studio albums

So far, the artist has released six studio albums, all of which entered the charts. Since his fourth studio album, King , all of the albums have topped the German charts. The sound carrier King is also Kollegah's most successful album with over 315,000 units sold, followed by pimp tape Vol. 4 with over 207,500 sales. In total, Kollegah's studio albums were awarded two gold records and two platinum records in Germany and one gold and one platinum record each in Austria. King stayed in the German charts the longest at 23 weeks. The total sales of his studio albums amount to over 682,500, of which he received record awards for 622,500 units sold.

year	title	Top ranking, total weeks, awardChart placementsChart placements (Year, title, rankings, weeks, awards, notes)			Remarks
		DE	AT	CH
2007	Alphagene	DE51 (1 week) DE	-	-	First published: November 16, 2007 Sales: + 20,000
2008	Kollegah	DE17 (2 weeks) DE	AT48 (1 week) AT	-	First published: August 29, 2008
2011	Bossaura	DE5 (4 weeks) DE	AT19 (2 weeks) AT	CH14 (1 week) CH	First published: October 14, 2011 Sales: + 40,000
2014	King	DE1 × 3 Triple gold (23 weeks)DE	AT1 platinum (15 weeks)AT	CH1 (11 weeks) CH	First published: May 9, 2014 Sales: + 315,000
2015	Pimp Tape Vol. 4	DE1 platinum (22 weeks)DE	AT2 gold (11 weeks)AT	CH2 (9 weeks) CH	First published: December 11th, 2015 Sales: + 207,500
2016	Emperor	DE1 gold (20 weeks)DE	AT1 (7 weeks) AT	CH1 (6 weeks) CH	First published: December 9, 2016 Sales: + 100,000
2018	monument	DE1 (13 weeks) DE	AT1 (7 weeks) AT	CH1 (9 weeks) CH	First published: December 7, 2018
2019	Alphagene II	DE1 (11 weeks) DE	AT7 (8 weeks) AT	CH3 (7 weeks) CH	First published: December 13, 2019

Awards

Kollegah with his 1LIVE crown

1 live crown

year	receiver	nomination	price	Result	Ref.
2014	Kollegah	"You are boss"	Best hip-hop act	Won

echo

year	receiver	nomination	price	Result	Ref.
2015	Kollegah	Kollegah	Best Interactive Act national	Won
			Hip-Hop / Urban
2016			Best Interactive Act national
			Hip-Hop / Urban
2017				Nominated
2018	Kollegah & Farid Bang	Young, brutal, handsome 3		Won
			Album of the year	Nominated

Hiphop.de Awards

year	receiver	nomination	price	Result	Ref.
2009	Kollegah	"Fan Mail"	Best punchline	Won
		Pimp Tape Volume 3	Best mixtape national
	Kollegah & Farid Bang	Young, brutal, handsome	Best collaboration
			Best National Album	Nominated
2010	Kollegah	Hoodtape Volume 1	Best mixtape national	Won
	Fard feat. Kollegah, Farid Bang, Snaga, Summer Cem	"60 Infinity Terror Bars"	Best collaboration	Nominated
	Favorite feat. Kollegah	"Discospeed"	Best single national
	Kollegah	"Catapult"	Best punchline
		Kollegah	Greatest embarrassment
			Best Rap Solo Act National

German web video award

year	receiver	nomination	price	Result	Ref.
2014	Kollegah	"Armageddon"	AAA	Won
			Epic
		"Rejoice, the boss is here"	Newbie
2017		"Nero"	Original song	Nominated

Hiphop.de Awards

• 2009: Best Punchline
• 2009: Best collaboration for Young, Brutal, Gutaussehend (with Farid Bang )
• 2009: Best Mixtape National for Pimp Tape Vol. 3
• 2010: Best Mixtape National for Hoodtape Vol. 1
• 2011: Best collaboration for Kobrakopf (with arrest warrant & Farid Bang )
• 2011: Best Punchline
• 2013: Best Punchline
• 2013: Best Rap Solo Act National
• 2015: Best Rap Solo Act National
• 2017: Best Group National (with Farid Bang)

Books

• THAT'S ALPHA !: The 10 Boss Commandments , Riva, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-74230-167-3 .

Web links

Commons : Kollegah  - collection of images

• Kollegah at laut.de
• Kollegah at Allmusic (English)
• Kollegah at Discogs (English)
• Paul Schwenn, Johann Voigt: Undercover in Kollegahs “Alpha Mentoring”. In: BuzzFeed , July 31, 2019.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Artist ID 00491070661 at the Society for Musical Performance and Mechanical Reproduction Rights ; Kollegah: This is Alpha! P. 99
2. ↑ ^{a b} Dennis Kraus: Kollegah, slippers instead of sneakers. In: Backspin Hip Hop Magazin 96/2008, pp. 10-16
3. ↑ Kollegah on his last fight, Young Latino & Money Worries. 16bars.de, December 15, 2015
4. ↑ Daniel Göbel: A boss with muscles: Kollegah's pimp rap in music theater. hna.de , October 7, 2014
5. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Problem child (13: 3) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
6. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Guybrush Threepwood (15: 7) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
7. ↑ eFTsEkaWE vs. DERKOLLEGAH (2:11) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
8. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Dollar Bill (12: 5) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
9. ↑ Merlin vs. DERKOLLEGAH (2:12) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
10. ↑ NoMell vs. DERKOLLEGAH (7: 11) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
11. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. dec (14:15) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
12. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Teitam Maik (8: 4) . In: RBA . Archived from the original on December 3, 2017.
13. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Vito Vitality (16:10) . In: RBA .
14. ↑ Guybrush Threepwood vs. DERKOLLEGAH (12: 5) . In: RBA .
15. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. JohnnyDerDon (12:15) . In: RBA .
16. ↑ DERKOLLEGAH vs. Muchacho (12: 1) . In: RBA .
17. ↑ Kah-Ohh-Beh vs. DERKOLLEGAH (5:12) . In: RBA .
18. ↑ dec vs. DERKOLLEGAH (6:12) . In: RBA .
19. ↑ The Reaser vs. Young Latino (4: 8) . In: RBA .
20. ↑ kri'Z vs. Young Latino (15: 6) . In: RBA .
21. ↑ DaX vs. YoungLatino (0-0) . In: RBA .
22. ^ Christian Flash [LS Fam vs. DERKOLLEGAH (:)] . In: RBA .
23. ↑ Zee4 vs. DERKOLLEGAH (0: 0) . In: RBA .
24. ↑ PapaDog vs. DERKOLLEGAH (:) . In: RBA .
25. ↑ Battle overview from DERKOLLEGAH. Reimliga Battle Arena (RBA)
26. ↑ ^{a b} Niko Hüls: The Kollegah file. In: Backspin Hip Hop Magazin 90 / November 2007, pp. 40–42
27. ↑ Kollegah battlet in federal battle. badaboom badabang blog, July 30, 2008
28. ↑ News. Projecter.net / Kollegah
29. ↑ Kollegah signed by Selfmade Records. Rad4Fame, December 7, 2005
30. ↑ Releases. Self-made records
31. ↑ Juice 08/2006, p. 122
32. ↑ Rizbo. genius
33. ↑ The 20 best moments from 20 years: “Splash!” Festival. Musik Express, July 6, 2017
34. ↑ Davide Bortot: Hot Autumn - Kollegah. Juice Magazin 11/2007, pp. 68-70
35. ↑ Drug trafficking spoils release date. Laut.de, August 31, 2007
36. ↑ J. Putenpurackal: Kollegah and Farid Bang challenge Heino: Who are these rowdy rappers? Bild.de, February 16, 2013
37. ^ Night tracks crew. Nachtspuren.de
38. ↑ Stress at a self-made concert in Berlin? - Update: rap.de confirms incident. 16bars, April 9, 2009
39. ↑ dj tomekk toony publish Ehrenkodex hiphop.de , accessed on February 1, 2019.
40. ↑ Royal record: a terrific week of sales for Kollegah. GFK Entertainment, May 19, 2004
41. ↑ Chart success for Kollegah and Farid Bang - German gangster rap is back. Spiegel Online, February 19, 2013
42. ↑ Kollegah: with "King" on one, gold after 24 hours, 18 singles in the top 100 | with video. Musikmark.de, May 19, 2014
43. ↑ Kollegah displaces Helene Fischer from first place. Focus, December 18, 2015
44. ↑ Kollegah is the boss of the Official German Charts. Federal Association of the Music Industry , December 18, 2015
45. ↑ Kollegah founds its own label - first signing announces release. 16bars.de
46. ↑ Official German Charts - Seyed: Engel mit der AK. officialcharts.de
47. ↑ Kollegah: streaming record and number 1 in the official German charts. Officialcharts.de, December 16, 2016
48. ↑ July - Friday Releases # 2: Kollegah, French Montana, 21 Savage and many more. Boutblank, July 14, 2017
49. ↑ Farid Bang and Kollegah celebrate gold status of “JBG 3”. 16bars, December 1st, 2017
50. ↑ Kollegah & Farid Bang with a six-fold record in the official German charts. Officialcharts.de, December 8, 2017
51. ↑ Markus Lücker: Kollegah and Farid Bang win an echo - and get boos. Der Tagesspiegel, April 12, 2018
52. ↑ After dissertation to KMN - Kollegah and Farid strike! April 12, 2018
53. ↑ New announcement: Kollegah and Farid Bang announce new album. bigFM, June 27, 2018
54. ↑ David Hugendick: Tighten up, Fridolin. Time online, September 25, 2018
55. ↑ Jonas Lindemann: Kollegah announces "Alphagene 2". Hiphop.de, October 10, 2019
56. ↑ 1Live Talk from June 11, 2014 ( mp3 ( memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), from 7:00 p.m.): “I've wanted to distance myself from that for a long time. I totally despise the profession of the pimp and that is a term that originated from the early days [...] 2005, 2006 I recorded mix tapes and called the pimp tapes [...] simply as a transcription of the American 'pimp rape', just like that 'you're the coolest, […] bling-bling and that shit. [...] I have to contact Wikipedia so that they can delete that '"
57. ↑ Nora Gantenbrink: With the boss at the Ballermann. Stern, December 11, 2015
58. ↑ ^{a b} Carmen Pförtner: Dispute over Kollegah's 'pimp rap': Critics demand the cancellation of the performance in Bielefeld. Neue Westfälische, November 30, 2011
59. ↑ Kollegah in an interview: “Have seen a lot as a person”. Merkur.de, December 10, 2016
60. ↑ Thomas Kramar: Hip-Hop and Islamism: "King Bushido, second name Mohammed". The press, January 12, 2015
61. ↑ Carmen Pförtner: Kollegah is now rapping in Bielefeld's 'Stereo'. NW, December 2, 2011.
62. ↑ Christian Jakob: Pimp Rap: Kollegah is not welcome. In: taz, December 5, 2011
63. ^ Bielefeld / Bremen: Kollegah should be on the index. NW, December 10, 2011; 'Pimp-Rapper Kollegah': Youth Welfare Office calls for indexing. NW, December 14, 2011
64. ↑ “Young, brutal, good-looking” lands on the index: Statement ... 16bars.de, June 19, 2012, accessed on April 18, 2018 . 
65. ↑ Jens Balzer: Responsibility is not a category for you . In: taz . February 14, 2018, p. 13 .
66. ↑ Westfälische Nachrichten, October 30, 2019, RAW01.
67. ↑ Westfälische Nachrichten, October 30, 2019, RAW01.
68. ↑ ^{a b} Kollegah's new album "Alphagene II": Boss, Alphamann and Alphaboss. www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de, December 13, 2019
69. ^ Gerhard Strate: Artistic freedom against human dignity. In: Cicero, April 12, 2018
70. ↑ ^{a b} Leon Holly: Anti-Semitic clichés and conspiracy theories. Tagesspiegel, April 19, 2018
71. ^ ^{A b c} Leon Dische Becker: Schmock transformation. Friday, April 12th, 2018
72. ↑ Viola Funk: The Story: The Dark Side of German Rap. WDR, March 28, 2018
73. ^ ^{A b} Daniel Dillmann: Echo Award 2018: Anti-Semitism as an aesthetic code. FRI, April 12, 2018
74. ↑ Viola Funk: The Story: The Dark Side of German Rap. WDR, March 28, 2018; Jakob Baier: "The world has not yet been saved ... But the resistance is growing!" Anti-Semitic conspiracy myths in popular culture using the example of the music video "Apocalypse" (2016) by rapper Kollegah , in: Johannes Kuber / Michael Butter / Ute Caumanns / Bernd-Stefan Grewe / Johannes Großmann (ed.), Of back rooms and secret machinations. Conspiracy theories in the past and present (Im Dialog. Contributions from the Academy of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart, 3/2020), pp. 171–187.
75. ↑ David Büchler: Rap and anti-Semitism - What we can take from the WDR documentary. Hiphop.de, March 31, 2018
76. ↑ Jakob Baier: "The Echo Debate: Anti-Semitism in Rap." In: Samuel Salzborn (Ed.): Antisemitism since 9/11. Events, debates, controversies. Nomos, Baden-Baden 2019, p. 114 f.
77. ↑ Marcus Staiger: The packer in the West Bank - Staiger on Kollegah's trip to Palestine. In: Noisey.Vice.com, November 30, 2016
78. ↑ Sibylle Berg: Ambassador of Prejudice: There's a wall here, dude! Spiegel online, December 10, 2016. Other reviews: Kollegah receives heavy criticism for Palestine documentary. Stern, December 2, 2016; How anti-Semitic is German rap? N24, December 30, 2016
79. ↑ Jakob Baier: "The Echo Debate: Anti-Semitism in Rap." In: Samuel Salzborn (Ed.): Antisemitism since 9/11. Events, debates, controversies. Nomos, Baden-Baden 2019, p. 116
80. ↑ Outrage over Auschwitz comparison in a rap. The press, April 13, 2018
81. ↑ Land gives recommendations for future Hessentage: Minister criticizes Rüsselsheim for Kollegah at Rap-Night. Rüsselsheimer Echo, January 24, 2017
82. ↑ Robin Göckes: City councilors decided after a long debate. Rüsselsheim: Kollegah concert is canceled. Rüsselsheimer Echo, February 3, 2017
83. ↑ Kollegah shouldn't rap - there is a risk of compensation. FAZ, February 2, 2017
84. ^ Johann Voigt: Kollegah, an anti-Semite? The rapper has now opened the discussion. Jetzt.de, March 23, 2017
85. ^ ^{A b c} Jens-Christian Rabe: Anti-Semitism in rap: "My body is more defined than by Auschwitz inmates". SZ, April 7, 2018
86. ↑ Skinny (rap.de): Review: Kollegah & Farid Bang - Jung Brutal Gutaussehend 3 .
87. ↑ Lars Weisbrod: Kollegah & Farid Bang: Young, brutal, anti-Semite? Die Zeit, April 11, 2018
88. ↑ Toni Lukic: 6 perfidious stylistic devices with which the language genius Kollegah is currently defending itself. Watson.de, April 13, 2018
89. ↑ Dennis Sand: The Kollegah debate must finally be conducted fairly! Welt online, April 14, 2018
90. ↑ Musicians return echoes: "New level of brutality reached". FAZ, April 17, 2018
91. ↑ Echo: Daniel Barenboim also returns awards. Time online, April 23, 2018
92. ↑ Music expert after Echo-Eklat: "Fischer does not have to see himself as a 'victim' of a campaign." Www.focus.de, April 20, 2018
93. ↑ Jakob Baier: "The Echo Debate: Anti-Semitism in Rap." In: Samuel Salzborn (Ed.): Antisemitism since 9/11. Events, debates, controversies. Nomos, Baden-Baden 2019, p. 119 f.
94. ↑ Sponsor jumps from the Echo music award. dpa / Zeit, April 18, 2018
95. ↑ Controversial Echo Awards: record company stops working with Kollegah and Farid Bang. Tagesspiegel, April 19, 2018
96. ↑ Gerrit Bartels: Prize for Kollegah and Farid Bang: The anti-echo storm comes too late. Tagesspiegel, April 16, 2018
97. ↑ Arno Frank: Antilopen Gang over Kollegah: 'Like a fascist agitator'. Spiegel online, April 13, 2018; After echo scandal: Kollegahs and Farid Bangs record company BMG starts campaign against anti-Semitism - and protects the scandal rappers. Meedia, April 19, 2018
98. ↑ After the Kollegah and Farid Bang scandal: the Echo music prize is completely abolished. Spiegel online, April 25, 2018
99. ↑ Incitement of the people? Report against scandal rappers and BMG boss. Westfalenblatt, April 24, 2018; Angela Wiese: Echo scandal about rapper text: criminal complaint against BMG boss. Neue Westfälische, April 24, 2018
100. ↑ Rappers Kollegah and Farid Bang: Investigations are set. taz, June 16, 2018
101. ↑ Kollegah and Farid Bang visit Auschwitz. Time June 7th 2018
102. ↑ Kollegah on Auschwitz and Holocaust lines: “I will never use something like this again”. Spiegel, October 4, 2018
103. ^ Benny Fischer: Kollegah and the Holocaust. Jewish General, November 15, 2018
104. ↑ Jakob Baier: “The Echo Debate. Anti-Semitism in rap. ”In: Samuel Salzborn (Ed.): Antisemitism since 9/11. Events, debates, controversies. Nomos, Baden-Baden 2019, p. 121 ff.
105. ↑ "Anti-Semitic Texts" - Rapper Kollegah is not welcome in Rastatt. Welt online, October 25, 2019
106. ↑ After criticism: Organizer cancels Kollegah concert. dpa / Abendzeitung Munich, December 13, 2019
107. ↑ Linus Freymark, Ingrid Fuchs: Culture in Munich: Kollegah concert canceled for the second time. SZ, December 14, 2019
108. ^ Daniel Drepper, Paul Schwenn, Johann Voigt: Exclusive: Undercover at Kollegah's Alpha Army. Vice.com, July 31, 2019
109. ↑ Daniel Drepper, Johann Voigt, Paul Schwenn: Kollegah warns our research on "Alpha Mentoring" - we leave the article online. Vice, August 8, 2019
110. ↑ Simon Sales Prado: Legal dispute between BR and rapper - Kollegah loses against BR. taz, December 19, 2019
111. ↑ After the judgment for insult and fine: Kollegah turns to Geissen daughters. Focus, June 3, 2020
112. ↑ Kollegah with its own Bosstransformation fitness program . rap.de, January 30, 2014; accessed on December 27, 2015
113. ↑ The best shape of your life in 12 weeks. . In: Bosstransformation . Retrieved December 5, 2017.
114. ↑ Kollegah founds its own label . In: Selfmade Records . September 2016. Archived from the original on December 6, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 5, 2017. 
115. ↑ Muni: Kollegah founds own label Alpha Music . In: Rap.de . Retrieved December 5, 2017.
116. ↑ MusikWoche | News | Warner Music distributes new Kollegah label. In: www.mediabiz.de. Retrieved August 15, 2016 . 
117. ↑ Alphagene Tour - Cover . In: Hip-Hop.de .
118. ↑ MIDDLE FINGER UP! TOUR 2009 . In: Rappers.in . April 18, 2009. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
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