Saint-Jans-Cappel
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Saint-Jans-Cappel Sint-Janskappel |
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| region | Hauts-de-France | |
| Department | North | |
| Arrondissement | Dunkerque | |
| Canton | Bailleul | |
| Community association | Flandre Intérieure | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 46 ' N , 2 ° 43' E | |
| height | 26–152 m | |
| surface | 7.96 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,722 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 216 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 59270 | |
| INSEE code | 59535 | |
| Website | http://www.saint-jans-cappel.fr/ | |
 Saint-Jean-Baptiste church |
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Saint-Jans-Cappel , Dutch Sint-Janskappel , is a commune with 1,722 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in Nord in the region of Hauts-de-France . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Dunkerque and the Flandre Intérieure municipality . West Flemish is also spoken in Saint-Jans-Cappel .
geography
The municipality of Saint-Jans-Cappel is located in French Flanders in the far north of France, roughly halfway between the cities of Dunkerque and Lille . The northeast of the municipality borders on Belgium (Heuvelland municipality).
The predominantly flat municipal area is drained by the Becque du Mont Noir , which flows south to the Leie ( Lys ). In the core town of Saint-Jans-Cappel, the Becque du Mont Noir houses the Capelle Becque, which comes from the northwest . The highest point in the municipality is the striking summit of the 152 m high Zwarteberg (Mont Noir), which, as part of the West Flemish hill country ( West-Vlaams Heuvelland / Monts des Flandres ), the basins of the Yser ( IJzer ) in the north of the basin of the Leie ( Lys ) separates in the south.
In addition to the closed settlement image of the Y-shaped street village of Saint-Jans-Cappel, there are numerous scattered individual farms and the small district of La Sapinière in the municipality .
Neighboring communities of Saint-Jans-Cappel are Heuvelland (Belgium) in the northeast, Bailleul in the southeast and south, Méteren in the southwest, Berthen in the west and Boeschepe in the northwest.
history
The municipality of Saint-Jans-Cappel was established in its current expansion during the French Revolution . The area was previously part of the Ambacht Bailleul for a long time .
Despite the peripheral location of the municipality, the revolution also left its mark on Saint-Jans-Cappel. So the church was closed and the furniture was auctioned. On May 14, 1794, the residents bought the church back for 42,500 francs. Eight years later, following the signing of the Concordat between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII , the first public services took place again.
There was unrest in deeply Catholic French Flanders at the beginning of the 20th century due to the law separating church and state .
In the period between October 1914 and April 1918 , Saint-Jans-Cappel was a single military camp for French and British soldiers of all branches behind the nearby front line. That changed in March 1918 when the Germans' offensive towards Armentières had to evacuate all the inhabitants of Saint-Jans-Cappel. Bombs and artillery projectiles caused considerable devastation in the village, and most of the houses were in ruins after the war. 54 residents of the community lost their lives in the First World War. The reconstruction of the village took about ten years.
After the start of the western campaign on May 10, 1940, the German troops reached Saint-Jans-Cappel, which was occupied for over four years before it was liberated on September 6, 1944.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 | |
| Residents | 1072 | 1060 | 1145 | 1105 | 1351 | 1472 | 1471 | 1722 | |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
Culture and sights
In Saint-Jans-Cappel a literary museum ( Musée Marguerite Yourcenar ) was set up, which is dedicated to the work of the writer Marguerite Yourcenar (1903-1987), who was accepted as the first woman in the Académie française .
On the site on the southern slope of Mont Noir , which belonged to the Cleenewerck Crayencour family (father of Marguerite Yourcenar) until 1913, there is a public park that also bears the author's name.
Readings, theater performances, book fairs, writing competitions, workshops and honors have been taking place in the Villa Départementale Marguerite Yourcenar on the southern slope of Mont Noir since 1997.
In the war cemetery near Mont Noir, fallen soldiers from the First World War rest, mainly from Great Britain and France.
Buildings
- Parish church of John the Baptist ( Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste / Sint-Janskerk ) with a remarkable organ
- Mariahilf Chapel ( Chapelle Notre Dame de Bonsecours )
See also: List of Monuments historiques in Saint-Jans-Cappel
Folklore and carnival
As in the entire Pas-de-Calais region in northern France and in neighboring Belgium, the giant figures ( Géants du Nord ) that are widespread at festivals are also part of the tradition in Saint-Jans-Cappel . The most famous character in Saint-Jans-Cappel is Reuze Maman . Since 2005, the performances have been carried out by UNESCO under the title Processions of Giants and Dragons from Belgium and France as masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity .
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is an important industry in the municipality. 17 farms with a size of 5 to 60 hectares deal with the cultivation of wheat, potatoes, maize, fodder plants and hops as well as with animal husbandry and production (pigs, cattle, poultry).
Another line of business is tourism, especially on the southern slope of Mont Noir (restaurants, camping sites, riding stables). There are also smaller craft and service businesses (leather goods, floor coverings, driving school, medical practice). The largest employer in Saint-Jans-Cappel, however, is a medical-pedagogical institute that looks after disabled people under the umbrella of the French Red Cross.
Saint-Jans-Cappel is the location of two primary schools ( écoles primaires ).
The A25 autoroute from Dunkerque to Lille (with a connection in Méteren to the southwest ) runs west of Saint-Jans-Cappel. The D 10 road from Bailleul to Poperinge in Belgium runs through the village .
Trains to Lille, Armentières , Hazebrouck , Dunkerque and Calais run from the SNCF train station in nearby Bailleul .
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Nord. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-119-8 , pp. 185-186.
supporting documents
- ↑ Historical overview. Retrieved March 11, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Saint-Jans-Cappel on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Saint-Jans-Cappel on insee.fr
- ^ Musée Marguerite Yourcenar. Retrieved March 11, 2011 (French).
- ^ Parc Départemental Marguerite Yourcenar. Retrieved March 11, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Entry on ww1cemeteries.com. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 28, 2010 ; accessed on March 11, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Reuze Maman on mincoin.free.fr. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 22, 2016 ; Retrieved March 11, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Farms on annuaire-mairie.fr (French)
- ↑ Vie économique. Retrieved March 11, 2011 (French).
