Achern
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Coordinates: 48 ° 38 ' N , 8 ° 4' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Freiburg | |
| County : | Ortenau district | |
| Height : | 145 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 65.24 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 25,630 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 393 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 77855 | |
| Primaries : | 07841, 07843 | |
| License plate : | OG, BH , KEL, LR, WOL | |
| Community key : | 08 3 17 001 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ACH | |
| City structure: | Core city and 8 districts | |
City administration address : |
Rathausplatz 1 77855 Achern |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Klaus Muttach ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Achern in the Ortenau district | ||
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Achern [ ˈaxɐn̩ ] is a city in the west of Baden-Württemberg , about 18 kilometers southwest of Baden-Baden and 19 kilometers northeast of Offenburg . It forms a middle center for the surrounding communities and is the fourth largest city in the Ortenau district after the district town of Offenburg and the cities of Lahr / Black Forest and Kehl . Achern has been a major district town since January 1st, 1974 . The city of Achern has entered into an agreed administrative partnership with the communities of Lauf , Sasbach and Sasbachwalden .
geography
Geographical location
Achern lies at the foot of the northern Black Forest with the Hornisgrinde at the entrance of the Achertal and on the eastern edge of the Upper Rhine Plain . The Acher flows to the southeast from the Black Forest Coming into the city area, then flows through the northwest the district Oberachern then, the core city with the Old Town on the right bank. It flows between the districts of Fautenbach and Großweier as well as south of the Gamshurst district and leaves the urban area in the northwest towards the Rhine . The river gave the city its name.
In the urban area there are some quarry ponds , in which gravel and sand are still partially extracted. The largest is the Achernsee directly at the Achern motorway junction of the A 5 in the west of the urban area.
City structure
The urban area of Achern is divided into the core town and the districts of Fautenbach , Gamshurst , Großweier , Mösbach , Oberachern , Önsbach , Sasbachried and Wagshurst, which were incorporated as part of the municipal reform of the 1970s .
The districts with the exception of Oberachern are also towns within the meaning of Baden-Wuerttemberg Municipal Code, that is, there is one of the voters in each municipal election to be elected Ortschaftsrat with a mayor as chairman. Some districts have additional residential areas with their own names, which usually have very few residents, or they are residential areas whose boundaries are not clearly defined. The former include, for example, Litzloch, Michelbuch and Ziegelhütte near Gamshurst, Malghurst in Sasbachried, Lindenhof in Fautenbach, Schollenhof in Wagshurst and Illenbach and Spinnerhöfe near Oberachern.
In the Großweier district were the abandoned towns of Edechsenloch, Fronrod, Hohenhurst, Nesselloch, Oberweier and Unterweier. The town of Oberönsbach, which had risen up in Önsbach, was located in the Önsbach district. In the district of Sasbachried was the risen village of Ottenweier and in the district of Wagshurst was the abandoned villages of Bromhurst and Ziegelhof. As an exclave, Sasbachried is separated from the rest of the city of Achern by the Sasbach area; In addition, two small parcels of land near the Hornisgrinde belong to Achern as exclaves.
Neighboring communities
The following cities and communities border the city of Achern (starting in the north in a clockwise direction ): Lichtenau and Ottersweier (both districts of Rastatt ) and Sasbach , Lauf , Sasbachwalden , Kappelrodeck , Renchen and Rheinau (all of Ortenau districts).
Spatial planning
Achern forms a middle center within the southern Upper Rhine region in the area of the regional center Offenburg. In addition to the town of Achern, the central area Achern also includes the towns and communities of Kappelrodeck , Lauf, Ottenhöfen , Renchen , Sasbach, Sasbachwalden and Seebach in the Ortenau district.
history
Until the 19th century
Achern was first mentioned around 1095 as "Acchara". As with many other places, the history certainly goes back further than the first documents show. This is indicated by excavations that suggest a Roman estate. In the 11th and 12th centuries, Achern belonged to the County of Ortenau. Later a distinction was made between Oberachern and Niederachern. Niederachern was later only referred to as Achern. In the High Middle Ages the place came to the empire through the Staufenbergs and Zähringers and was subordinated to the Ortenau bailiff. With her Achern came to Baden in 1334 , then in 1351 to the bishopric of Strasbourg and from 1405 partly to the Electoral Palatinate , in 1504 to Fürstenberg . Since 1551 the place belonged to the front of Austria and was part of the Reichslandvogtei Ortenau. The place burned down completely in 1495 and 1637 and was then unpopulated for a few years.
In 1805 Achern fell to the later Grand Duchy of Baden and became the seat of an office. In 1808 it was granted city rights . The city gained a certain importance in the Baden Revolution of 1848.
20th century
In 1924 the Achern district was dissolved and its area was assigned to the Bühl district, from which the Bühl district emerged in 1939 .
In 1940, the sanatorium was Illenau during the euthanasia program of the Nazis ( T4 ) dissolved. A "Reichsschule für Volksdeutsche" (Reich School for Volksdeutsche) was set up in their rooms, a boarding school that taught between 1940 and 1944 about 250 to 300 female students from South Tyrol whose parents had opted for Germany . A corresponding school for boys was located in Rouffach in the Rufach sanatorium . In 1942, around 60 stolen children from Poland were "Germanized" in the SS home school , which was founded at Heinrich Himmler's behest . The children were physically and mentally abused. Four children were deported from Illenau to the Litzmannstadt youth detention camp in Poland , a notorious children's concentration camp in Lodz. Between 1943 and 1944 the Illenau was also a " National Political Educational Institution ".
On January 7, 1945, 31 bombers were deployed on the Achern target . They dropped 115.3 tons of bombs. About 350 high-explosive bombs and more than 3,000 incendiary bombs fell in just 20 minutes. In a few minutes, large parts of the city were on fire. 108 buildings with 160 apartments were totally destroyed. 69 houses with 79 apartments were badly damaged. 315 buildings with 568 apartments were slightly damaged. Only 164 buildings out of a total of 656 suffered slight damage or remained completely undamaged, that was exactly a quarter. Or the other way around: The attack on January 7, 1945 hit three quarters of the city. Worse than the loss of houses was the loss of people. The names of 67 dead are recorded in the records of the registry office in Achern. An "official report" which can no longer be found (or has not yet been found) said: "On January 7, Achern was covered with a carpet of bombs and the southern and central parts of the city were turned into a heap of rubble. 75 people died among them «.
After the Second World War , the district of Bühl belonged to the state of Baden and from 1952 to the administrative district of South Baden of the state of Baden-Württemberg. During the district reform on January 1, 1973, the district of Bühl was dissolved. The southern area and with it the city of Achern was assigned to the newly formed Ortenaukreis .
The population of the city of Achern exceeded the 20,000 mark as part of the regional reform of the 1970s. As a result, the city administration applied for a major district town , which the state government of Baden-Württemberg decided with effect from January 1, 1974.
The districts also have a long history. They all came to Baden in 1805 and mostly belonged to the Achern district. When the district of Achern was dissolved in 1924, all communities came to the Bühl district office and in 1939 to the Bühl district, only Wagshurst came to the Kehl district .
On May 28, 1980, the Achern district hospital was the scene of the largest fire disaster in Germany to date. During the major fire, the entire hospital had to be evacuated under dramatic circumstances. While 190 people were rescued by the fire brigade, 11 people were killed in the fire (six people died of smoke inhalation at the scene of the accident, two more during the transport and three succumbed to the consequences of smoke inhalation a few days later.)
After the fire, the hospital was completely closed and the patients were transferred to surrounding clinics. After a few weeks, a provisional clinic was resumed in an undamaged old building and other external buildings. The fire sparked a debate about fire safety regulations in clinics.
The fire led to fire protection regulations and their implementation in clinics across Germany being checked and controlled. As a result, the state of Baden-Württemberg and the hospital authorities invested more than 100 million Deutschmarks in improving fire protection in clinics. The improved regulations were taken into account during the reconstruction of the hospital, which began operations four years later on May 2, 1984.
On December 31, 1993 the Margrave Ludwig Wilhelm von Baden barracks was dissolved.
Incorporations
The following municipalities and districts were incorporated into the city of Achern:
- January 1st, 1971: Oberachern
- January 1, 1973: Fautenbach, Gamshurst, Großweier, Mösbach, Önsbach, Sasbachried and Wagshurst
Population development
Population figures according to the respective area. The numbers are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office .
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Religions
The Achern community initially belonged to the diocese of Strasbourg . As a result of the affiliation to the Upper Austria, the Reformation could not gain a foothold. Therefore, Achern and the surrounding area remained almost exclusively Catholic for centuries. In 1803 the places became part of the Diocese of Constance before they became part of the newly founded Archdiocese of Freiburg in 1821/27 . The parishes then belonged to the Ottersweier deanery and in 1929 Achern became the seat of a deanery (today Acher-Renchtal deanery ), whose seat is the Catholic town church. There are other Catholic parishes, whose churches were raised to parishes very early on, in almost all parts of the city. Only Mösbach became its own parish in 1865 and Sasbachried belongs to the neighboring community of Sasbach. All parishes belong to the deanery Acher-Renchtal within the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
Protestants also moved to Achern at the beginning of the 19th century. The first Protestant service was held in the Illenau sanatorium in 1842 . In 1892 the Protestant community of Achern was founded, which was able to build its own church, the Christ Church, in 1908/09. The community also includes the Protestants from the Achern districts of Oberachern, Fautenbach, Gamshurst, Großweier and Sasbachried as well as the neighboring towns of Sasbach, Obersasbach and Lauf. The districts of Önsbach, Mösbach and Wagshurst, however, belong to the parish of Renchen . Initially, the Protestant parish of Achern belonged to the Rheinbischofsheim church district, later to Baden-Baden and Rastatt. The Achern parish belongs to the Kehl church district of the Evangelical Church in Baden . With the Seventh-day Adventists , the Joshua Christian Congregation, the Christian Congregation Sasbachried and the Christian Center Achern e. V. some free churches are represented in Achern .
There are three mosques: The Yunus Emre Mosque belongs to the DİTİB umbrella organization , the Selimiye Mosque is run by the IGMG umbrella organization and another mosque is run by an Islamic association that does not belong to any umbrella organization.
The Jehovah's Witnesses and the New Apostolic Church form numerically smaller religious groups in Achern.
politics
Municipal council
The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to a voter turnout of 58.0% (2014: 50.44%), which is shown in the adjacent diagrams:
mayor
At the head of the municipality of Achern were the Heimburge (later mayor) and the Bauernzwölfer . In Baden's time, the mayor and the local council ran the city administration. Since it was raised to the status of a major district town in 1974, the mayor has been named mayor . He is directly elected for a term of eight years. He is chairman of the municipal council. His general deputy is the first alderman with the official title of mayor .
- Mayor and Lord Mayor
- 1905–1933: Wilhelm Schechter
- 1933–1945: Richard Kraemer
- 1945–1955: Wendelin Morgenthaler ( CDU )
- 1955–1963: Richard Kraemer
- 1963–1991: Winfried Rosenfelder
- 1991-2007: Reinhart Köstlin ( SPD )
- since 2007: Klaus Muttach ( CDU )
Klaus Muttach was elected Lord Mayor in the second ballot in October 2007 and was confirmed in office in September 2015.
badges and flags
The coat of arms of the city of Achern shows in a split shield in front in gold a half, red armored black eagle at the crack, in the back a silver bar in red. The city flag has the colors red-white-red.
The eagle appears in the seals of the court in Achern from 1415. It is the symbol of the Reichslandvogtei, to which Achern belonged. After this fell to Austria, the white bar was added to the seal. The seal served as a template for the later coat of arms, which is still used today.
Town twinning
Achern maintains since 1987 with the French city of Morez in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté a city partnership .
Culture and sights
Theaters and museums
The vhs Stat (t) theater, which also included a “theater kids” ensemble, was steeped in tradition. However, in 2012 the theater was sold and demolished. A long era came to an end. Achern still has a private theater, the Illenau-Theater Achern e. V.
The Scythe-Handwerk-Stadtmuseum Achern shows the original furnishings of a scythe factory . It shows the history of cutting tools from the Bronze Age to the present day. During the tour, the museum visitor can see how a resiliently swinging scythe is made from a small piece of steel in 30 steps. At the same time he gets an insight into the history of technology. The manufacturing process shown here can be viewed as a prime example of early industrial manufacturing and working conditions. The history of the city of Achern is also presented.
Buildings
- The St. Nicholas Chapel, also known as the “Klauskirchl”, is the town's landmark . It was built around 1300 and has a round corner tower.
- The main church in the city is the Catholic Church, which was built in the Weinbrenner style by Wilhelm Vierordt in 1824/1825 . Its predecessor was a Marienkapelle, which was elevated to a chaplaincy in 1489 and a parish in 1535. The tower (except for the roof) and typical Gothic details were preserved from it, which is why there has been a considerable interplay of medieval Gothic and modern classicism on the front of the church .
- The former grand ducal sanatorium and nursing home Illenau is well worth seeing . It was built in 1842.
- The town hall in the city center was built from 1961 to 1963 according to plans by Hans-Dieter Hecker, Günther Hornschuh and Lothar Kiechle (Freiburg) as the result of a competition. The building has been a listed building since 2003. In 2015, the two upper floors were redesigned into the city library by the Building Construction Department of the City of Achern under the direction of Carmen Weber.
- The Baden-Württemberg State Fire Brigade Memorial , built in 1936, stands on the Hohbühl .
- There are the following churches in the districts:
- Catholic Church of the Blessed Bernhard von Baden in Fautenbach (built 1955/56)
- Catholic Church of St. Nikolaus Gamshurst (first mentioned in the 14th century, rebuilt after a fire from 1927 and expanded in neo-baroque style)
- Catholic Church Großweier (built from 1901 in neo-Gothic style)
- Catholic Church of St. Roman Mösbach (built in 1862, neo-Gothic)
- Catholic Church of St. Stefan Oberachern (built in 1903/05 in neo-Romanesque style, including the late Gothic choir tower with a baroque tower)
- Pilgrimage chapel St. Antonius Oberachern (built 1763/64)
- Catholic Church of St. Joseph (built in 1808, there was a Joseph chapel as early as 1686)
- Catholic Church of St. John the Baptist (built in 1899 in neo-Romanesque style, but a chapel is attested to after the Thirty Years War ).
music
Achern is the seat of the Ortenau Singing Academy. It was brought into being nationwide, interdenominationally as an open sounding body and as a non-profit cultural organization for the region. It has set itself the goal of developing and implementing choral symphonic works and choral chamber music in changing line-ups. This design makes it possible to make choral singing, with and for people at a high level - be it through your own participation or by experiencing at attractive concert venues in Ortenau, Baden, Alsace and in the Strasbourg-Ortenau Eurodistrict. The Singakademie Ortenau has had a close friendship with the Collegium Vocale Strasbourg-Ortenau in Strasbourg since 2017. With joint projects under the roof: Vox Rheni - voice of the Rhine and culture in the heart of Europe, they enrich the cultural scene in the European district of Strasbourg-Ortenau.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
The largest companies based in Achern include the Fischer Group (stainless steel pipes, pipe technology, etc.) in Achern-Fautenbach and Kasto Maschinenbau (sawing and storage of long metal goods and sheet metal) in Achern-Gamshurst.
media
In Achern, a local edition of the Karlsruhe-based Badische Neuesten Nachrichten (BNN) appears as a daily newspaper under the name Acher and Bühler Bote and a local edition of the Offenburger Tageblatt (Mittelbadische Presse) under the name Acher-Rench-Zeitung .
Public facilities
Achern is the seat of a local court , which belongs to the regional court district of Baden-Baden, and a notary's office . The Ortenaukreis maintains a basic care hospital in Achern, the Ortenau Klinikum Achern. The city is also the seat of the deanery Acher-Renchtal of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .
education
Achern has a grammar school ( Gymnasium Achern ), a secondary school (Robert-Schuman-Realschule), a special school (Achertalschule), four primary and secondary schools , one of them with a Werkrealschule (Antoniusschule Oberachern, primary and secondary school Önsbach, Vinzenz-Wachter-Schule) in Fautenbach and the primary and secondary school with Werkrealschule Achern) and five primary schools in the districts of Gamshurst, Großweier, Mösbach, Sasbachried and Wagshurst.
The Ortenaukreis is responsible for the vocational schools in Achern, the Maiwald school in Wagshurst for the speech-impaired and the nursing school at the Ortenau Clinic in Achern. There is also the Achern-Oberkirch Music and Art School.
traffic
Achern is well connected to the trunk road network via the Achern junction on the federal autobahn 5 Karlsruhe – Basel and the B 3 , which runs through the urban area. In the course of the expansion and new construction of the Karlsruhe – Basel line , Achern received a new station on the straightened new line; the old station is where the Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft's tram line S7 / S71 (formerly S4) ends . The Rhine Valley Railway (Karlsruhe – Basel) also stops in Achern. In front of the old buildings on the railway line is the starting point of the Achertal Railway to Ottenhöfen. The public transport service multiple bus lines.
Personalities
Sons of the city
- Joseph Ignatz Peter (1789–1872), politician and revolutionary
- Max Weber (1824–1901), officer in the Baden Army , revolutionary and general of the northern states in the Civil War
- Wilhelm Joseph Peter (1832–1918), master brewer and artist. Emigrated to America in 1850.
- Emil Armbruster (1843–1908), member of the Baden state parliament
- Hugo Stadtmüller (1845–1906), born in Gamshurst, classical philologist
- Alfred Kast (1856–1903), internist, professor at the University of Breslau
- Karl Kommerell (1871–1962), mathematician
- Friedrich Graf (1880–1954), politician and member of the state parliament ( center , CDU )
- Julius Koch (1882–1952), painter and graphic artist
- Wendelin Morgenthaler (1888–1963), born in Fautenbach, educator, politician (center, CDU) and Member of the Bundestag
- Heinrich Burkard (1888–1950), musician
- Julius Hirsch (1892–1943), football player; murdered as a Jew in the Auschwitz concentration camp
- Hermann Kessler (1893–1968), born in Oberachern, politician (FDP), member of the state parliament
- Hugo Linhard (1896–1950), General Secretary of the National Socialist Association of German Writers
- Johannes Künzel (1899 – unknown), born in Oberachern, politician (NSDAP), member of the Reichstag
- Karl Braun (1902–1937), motorcycle racing driver
- Karl Kindermann (1903–1983), classical philologist
- Franz Ruschmann (1910–1942), resistance fighter against National Socialism
- Felix Hodapp (1926–2019), politician (CDU) and Member of the State Parliament
- Clemens Börsig (* 1948), manager
- Helmut Merkel (* 1949), manager
- Adolf Scheck (* 1951), Manager (2010–2016), Chairman of the Supervisory Board of EDEKA AG, Hamburg
- Odfried Hepp (* 1958), former neo-Nazi
- Andreas Lichtenberger (* 1970), actor and musical performer
- Dirk Panter (* 1974), politician (SPD)
- Tobias Peterka (* 1982), politician (AfD)
- Hendrik Feist (* 1983), basketball player
- Christoph Moschberger (* 1985), trumpeter, arranger
- Christopher Hatz (* 1991), racing cyclist
- Florent Muslija (* 1998), football player
Daughters of the city
- Martha Guttenberger (1921–2009), Sintiza surviving Auschwitz , was sent to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp via Mosbach by the criminal police and local police officers with her three-year-old son "Josefle" and her parents' family from Dallau, where they were transferred and handed over to the local SS . Further stations were the Ravensbrück , Schlieben and Altenburg concentration camps . After the liberation, the survivor ran with two comrades to Ummenwinkel / Ravensburg and lived there for decades in a barrack apartment of the former Nazi forced camp Ummenwinkel .
- Rosel Heim (1902–1992), beautician and entrepreneur
- Veronika Netzhammer (* 1952), politician (CDU)
- Louisa Frank (* 1996), soccer player
Other personalities
- Karl Hergt (1807–1889), head of the Illenau sanatorium; Honorary citizen.
- Karl Wilhelm Doll (1827–1905), theologian and from 1877 to 1895 prelate of the Protestant regional church in Baden, died in Achern.
- Heinrich Hansjakob (1837–1916), folk writer. Hans Jacob was several times for mental illness in the mental hospital Illenau .
- Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956), playwright and poet of the 20th century. In his youth, Bertolt Brecht often spent vacation days in Achern. His grandparents lived here. His father, Berthold Friedrich Brecht, was born in Achern in 1869.
- Hugo Huber (1919–2014), holder of the citizen medal of the city of Achern, savior and keeper of the Illenau forest cemetery, which has been a listed building since 1971 thanks to Huber's initiative.
- Walter Gerteis (1921–1999), sculptor, lived and worked in Oberachern from 1989, was site commander of the Achern barracks and is buried in the Oberachern forest cemetery
- Walter Scholz (* 1938), trumpeter who lives here with his family and, in addition to his work as a musician, has made a name for himself above all for his commitment to charitable causes.
- Olaf Fütterer (* 1963), conductor, choir director, organist and music teacher, founder and director of the Singakademie Ortenau e. V. and managing director of the German French cultural association Vox Rheni eV who lives here with his family.
literature
- Badisches Städtebuch ; Volume IV 2nd part of the German city book. Handbook of urban history - on behalf of the working group of historical commissions and with the support of the German Association of Cities, the German Association of Cities and the German Association of Municipalities, ed. by Erich Keyser, Stuttgart 1959.
- H.Kuna, E. Kuna: Historical city lexicon of Achern . Ebook-Epup, ISBN 978-3-942916-49-3 , Haff Verlag, Grambin, 2013.
- Gerhard Lötsch: A city and its history 1849–1918 . City history Volume 2, Verlag Stadt Achern.
- Gerhard Lötsch: War and Peace, Achern and the year 1945 . Publishing house city of Achern.
- Gerhard Lötsch: Achern profiles, biographies . Publishing house city of Achern.
- Hans-Martin Pillin: Achern. A city and its history until 1848 . City history Volume 1, Achern 1997.
Web links
- Official website
- Achern at LEO-BW
- Report in the Badische Neuesten Nachrichten about the listed town hall Achern and the conversion to the city library
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg region Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 294-299
- ↑ Michael Wedekind: National Socialist Occupation and Annexation Policy in Northern Italy, 1943 to 1945: the operational zones “Alpine Foreland” and “Adriatic Coastal Land” . R. Oldenbourg, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-486-56650-4 , p. 240 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed July 5, 2010]).
- ↑ On January 7, 1945 bombs fell. Retrieved December 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Women helped when bombs fell. Retrieved December 14, 2019 .
- ^ City of Achern. Our city. - City of culture. Educational city. Shopping city. | Air raids in 1945. Retrieved December 14, 2019 .
- ↑ When Achern wrote sad fire department history
- ↑ 100 years of Achern Hospital
- ↑ Soldiers and heavy transporters were part of the street scene in Achern. In: Baden's latest news. December 31, 2018, accessed on August 10, 2019 (German).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 493 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 494 .
- ↑ Population development in Baden-Württemberg from 1871 to 2013 total population and foreigners ( Memento from September 10, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Mosques in Achern
- ↑ Current! - Official news bulletin of the city of Achern, No. 23 of June 7, 2019 - Public announcement of the results of the 2019 municipal council elections in Achern , available on the city's website, accessed on August 6, 2019
- ↑ Klaus Muttach remains Lord Mayor of Achern
- ↑ Guttenberger, Magdalena; Werner, Manuel: "The children of Auschwitz sing so loud". The shaken life of the Sintiza Martha Guttenberger from Ummenwinkel , Norderstedt 2020, ISBN 978-3-7504-7043-9 , pp. 23-27, 54ff.
- ↑ Gerteis figures shape Achern
Achern | Appenweier | Bad Peterstal-Griesbach | Berghaupten | Biberach | Durbach | Ettenheim | Fischerbach | Friesenheim | Gengenbach | Gutach (Black Forest Railway) | Haslach im Kinzigtal | Hausach | Hofstetten | Hohberg | Hornberg | Kappel-Grafenhausen | Kappelrodeck | Throat | Kippenheim | Lahr / Black Forest | Run | Lautenbach | Mahlberg | Meißenheim | Mühlenbach | Neuried | Nordrach | Oberharmersbach | Oberkirch | Oberwolfach | Offenburg | Ohlsbach | Oppenau | Ortenberg | Ottenhöfen in the Black Forest | Renchen | Rheinau | Ringsheim | Rust | Sasbach | Sasbachwalden | Schuttertal | Schutterwald | Schwanau | Seebach | Seelbach | Steinach | Willstätt | Wolfach | Zell am Harmersbach
Rheinau (municipality-free area)
Achern | Fautenbach | Gamshurst | Großweier | Mösbach | Oberachern | Önsbach | Sasbachried | Wagshurst