Bouxwiller (Bas-Rhin)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bouxwiller
Bouxwiller coat of arms
Bouxwiller (France)
Bouxwiller
region Grand Est
Department Bas-Rhin
Arrondissement Saverne
Canton Bouxwiller
Community association Hanau-La Petite Pierre
Coordinates 48 ° 50 ′  N , 7 ° 29 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′  N , 7 ° 29 ′  E
height 177-322 m
surface 25.59 km 2
Residents 3,963 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 155 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 67330
INSEE code 67061
Website www.commune-bouxwiller.fr

Bouxwiller
The former synagogue now houses the Musée judéo-alsacien
Rue du Canal with its half-timbered houses
The coat of arms fountain with eagle and lion

Bouxwiller ( German  Buchsweiler ) is a French commune with 3963 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ).

history

coat of arms

Description of coat of arms : Split into blue and red; in front a golden eagle looking to the left and behind a silver lion .

prehistory

In the vicinity of Bouxwiller there are evidence of settlement remains from Roman times ; In the 18th century the remains of a Roman bath were found.

middle Ages

The oldest surviving documentary mention of Buchsweiler can be found in a deed of donation from 724, when goods in Puxuwilare were donated to the Weißenburg monastery .

Buchsweiler was the "capital" of the Buchsweiler office , which arose at the beginning of the 14th century as the office of the Lichtenberg rule . Buchsweiler received city ​​rights , namely that of Hagenau , from the Roman-German King Rudolf I before 1291 . Next to Lichtenberg Castle, it was the center of the rule. Around 1330 there was a first, in 1335 a second division of the country between the three lines of the House of Lichtenberg . Buchsweiler fell to Johann II von Lichtenberg , half from the older line of the house and Ludwig III. von Lichtenberg , who founded the younger line of the house.

Anna von Lichtenberg (* 1442; † 1474), daughter of Ludwig V. von Lichtenberg (* 1417; † 1474), and one of two heirs with claims to the rule, married Count Philip I the Elder of Hanau-Babenhausen in 1458 (* 1417; † 1480). He had received a small secondary school from the holdings of the County of Hanau in order to be able to marry her. The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg came into being through the marriage . After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Jakob von Lichtenberg , an uncle of Anna, Philipp I. d. Ä. 1480 half of the Lichtenberg rule. The other half went to his brother-in-law, Simon IV. Wecker von Zweibrücken-Bitsch . The Buchsweiler office - and with it Buchsweiler - belonged to the part of Hanau-Lichtenberg that Anna's descendants inherited.

Modern times

In 1528 a hospital was built in the city. Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590) led the Reformation consistently throughout the county after he took office in 1538 , and in 1545 in Buchsweiler. The place was now - like the entire county - Lutheran . In 1612 the Latin school was established.

With France's reunification policy under King Louis XIV , the Buchsweiler office came under French sovereignty. After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. In 1736, Hanau-Lichtenberg - and with it the Buchsweiler office - fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte , Landgrave Ludwig (IX) of Hesse-Darmstadt . With the upheaval started by the French Revolution , Buchsweiler became French. As a result of the revolution, numerous buildings were destroyed, the medieval residential palace in 1808.

Bouxwiller is one of the most picturesque places in Alsace due to the large number of its half-timbered buildings still preserved today , some of them dating from the 17th century . The chancellery of the castle, built by Count Friedrich Casimir von Hanau-Lichtenberg from 1659 to 1663 by the counts foreman Hans Weibel, now serves as the town hall. Mining was practiced in the neighborhood from the 19th century to the mid-20th century, which brought the city a modest prosperity.

Incorporations

On March 1, 1973 Bouxwiller merged with the communities of Imbsheim, Griesbach-le-Bastberg and Riedheim . Imbsheim has the character of a round village , although rounds are not common in Alsace. The Rue de Fossé is a county road that serves as the entrance. The department road D6 runs through the village center .

The villages of Riedheim and Griesbach, which like Imbsheim are in the south of the municipality, also merged with Bouxwiller on the same date.

Population development

year 1798 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2011 2017
Residents 3000 3665 3717 3706 3655 3693 3683 4009 3994 3963

Attractions

Community partnerships

Note in Babenhausen on the twin town

Bouxwiller has a partnership with Babenhausen in Hessen; a street in Bouxwiller and a road sign in Babenhausen remind of this.

Personalities

literature

  • Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
  • Alfred Matt: Bailliages, prévôté et fiefs ayant fait partie de la Seigneurie de Lichtenberg, du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg, du Landgraviat de Hesse-Darmstadt . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 7-9.
  • Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 179-193.

Web links

Commons : Bouxwiller  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eyer, pp. 160, 228f.
  2. ↑ Eyer, p. 78f.
  3. ^ Gerhard Bott : Palaces and public buildings in the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg in the 17th and 18th centuries. In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 : New Magazine for Hanau History 2015, p. 35ff. (here especially p. 40f.).
  4. ^ Matt, p. 7.
  5. ↑ See: Kathrin Ellwardt: Lutherans between France and the Reich: Church buildings in the Alsatian offices of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg under Johann Reinhard III. and Louis IX. In: New Magazine for Hanau History 2016, pp. 18–59 (26–33)
  6. ↑ Kathrin Ellwardt: Church building between evangelical ideals and absolutist rule. The cross churches in the Hessian area from the Reformation century to the Seven Years War . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2004, ISBN 3-937251-34-0
  7. ↑ Audio sample on YouTube