Rybník nad Radbuzou

Rybník
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Plzeňský kraj
District :	Domažlice
Area :	3653.3937 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 31 '  N , 12 ° 41'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 30 '58 "  N , 12 ° 40' 34"  E
Height:	532  m nm
Residents :	188 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	345 25
License plate :	P
traffic
Street:	Hostouň - Schwarzach
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	3
administration
Mayor :	Miroslav Kadlec (as of 2014)
Address:	Rybník 10 345 25 Hostouň
Municipality number:	554189
Website :	www.obec-rybnik.cz

Rybník (German Waier ) is a municipality with 187 inhabitants in the Czech Republic . It is located at 532 m above sea level. M. in the valley of the Radbuza in the Upper Palatinate Forest near the Bavarian border. The cadastral area is 3654 ha.

geography

The place in the nature park Český les is 10 km west of the town Poběžovice at the foot of the Velká skála (Big Rock, 792 m) and the Železný vrch (Eisenberg, 789 m). The closest city is the Bavarian Schönsee, 9 km to the west . The municipality of Rybník can be reached by car from the German side via the border crossings Waldmünchen / Lísková (Haselbach) and Eslarn / Železná (Eisendorf), each approx. 13 km; also for pedestrians and cyclists on the cross-border hiking trails Stadlern / Rybník (Waier) and Kleinsteinlohe / Hraničná (Paadorf). Neighboring towns are the Bavarian forest houses in the west and Závist (envy) in the south. To the east rises the 752 m high Stráž, behind which Šidlákov (Schilligkau) and Šibanov (Schiefernau) lie.

history

The foundation of the village goes back to a fish pond, which is said to have been created around 1571–79 by the knight Johann von Wiedersberg . The family of Wiedersberger originally came from the Saxon Vogtland , got control of the nearby Muttersdorf towards the end of the 16th century and had some influence in the region until the 19th century. In 1589 Waier was formally founded by a contract with the town of Domažlice . Contemporary sources mention in 1630 a place called Chalupy u Rybníka , "Huts by the fish pond ". The settlement was preserved after the fish pond, whose dam was near the hamlet of Althütten, and was given the simple name Waier (Rybník in Czech).

The actual settlement of the village began around 1760. The first important thing for further development was the construction of a glassworks, the Troithütte, in the place of which the Goldbrunnhütte was built in 1789, which was closed again in 1810. A customs office is documented in Waier for 1825. This was followed by a Puchermühle (a hammer mill for glass processing) and in 1864 a steam saw, which was shut down in 1876. The name of the district Droht (Draha in Czech) is derived from the name of the original Troithütte; another district of Waier was called Rappauf; this is not to be confused with the hamlet of the same name belonging to the neighboring Pleš ( Plöss ).

For the year 1785, 24 houses and 129 residents are already mentioned for Waier, for 1839 37 houses and 273 residents, for 1910 42 houses and 389 residents, for 1930 65 houses and 434 residents, 425 of them Germans, and for 1945 71 houses and 370 residents.

The Church of St. Anna was built in 1795–98, after a chapel, which has been documented since 1786, and the cemetery laid out in 1787, and was given a tower in the course of an extension in 1827. The elevation of the church to parish church in 1856 was of central importance for the further development of the place . Until then, Waier and the surrounding places were parish and also schooled in Muttersdorf.

The three parishes belonged to the parish of Waier

• Waier with the villages of Waier (434 inhabitants in 1930) and Bernstein (98);
• Envy with envy (161), Friedrichshof (97), Schnaggenmühle (42), Franzbrunnhütte (34) and
• Schwarzach with Schwarzach (96), Unterhütte (385), Oberhütte and Paadorf (together 414 inhabitants). Paadorf was only founded in 1875 on his own initiative by Wenzel Paa without a building permit.

Another four neighboring congregations, whose residents usually went to church in Waier due to their proximity, were:

• Schwanenbrückl with Schwanenbrückl (260 inhabitants in 1930), Althütten (435), Johanneshütte (62);
• Large gorschin with large gorschin (81), small gorschin (37), Putzbühl (31), Pfaffenberg (25);
• Neubäu with Neubäu (298) and Fuchsberg (100); such as
• Rindl (239).

These parishes were actually part of the parish of Muttersdorf (Schwanenbrückl, Großgorschin, Rindl) and Heiligenkreuz (Neubäu), but belonged to the parish of Waier 'unofficially' and in the awareness of the residents. The total population of all these places in 1930 was 3329 people.

As the many place names on "-hütten" show, the founding of glassworks is the starting point for the settlement and cultivation of the area, which lies close to the border with Bavaria. After these glassworks were closed, forestry and agriculture became the dominant branches of business, alongside lace making. However, many residents also had to go to the spa towns of Marienbad , Karlsbad or Saxony to pick hops as seasonal workers . From the middle of the 19th century, the area belonged to the judicial district of Ronsperg in the Bischofteinitz district . At the beginning of the 20th century, Waier and the surrounding area became a popular summer retreat.

After the Munich Agreement , Waier came to the German district of Bischofteinitz , to which it belonged until 1945. Hopes for a further economic upswing through tourism were dashed by the Second World War and the expulsion of the German population. Because of its close proximity to the border, Rybník was in the restricted area and was only sparsely repopulated. The places Bernštejn ( Bernstein ) and Hraničná ( Paadorf ) became the locations of a company of the Czechoslovak Pohraniční stráž (border guard). The iron curtain in the form of a two-row fence ran in the immediate vicinity . Not far from Rybník, a telecommunications tower for radio reconnaissance was built in 1978 on the Velký Zvon (Plattenberg, 862 m), similar to the reconnaissance posts on the Čerchov or the Dyleň .

A border guard company was also housed in Dianin Dvůr ( Dianahof ) , the former hunting lodge of the Coudenhove-Kalergi dynasty, rulers in Ronsperg . After that, this property, located on the border between Schwarzach and Unterhütten, completely fell into disrepair.

The former parish church of St. Anna in Rybník fell into disrepair after 1945 and was demolished in 1964. From 1973 a school and a total of seven multi-family houses in prefabricated construction were built at its location.

Old house in Rybník (2013)

Only a few of the old houses have survived. The townscape of Rybník is dominated today by an extensive agricultural complex, which was built in 1982 as an internship school for the Pedagogical Faculty of the University of Pilsen .

Chapel in Rybník (2013)

After the opening of the border, the municipal administration built a symbol chapel in cooperation with former German residents on the site of the destroyed church.

Restaurant with overnight accommodation in Rybník (2013)

There is also a restaurant with a hotel in Rybník. Závist is still used for recreational purposes.

Hardly any traces have been preserved from the other surrounding towns, which used to belong to the Waier parish. Bedřichov ( Friedrichshof ) still has an abandoned house, in Bernštejn ( Bernstein ) and Hraničná ( Paadorf ) there are only the empty barracks buildings. A memorial cross was erected on the site of the Binhacken chapel, which used to stand between Hraničná and Závist. Due to their proximity to the border, all other places were abandoned to decay and plundered for the extraction of building material after 1945 and finally destroyed according to plan, mostly during 1957. Apart from more or less clearly recognizable wall remnants, only the place names remain as field names: Mlynářka ( Schnaggenmühle ) Františčina hat '( Franz Brunn hut ) Švarcava ( Schwarzach or Bohemia Schwarzach ), Horni hat' ( Oberhütte ), Dolni hat '( Unterhütte ) Stará hat' ( Althütten ) Jánská hat '( Johanneshütte ), Velký Horsin ( Großgorschin ), Malý Horšín ( small corschin ), Horka ( Putzbühl ), Kněžská ( Pfaffenberg ), Novosedly ( Neubäu ), Liščí Hora ( Fuchsberg ) and Korytany ( Rindl ). The villages of Velký Horšín, Malý Horšín and Liščí Hora were sparsely populated until the 1970s and were abandoned in 1974. Mostek was abandoned as a village in 1950 and now forms a district again with its only remaining house.

Community structure

The municipality Rybník consists of the districts Rybník ( Waier ), Závist ( Neid ) and Mostek ( Schwanenbrückl ). Basic settlement units are Korytany ( Rindl ), Mostek, Novosedly ( new building ), Rybník, Švarcava ( Schwarzach ), Velký Horšín ( Großgorschin ) and Závist.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Korytany, Mostek u Rybníku, Novosedly u Rybníku, Rybník nad Radbuzou, Švarcava, Velký Horšín and Závist u Rybníku.

Population development

The following sources were used:

• Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, page 278 for the years 1869 to 2001. The information relates to Rybnik and the surrounding area (Althütten, Klein- and Groß Gorschin, Pfaffenberg, Bernstein, Friedrichshof, Putzbühl, Droth). Schwanenbrückl and Neid are shown separately.
• Rudolf Karl after Johann Micko: Waier. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler KG, Eichstätt 1967, pp. 280-282. The information relates only to the village of Rybnik, without the surrounding area.
• Rybník's website. The information relates only to the village of Rybnik, without the surrounding area. Only the information for 1930 refers to the entire municipality of Rybník including Schwanenbrückl and Neid.

to 1900

year	Residents	building	Remarks
1579	k. A.	1 saw, 1 guard house for the pond	only the village of Rybník
1656	k. A.	4 yards	only the village of Rybník
1722	49	6 houses	only the village of Rybník
1785	129	24 houses	only the village of Rybník
1839	273	37 houses	only the village of Rybník
1869	1261	157	Rybnik and surroundings
1880	1239	169	Rybnik and surroundings
1890	1255	171	Rybnik and surroundings
1890	331	44	only Rybnik
1900	1333	174	Rybnik and surroundings
1900	388 Germans and 1 Czech	k. A.	only Rybnik

1910-2001

year	Residents	building	Remarks
1910	1365	180	Rybnik and surroundings
1910	389	42	only Rybnik
1921	1368	181	Rybnik and surroundings
1930	1343	215	Rybnik and surroundings
1945	370	71	only Rybnik
1950	67	119	Rybnik and surroundings
1961	64	33	Rybnik and surroundings
1970	135	22nd	Rybnik and surroundings
1980	175	18th	Rybnik and surroundings
1991	157	18th	Rybnik and surroundings
2001	175	25th	Rybnik and surroundings

Culture and sights

→ Main article : List of listed objects in Rybník nad Radbuzou

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/554189/Rybnik
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/554189/Obec-Rybnik
4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/554189/Obec-Rybnik
5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/554189/Obec-Rybnik
6. ↑ Jiřina Růžková, Josef Škrabal, Vladimír Balcar, Radek Havel, Josef Křídlo, Marie Pavlíková, Robert Šanda: Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 . Ed .: Český statistický úřad. 1. díl. Český statistický úřad, Prague 2006, ISBN 80-250-1310-3 ( PDF for download ).
7. ↑ online ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
8. ↑ http://www.obec-rybnik.cz/informace-o-obci/historie/

literature

• Rudolf Womes (ed.): Parish Waier. Home memories between Hirschstein and Reichenstein, Schwarzach 1978.

Web links

Commons : Rybník (Domažlice District)  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Website of the municipality of CZ
• History of Waier D
• old town plan