Bad Woerishofen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Bad Wörishofen
Bad Woerishofen
Map of Germany, location of the city Bad Wörishofen highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 0 '  N , 10 ° 36'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Swabia
County : Unterallgäu
Height : 630 m above sea level NHN
Area : 57.79 km 2
Residents: 16,328 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 283 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 86825
Area code : 08247
License plate : MN
Community key : 09 7 78 116
LOCODE : DE BAW
City structure: 12 parts of the community

City administration address : 		Bgm.-Ledermann-Straße 1
86825 Bad Wörishofen
Website : [1]
First Mayor : Stefan Welzel ( CSU )
Location of the city of Bad Wörishofen in the Unterallgäu district
Kaufbeuren Landkreis Augsburg Landkreis Günzburg Landkreis Neu-Ulm Landkreis Oberallgäu Landkreis Ostallgäu Buxheim (Schwaben) Memmingen Amberg (Schwaben) Apfeltrach Babenhausen (Schwaben) Bad Grönenbach Bad Wörishofen Benningen Benningen Böhen Boos (Schwaben) Breitenbrunn (Schwaben) Buxheim (Schwaben) Dirlewang Egg an der Günz Eppishausen Erkheim Ettringen (Wertach) Fellheim Hawangen Holzgünz Heimertingen Kammlach Kettershausen Kirchhaslach Kirchheim in Schwaben Kronburg Lachen (Schwaben) Lauben (Landkreis Unterallgäu) Lautrach Legau Markt Rettenbach Markt Wald Memmingerberg Mindelheim Niederrieden Oberrieden (Schwaben) Oberschönegg Ottobeuren Pfaffenhausen Pleß Rammingen (Bayern) Salgen Sontheim (Schwaben) Stetten (Schwaben) Trunkelsberg Türkheim Tussenhausen Ungerhausen Ungerhausen Unteregg Westerheim (Schwaben) Wiedergeltingen Winterrieden Wolfertschwenden Woringen Kaufbeuren Landkreis Unterallgäu Memmingen Amberg (Schwaben) Apfeltrach Babenhausen (Schwaben) Bad Grönenbach Bad Wörishofen Benningen Benningen Böhen Boos (Schwaben) Breitenbrunn (Schwaben) Buxheim (Schwaben) Dirlewang Egg an der Günz Eppishausen Erkheim Ettringen (Wertach) Fellheim Hawangen Heimertingen Holzgünz Kammlach Kettershausen Kirchhaslach Kirchheim in Schwaben Kronburg Lachen (Schwaben) Lauben (Landkreis Unterallgäu) Lautrach Legau Markt Rettenbach Markt Wald Memmingerberg Mindelheim Niederrieden Oberrieden (Schwaben) Oberschönegg Ottobeuren Pfaffenhausen Pleß Rammingen (Bayern) Salgen Sontheim (Schwaben) Stetten (Schwaben) Trunkelsberg Türkheim Tussenhausen Ungerhausen Ungerhausen Unteregg Westerheim (Schwaben) Wiedergeltingen Winterrieden Wolfertschwenden Woringen Baden-Württembergmap
About this picture
Luitpold-Leusser-Platz with the Kurhaus

Bad Wörishofen (until 1920: Wörishofen ) is a Kneipp spa and the largest city in the Swabian district of Unterallgäu and one of 13 efficient municipalities in Bavaria. Sebastian Kneipp worked as a pastor in Bad Wörishofen in the 19th century and from here spread the knowledge he had gained as a naturopathic lay healer about the healing power of water , the basis of the Kneipp cure .

geography

The city is located in the Donau-Iller region in Central Swabia , about 80 kilometers west of Munich and 35 kilometers east of Memmingen am Wörthbach , a tributary of the Mindel .

Expansion of the urban area

Part of the municipality Kirchdorf

There are 12 officially named municipal parts (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

The following places were located in the municipal area, all of which have now become deserted :

history

Early history and antiquity

Basalt tools found in the local area and stone tools made of Jura hornstone found in Hartenthal in 1959 prove that the area was settled back to the Middle Stone Age - there are corresponding finds from all over southern Swabia. Other finds between Stockheim and Bad Wörishofen include a Neolithic stone ax and cemetery from the Hallstatt period at the so-called Jaudesbühel near Bad Wörishofen. Finds from Celtic times are not documented; There are two coin finds from Roman times and the foundation walls of a Roman watchtower near Schlingen.

middle Ages

Place names such as Irsingen and Schlingen prove that the area was occupied and settled by the Alemanni at the end of the 5th century. From this time row graves with well-preserved skeletons and grave goods were found in Schlingen. The place was first mentioned in June 1067 as the "Werenshova" estate. The name means "at the court or the courtyards of Werin". It could be the first mention of the noble family of Werinhere, later Counts of Schwabegg . At that time the once free place already belonged to the diocese of Augsburg. In 1243 Christina von Fronhofen bequeathed the place to the Dominican Order with the condition that it be used to found a monastery. The Dominicans gave the place to the newly founded St. Katharina Monastery in Augsburg , the founder of which Christina is venerated. In the course of the following decades, the monastery bought other properties in the area and established an office in the 15th century, whose Ammann also became a judge of the Wörishofen estate. The hamlets of Schmiechen, Ober- and Untergammenried as well as Hartenthal and Schöneschach, founded around 1450, belonged to the monastery office.

Modern times

On papal decree to comply with the rules of the order, the Augsburg Dominicans were from 1719 to 1721 under the direction of the architect Franz Beer the Wörishofen Abbey built as a daughter house. In 1723 the rule of Wörishofen was initially transferred to him, but in 1725 the income from high and low jurisdiction, forest and collection of tax money went back to Augsburg. In 1773 the rights went back to Wörishofen Monastery for an annual fee.

In the course of secularization , the monastery was closed on November 29, 1802. In 1804 Wörishofen and its five hamlets were incorporated into the district court of Türkheim and from 1808 to 1818 the municipality of Wörishofen was formed. The properties belonging to the monastery were sold by the state. The community bought the former administrative building in the Schlössl and tore it down in 1829 in order to make a schoolhouse.

20th and 21st centuries

Brunnen am Kurpark, dedicated to Pastor Sebastian Kneipp on the occasion of his 76th birthday
Bad Wörishofen thermal baths, aerial photo 2009

The leisurely life in the village changed towards the end of the 19th century. Even before Sebastian Kneipp became pastor of St. Justina in 1881, there were spa guests in Wörishofen. In 1886, Kneipp's book Meine Wasserkur was published and created an increasing influx of spa guests. Regular spa operations began around 1889 under the direction of Pastor Sebastian Kneipp. He had come here on May 2, 1855 as a confessor for the Dominican convent. His therapy of using water to alleviate all kinds of ailments drew rich and health-conscious people into the village who were looking for healing. In 1886, Wörishofen had 183 houses with 1030 inhabitants. Between 1891 and 1896, more than 120 new buildings, mainly hotels and guest houses, were built in a building boom. At the beginning of the 1890s a new water pipe was built, and a new cemetery was laid out in 1895. In 1896 the Türkheim – Bad Wörishofen railway was put into operation. In 1905 a casino was built on the site of the burned down Artis Museum, which opened in 1906. Before the First World War, Wörishofen already had over 10,000 spa guests per year.

The spa business declined sharply during the First World War, the hotels and spa clinics were used as hospitals. The number of guests increased year after year from 1918 until the outbreak of World War II.

On March 6, 1920, Wörishofen was given the title “Bad”.

During the Second World War , the spa town became a hospital town again, from 1945 Bad Wörishofen belonged to the American zone of occupation and became a refugee town. The American military administration set up a DP camp to accommodate “ Displaced Persons ” (DP) . Most of them were from Lithuania . The camp was managed by UNRRA and had its own currency issued by UNRRA. In addition, many war refugees were assigned to the city due to the large number of guest beds. In the post-war period, the city housed 5036 residents and 5231 refugees.

In 1949 it was elevated to the status of a city. When the hotels and guest houses became vacant, the city's spa business increased again and gave the city another building boom. The number of guests and overnight stays increased from 1955 with 39,000 guests and 719,000 overnight stays to 69,000 guests and 1.44 million overnight stays in 1975.

The city ​​was not spared from the austerity measures in the health system, including restrictions on cures , in the 1990s. The annual overnight stays of up to 1.5 million dropped to 800,000 in 2003. Many health establishments and pensions had to close.

Plans to build a thermal bath on the threshold of the 21st century were followed critically by parts of the population . It was feared that the Kneipp teachings, which the locals had long since valued, would be watered down. In the meantime, the thermal baths opened in May 2004 with a South Sea flair and sauna world have become an attraction in Bad Wörishofen.

Incorporations

When it was appointed town in 1949, the districts of Hartenthal, Upper and Lower Hart, Upper and Untergammenried and Schöneschach were incorporated. On July 1, 1972, the previously independent municipality of Schlingen was incorporated in the course of the municipal reform. Kirchdorf was added on January 1, 1977. Dorschhausen and Stockheim followed on May 1, 1978. Bad Wörishofen is the most populous municipality in the Unterallgäu district.

Population development

Bad Wörishofen grew by 1,626 inhabitants or around 13% between 1988 and 2008. The population has increased massively since 2012. Between 1988 and 2018 the city grew from 12,312 to 15,963 by 3,651 inhabitants or 29.7%.

The population figures from 1840 onwards relate to today's municipality area (status: 1978).

Population development
year 1840 1900 1939 1950 1961 1970 1987 1988 1991 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Residents 2,205 3,997 6,030 9,514 9,641 11,327 12,195 12,312 13,115 13,592 13,511 13,956 14,105 15,446

politics

Bundestag election 2017
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
42%
11.6%
13.9%
12.8%
6.9%
5.4%
2.4%
5%
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2013
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
-14
-16
-14.1  % p
-2.3  % p
+ 7.7  % p
+ 6.3  % p
+1.0  % p
+ 2.3  % p
+ 0.1  % p
-0.9  % p
Otherwise.

mayor

On March 29, 2020, Stefan Welzel (CSU) was elected mayor in the runoff election against incumbent Paul Gruschka (free voters) with 53.9% of the votes; In the first ballot, Welzel received 32.6% of the votes from six applicants. Welzel has been in office since May 1, 2020.

On March 16, 2014, Gruschka was elected as the successor to Klaus Holetschek (CSU) with 53.32% of the votes as the first mayor of the Kneipp town; the turnout was 52.84%. Holetschek held the office from 2002 to 2013.

City council

Results of the city council elections
Party / list Election 2014 2008 election Election 2002
Share of votes Seats Share of votes Seats Share of votes Seats
CSU 42.10% 10 55.45% 14th 59.82% 15th
SPD 13.13% 3 13.10% 3 15.43% 4th
GREEN 13.37% 3 10.00% 2 6.96% 1
FWV 28.78% 7th 17.37% 4th 17.79% 4th
FDP 2.63% 1 4.07% 1 - -
total 100% 24 100% 24 100% 24
voter turnout 52.77% 50.83% 55.43%

After City Councilor Helmut Vater left the GRÜNEN parliamentary group shortly after the 2014 local elections and switched to the SPD city council parliamentary group, the GRÜNEN are represented in the city council of Bad Wörishofen with only two mandate holders, the SPD city council parliamentary group now with four.

coat of arms

City arms

The coat of arms was on May 27, 1915 by King Ludwig III. awarded by Bavaria . Blazon : "Under a silver shield head covered with a green linden branch in blue, a silver wavy bar."

Both the time of the adoption of the coat of arms and the elements brought together in the coat of arms for the village at that time are clearly related to the natural healing of pastor Sebastian Kneipp. In addition to the location of the village on the Wörthbach , the silver wave bar refers to the most important health therapy according to Kneipp, the more than 100 different water applications. The green linden branch in the head of the shield expresses the health- promoting phytotherapy , treatment with herbal medicines, and the natural diet and lifestyle. In addition, the linden branch can be seen as an indication of the local location of the place in a wooded area. The field colors white and blue are related to the national colors. What is remarkable about the coat of arms is that the wish expressed by the municipal council for the award of the coat of arms to include the watering can in the coat of arms, which was previously mostly used for water treatment, was not met.

flag

The flag is striped white and blue with the city coat of arms.

Town twinning

Bad Wörishofen maintains two international connections:

Culture, religion and sights

The urban spa park contains one of the largest rose arias in Germany with over 8000 rose bushes and more than 530 varieties. There are numerous buildings in the city that play an important role in Pastor Kneipp's history, such as his first Sebastianeum Kurhaus, originally founded in 1889 to accommodate clergymen seeking help , built in 1890–1891. His office can still be viewed there today, as it was back then. With the Bad Wörishofen thermal bath, Bad Wörishofen is the eastern end of the Swabian Baths Road .

  • Attractions

  • Main road

  • Entrance to the Kurhaus in Bad Wörishofen

  • In the spa gardens

  • Kneipp fountain on the monument square

  • Water treading basin on Kneippstrasse

Museums

The Kneipp Museum was set up in the Dominican convent, where Sebastian Kneipp worked as a confessor from 1855 until his death in 1897. Other museums in the city are the Allgäu Fish Museum, the Aviation Museum , the Carriage Museum, the Puppet Museum and the Süddeutsche Fotomuseum.

religion

Churches

Part of the sacred culture is the Dominican convent , built 1719–1721, with stucco work and frescoes by Dominikus Zimmermann and Johann Baptist Zimmermann , as well as the parish church of Saint Justina , built between 1519–1520. Sebastian Kneipp was pictured here in 1936 by Johann Michael Schmitt in a ceiling fresco. The Protestant Church of the Redeemer with glass windows by Helmut Ammann was built in 1968.

The pilgrimage church of St. Rasso in the Untergammenried district is well worth seeing. Another destination for pilgrimages is the Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary in Dorschhausen. In Stockheim is the baroque church of St. Michael with a ceiling fresco by Johann Josef Anton Huber . The church of St. Martin in Schlingen was renovated in the 1760s and has ceiling paintings by Franz Anton Zeiler . The church of St. Christophorus in Frankenhofen goes back to a late medieval chapel and was expanded to its present form in the late 17th century. There are also other churches and chapels in the municipality.

The Catholic parish church of St. Ulrich is located in the Wörishofener Gartenstadt, Kirchenstrasse 1. It was inaugurated on October 28, 1967 by the Augsburg Bishop Josef Stimpfle . Relics of the early Christian martyrs - the virgin Christina and the holy bishop Ulrich were walled into the altar. What is striking about the sacred building is the free-standing, pointed, triangular bell tower. The three-sided church clock is located in the upper third of the building. The striking tower developed into one of the landmarks of Bad Wörishofen.

  • Churches in Bad Wörishofen

  • Parish Church of St. Ulrich ⊙

  • Wörishofen Monastery

  • Parish Church of Saint Justina

  • Nave and choir of St. Justina

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 60.1% were Roman Catholic , 14.7% of the population were Protestant and 25.2% were non-denominational or belonged to another religious community. At the end of 2019, 8,625 (49.8%) of the 17,314 inhabitants were Roman Catholic, 12.0% Protestant and 38.2% were non-denominational or belonged to another religious community.

Sports facilities

The climatically favorable location at 620 to 700 m above sea level and the northern edge of the hilly Allgäu created ideal conditions for Bad Wörishofen for leisure and sports activities. In addition, the place has an unusually open and casual character for a spa: the spa garden, promenade, spa park and well-kept traffic-calmed areas seamlessly merge into a landscape where meadows and high forests alternate. Most of the visitors enjoy walking and especially cycling. Bad Wörishofen also offers a wide range of other sports: an outdoor pool, 22 tennis courts, the thermal bath, an indoor ice rink, two 18-hole golf courses, several professionally usable soccer fields and numerous public sports facilities, from basketball to curling . In and near the city there is the Bad Wörishofen glider airfield and the Bad Wörishofen-Nord airfield for motorized pilots. There is a model airfield with an asphalt runway in the Frankenhofen district. The Allgäu Skyline Park amusement park near Kirchdorf should be mentioned as a destination in the area . The Bad Wörishofen chess festival has been held every spring since 1985 , an international chess tournament in the theater of the Kurhaus.

Architectural monuments

schools

Pastor Kneipp elementary and middle school

The city has several schools, such as the Pfarrer Kneipp elementary and middle school (with secondary school leaving certificate 7 and 8 and open all-day school), the Bad Wörishofen business school and the “ Irmgard Seefried Singing and Music School”. The Bad Wörishofen technical college comprises two branches, one for economics / administration / law and a second for social issues. The Bad Wörishofen Hotel Management School is responsible for training the next generation of hotel staff . The Sebastian Kneipp School is also located in the village - this is where the professional training of masseuse and medical pool attendant or physiotherapist is possible - and the state vocational school.

Memorials

A mass grave is located on a Jewish grave field within the municipal cemetery , in which 34 concentration camp prisoners are buried, who died in the spring of 1945 after their imprisonment in the subcamp Türkheim in the hospital of Wörishofen. A memorial stone commemorates this event.

Transport links

Bad Wörishofen train station

Bad Wörishofen has the following connections to local and long-distance transport:

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with Bad Wörishofen

  • Hermann Aust (* 1853; † 1943), sponsor of Sebastian Kneipp and the expansion of Bad Wörishofen into a spa town
  • Viktor Frankl (* 1905; † 1997), founder of logotherapy and existential analysis , worked in Bad Wörishofen in 1945 as a doctor at the Hospital for Displaced Persons
  • Justus Frantz , (* 1944), musician and conductor, from 1995 to 2009 musical sponsor of the Festival of Nations in Bad Wörishofen
  • Sebastian Kneipp (* 1821; † 1897), pastor and hydrotherapist ( Kneipp cure )
  • Ethel Smyth (* 1858; † 1944), important English composer, lived for some time in Munich, cure 1889
  • Irmgard Seefried (* 1919; † 1988), soprano, lived in Bad Wörishofen from 1923 to 1940 and was awarded the gold medal of the city of Bad Wörishofen
  • Gudrun Kalmbach (* 1937), mathematician and former professor at Ulm University, has lived in Bad Wörishofen since 2002
  • Franz "Bulle" Roth (* 1946), soccer player (FC Bayern Munich, national team)
  • Bernhard Uehleke (* 1956), doctor, founded and headed Sebastian Kneipp Research in Bad Wörishofen from 1989
  • Ulla Salzgeber (* 1958), dressage rider, lived in Bad Wörishofen until March 2011

literature

Bad Wörishofen from above
  • Holger Schulten, Rüdiger Marquardt: Bad Wörishofen, history of the old mill in Kirchdorf. WAF Institute of the Private Business Academy Feldafing, Feldafing 2002, ISBN 3-9808449-1-9 .
  • Landkreis Unterallgäu by Aegidius Kolb (editor), Volumes 1 and 2, 1987, ISBN 978-3-9800649-2-7
  • Josef Wolf, Ludwig Burghardt: A farming village becomes a world bath. Sebastian Kneipp and his Wörishofen. Erwin Geyer Publishing House, Bad Wörishofen 1965.

Web links

Commons : Bad Wörishofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Bad Wörishofen  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Mayor. Congregation, accessed May 25, 2020 .
  3. ^ Community Bad Wörishofen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on August 17, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 .
  5. ↑ Landkreis Unterallgäu, Mindelheim 1987, Volume 1
  6. ↑ The water as a magic formula (= Our cities. No. 11). In: Augsburger Allgemeine , April 15, 2006.
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 782 .
  8. ↑ Second votes, according to the source www.wahlen.bayern.de, accessed on March 4, 2018
  9. ^ City of Bad Wörishofen: result of the city council election on March 16, 2014 , accessed on April 16, 2014
  10. ^ City of Bad Wörishofen: result of the city council election March 2, 2008
  11. ^ City of Bad Wörishofen: result of the city council election March 3, 2002 , accessed on April 16, 2014
  12. ↑ Bernhard Uehleke : Workshop "History of Naturopathic Treatment" on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Kneipp Medical Association on 22./23. October 1994 in Bad Wörishofen. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 558-562; here: p. 562.
  13. ↑ Eckart Roloff , Karin Henke-Wendt: Visiting Pastor Kneipp, the water doctor. (The Kneipp Museum Bad Wörishofen). In: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 2. Southern Germany. Verlag S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, ISBN 978-3-7776-2511-9 , pp. 93-95.
  14. ^ Bad Wörishofen: Museums & Collections
  15. ↑ Copy of the inauguration document in the entrance area of ​​the Church of St. Ulrich
  16. ↑ Hans Högl, Peter Ruf: Bad Wörishofen - Fascinating impressions from the pub town. Printer and publishing house Hans Högl, 2014, pp. 68/69.
  17. ↑ Bad Wörishofen Religion -in%, 2011 census
  18. ↑ Bad Wörishofen population statistics accessed on February 13, 2020
  19. ↑ Own notation: Pastor-Kneipp-Grund-und Mittelschule
  20. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Volume 1: Ulrike Puvogel, Martin Stankowski : Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Federal Agency for Political Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 118.
  21. ↑ see also Constanze Werner: Concentration camp cemeteries and memorials in Bavaria. Schnell and Steiner: Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-2483-1 , pp. 236-237.
  22. ↑ Homepage mediabiz: Music Week . Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  23. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine: A look behind the scenes. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  24. ↑ Bernhard Uehleke : Bad Wörishofen and Sebastian Kneipp 100 years ago. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 14, 1996, pp. 441-447.