Holýšov
| Holýšov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Domažlice | ||||
| Area : | 2930.6412 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 36 ' N , 13 ° 6' E | ||||
| Height: | 357 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 5,191 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 345 62 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Pilsen - Furth in the forest | ||||
| Railway connection: | Pilsen – Furth in the forest | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Mendřec (as of 2014) | ||||
| Address: | náměstí 5. května 32 345 62 Holýšov |
||||
| Municipality number: | 553654 | ||||
| Website : | www.mestoholysov.cz | ||||
Holýšov (German Holeischen , also Holleischen ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 26 kilometers southwest of the city center of Plzeň and belongs to the Okres Domažlice .
geography
Holýšov is located on the right bank of the Radbuza in the Pilsen Hills. To the northeast rises the Trný (516 m) and in the southeast of the Makový vrch with bunkers of the Czechoslovak Wall . In the north there is a former military area. State road 26 runs through the city between Pilsen and Furth im Wald . On the south-western outskirts of the city, the Chuchla joins the Radbuza.
Neighboring towns are Nový Dvůr, Hamerský Mlýn, Lisov and Hradec in the north, Střelice , Stod and Lelov in the northeast, Líšina , Čelákovy and Zemětice in the east, Merklín , Lhota and Vytůň in the southeast, Dolní Kamenice and Horní Kamenice in the south, Ohwestenučov, Kvíčovice and Neuměř in the west and Trubce, Hradišťany and Honezovice in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of Holýšov comes from 1273. At that time the village was part of the possessions of the Chotěšov monastery . After its destruction by the Hussites in 1421, Holýšov belonged to various worldly owners and was divided in the 16th century. The Lobkowitz princes were the lords of Holýšov until 1623 , after which the village came back to the Chotěšov monastery. After its secularization in 1782, Prince Karl Alexander von Thurn und Taxis acquired the Chotěšov rule for 1,080,000 guilders from the religious fund in 1822. Thurn und Taxis held the goods in Holýšov until 1919.
At the beginning of the 19th century, coal mining began southeast of Holýšov in the Wittuna basin (Vytůň) . Lead , silver , zinc and graphite were also mined in the vicinity of the village . In 1850 there were 343 people living in Holýšov. In 1897 Andreas Ziegler founded a mirror glass factory in Holleischen. This glass factory, which was one of the most modern in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, gave the place an increasingly urban character. In 1900 Holýšov had about 700 inhabitants and in 1930 there were 1,597. In 1934 the mirror glass factory ceased operations in Holýšov and relocated its production. In 1938, light fortifications of the Czechoslovak Wall were built south of the village.
After the Munich Agreement , Holeischen was incorporated into the Mies district of the new Reichsgau Sudetenland in autumn 1938 and thus belonged to the German Reich from 1939 to 1945. The official name of the village at this time was Holeischen . In 1939, 1359 people lived in Holeischen. During the National Socialist era , the mirror factory was converted into an armaments factory. The metal works Holleischen GmbH (MWH) produced ammunition and anti-aircraft guns. In the Hořina forest on the left of the Radbuza, a second work was created a little later. The settlement (now Vyhledy) was built in 1940 for workers in the armaments factory and a casino was opened. The station was built in 1942 and five prisoner-of-war camps were set up. From 1944, female concentration camp prisoners were also employed as workers, for whom a satellite camp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp was set up on an agricultural estate one kilometer from Holleischen from April 1944 . On September 1, 1944, the camp was attached to the Flossenbürg concentration camp . It existed until May 3, 1945 and was liberated by the Polish underground army Narodowe Siły Zbrojne . There was also a concentration camp for men who had to work in Plant II until January 31, 1945. Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH had a total of 8,000 employees, plus almost 2,000 prisoners and concentration camp inmates. Holleischen was also a training camp for the female concentration camp guards of the Flossenbürg satellite camps. Until the end of the Second World War, the population of Holeischen increased sharply. In 1945 the MWH was badly destroyed by bombing attacks, and parts of the town were also damaged by attacks on the railway line.
After the war ended, the camps were used as internment camps for Germans. A mechanical engineering company was established on the MWH site. The former Plant II in the Hořina Forest was re-used as a barracks; today it is an industrial site. On July 1, 1960 Holýšov was raised to the city.
City structure
The town of Holýšov consists of the districts Dolní Kamenice ( Unter Kamenzen ) and Holýšov ( Holeischen ). Basic settlement units are Dolní Kamenice, Holýšov and Nový Dvůr ( Neuhof ). The Hamerský Mlýn ( hammer mill ) and Vytůň ( Wittuna ) settlements also belong to Holýšov .
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Dolní Kamenice u Staňkova and Holýšov.
Town square
Museum - House of History of the Holýšovsko Region
city
railway station
Street No. 23
Partner municipality
- Kümmersbruck , Germany; The partnership has existed since 1992; Since 2005 there has also been a regular youth exchange.
Attractions
- Church of St. Peter and Paul, the former Gothic building, which can be traced back to 1352, received a baroque redesign in 1743
- Bunkers of the Czechoslovak Wall
- Vyhledy settlement built from 1940
- Remains of a castle from the Bronze and Hallstatt ages on the Trný
economy
The Daimler AG maintains in Holýšov a work of her daughter EvoBus (EvoBus Česká republika sro) with 360 employees (as of December 31, 2013) for the manufacture of body components and segments for bus production in Mannheim .
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/553654/Holysov
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Website of the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial Accessed July 6, 2016
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/553654/Obec-Holysov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/553654/Obec-Holysov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/553654/Obec-Holysov
- ↑ EvoBus Bohemia sro ( Memento of the original from November 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Daimler AG website. Retrieved September 10, 2014.
