Cassel (North)
| Cassel | ||
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| region | Hauts-de-France | |
| Department | North | |
| Arrondissement | Dunkerque | |
| Canton | Bailleul | |
| Community association | Flandre Intérieure | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 48 ′ N , 2 ° 29 ′ E | |
| height | 32-176 m | |
| surface | 12.65 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,289 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 181 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 59670 | |
| INSEE code | 59135 | |
 Hotel de la Noble Cour |
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Cassel ( Dutch Kassel ) is a French municipality with 2289 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in Nord in the region of Hauts-de-France near the border with Belgium . It is located in the Arrondissement of Dunkerque and in the Canton of Bailleul .
geography
The city is located on the 176 meter high Mont de Cassel , the highest point in French Flanders , a witness mountain in the far north of France, about 30 kilometers south of Dunkerque and 20 kilometers northeast of Saint-Omer . Neighboring communities of Cassel are Hardifort in the north, Oudezeele and Winnezeele in the northeast, Terdeghem in the east, Sainte-Marie-Cappel in the southeast, Hondeghem in the south, Oxelaëre and Bavinchove in the southwest, Zuytpeene in the west and Wemaers-Cappel in the northwest.
history
The Romans built the Castellum Menapiorum fort on the hill in the Menapier settlement , where numerous Roman roads crossed. The name of the town, which etymologically goes back to castellum , still reminds of the fort .
Cassel was the scene of several battles:
- 1071: Victory of the Flemish Count Robert I over his nephew Arnulf ( Battle of Cassel (1071) )
- 1328: Victory of King Philip VI. on the Flemish Communards ( Battle of Cassel (1328) )
- 1677: Victory of Philip I, Duke of Orléans , brother of Louis XIV , over the Dutch ( Battle of Cassel (1677) )
Cassel has been an important mill center for grain and oilseeds since the 17th century. At the beginning of the 20th century the town lost its economic importance. The population today is only about half as high as in 1800.
From October 1914 to 1915, Cassel was the headquarters of General Ferdinand Foch . In May 1940, a unit of the British expeditionary corps covered the withdrawal of British troops and their shipment to England for three days in the Battle of Dunkirk .
Attractions
See also: List of Monuments historiques in Cassel (North)
- The Mairie is located in the 16th century Hôtel de la Noble-Cour , which used to be the seat of the castellany and which also houses the Musée de Flandre , the regional museum of art , history and folklore .
- In 1687 a Jesuit chapel was built on the initiative of Brother Cornely. It was later leased to the recollect fathers before the state confiscated it during the French Revolution . The General and Count of Cassel Dominique-Joseph Vandamme then sold them. During the 19th century, a number of manual work was carried out on the chapel. At the beginning of the 20th century it received a patronage under the name Villa Saint-Joseph . Its facade was listed as a historical monument in 1981 , then restored in 2001 by the city council, which bought the chapel back.
- The Saint-Louis chapel has housed a media library since 2007 .
- Notre-Dame Collegiate Church
- At the beginning of the 20th century, Cassel had a total of 24 mills. Today only the "Kasteel Meulen" (Moulin de Cassel) exists. It replaces a 16th century mill that burned down in 1911. In 1947 the Tourist Office bought this post mill from the municipality of Arnèke for the production of linseed oil from the 18th century . It has been open to the public since 1949.
- Between Cassel and Steenvoorde there are four more (some heavily restored) mills from the 16th to 19th centuries. Century.
Cassel Abbey
Fallen memorial
Notre-Dame Collegiate Church
Stained glass window of the Notre-Dame collegiate church.
Organ of the Collegiate Church of Notre-Dame-de-la-Crypte.
Cassel Mill
Chapel of the old Jesuit college
6 meter high carnival figure Reuze Papa
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traffic
From 1910 to 1934 a tram connected the city with the train station.
Personalities
- Wilhelm von Rubruk (around 1215/20 to around 1270), probably comes from nearby Rubrouck
- Dominique Joseph Vandamme (1770–1830), Napoleonic general, born and died in Cassel
- Martin Gobrecht (1772–1845), Napoleonic general, born in Cassel
- Petrus Dathenus (around 1531 / 32–1588), Flemish theologian, born in Cassel
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Nord. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-119-8 , pp. 453-465.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry no. PA00107419 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Entry no. PA00107420 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Entry no. PA00107421 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
