Xivray-et-Marvoisin
| Xivray-et-Marvoisin | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Meuse | |
| Arrondissement | Commercy | |
| Canton | Saint-Mihiel | |
| Community association | Côtes de Meuse Woëvre | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 52 ' N , 5 ° 45' E | |
| height | 222-253 m | |
| surface | 14.45 km 2 | |
| Residents | 99 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 7 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 55300 | |
| INSEE code | 55586 | |
Xivray-et-Marvoisin is a French commune with 99 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Meuse department in the Grand Est region . It belongs to the Arrondissement Commercy and the municipality association Côtes de Meuse Woëvre .
geography
The municipality of Xivray-et-Marvoisin is located in the south-east of the Woëvre region , about 18 kilometers east of Saint-Mihiel in a shallow basin formed by the upper Rupt de Mad and numerous small tributaries that flow into the Rupt de Mad in a fan shape. The municipal area of 14.45 km² has a very weak relief; the 377 m high elevation Butte de Montsec, visible from afar, with the striking monument commemorating the offensives of the American army against Saint-Mihiel in the First World War, belongs to the north-west of Montsec . Part or all of the reservoirs Étang de la Grande Croix , Étang de Joujoulieu and Étang de Wargévaux belong to the municipality, which consists of the village of Xivray and the hamlet of Marvoisin . The west of the municipality is forested ( Haute Charrière et Géréchamp ), the rest of the area consists mainly of wet meadows and pastureland. Neighboring municipalities of Xivray-et-Marvoisin are Montsec in the north, Richecourt in the north-east, Seicheprey in the east, Rambucourt in the south-east, Bouconville-sur-Madt in the south-west and Loupmont in the north-west. The eastern border of the municipality is also the border with the Meurthe-et-Moselle department .
history
The municipality in its present form emerged in 1793 from the merger of the villages of Xivray and Marvoisin. The town of Xivray first appeared in a document in 1234 as a Syvreium . It is believed that the place name is derived from the Gallo-Roman personal name Severius . The name developed over Syvery (1292), Xivrey (1449), Xivreyum (1642), Sivray (1700), Xivraium (1746) and Sivray en Woëvre (1756) to the current spelling. The Gallo-Roman name Amarus-vicinus (translated place of defensive neighbors ) has been handed down as early as 1106, which developed into today's Marvoisin via Mervezin (1292), Marvisin (1571) and Marvicinum (1749) . Both places emerged from farms, whose residents partially drained the moist soil. For several centuries, however, cattle breeding dominated in both villages. At the beginning of the 18th century, Xivray and Marvoisin belonged to the diocese of Metz , until 1572 they were tribute to the Benedictine monastery of Gorze . The Cistercian monks of the Abbey of Saint-Benoît-en-Woëvre also received part of the tithe . Until the French Revolution, Xivray-et-Marvoisin was also part of the Bailiwick of Saint-Mihiel. The Seigneuries de Mandres-aux-Quatre-Tours and the Seigneuries de Margadel were among the owners of the lands in and around the municipality . In 1784 a flood destroyed the bridge over the Rupt de Mad, which is important for the route to and from Metz . The last nobles in Xivray-Marvoisin on the eve of the French Revolution were the de Bourgogne, de Margadel and de Niceville families . The residents of Xivray-Marvoisin witnessed the revolution on April 30, 1790, when they gathered in the church after mass to register as citizens, as happened everywhere in the Duchy of Bar . This registration was also the first census. At that time there were 21 soldiers, 17 workers, seven linen weavers, three wheelwright and guards each and two shoemakers in the community. There was also a customs officer, carpenter, charcoal burner, gardener, trader, carpenter, teacher and tailor.
Population development
With 99 inhabitants (January 1, 2017), Xivray-et-Marvoisin is one of the small communities in the department of Meuse. After the population was between 400 and 550 in the first half of the 19th century, the number continued to decline due to the two world wars and the decline of the textile industry. The negative trend continued after 1945 due to a lack of job opportunities and the resulting emigration and continues to this day.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2005 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Residents | 180 | 130 | 115 | 94 | 103 | 108 | 85 | 89 | 98 |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
Attractions
- Church of St. Remigius (Église Saint-Remi) from the 18th century, restored in 1900
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture has dominated the community of Xivray-Marvoisin since the end of the Middle Ages. Twelve farms are located in the community (grain cultivation, stone and pome fruit production, dairy farming, horse and cattle breeding). Commerce and small businesses are of local importance. In the 19th century, Xivray-Marvoisin was an important center for the manufacture of knitwear, especially hosiery. The last company of its kind - Bullot Cornuel - relocated the stocking production to Troyes at the beginning of the 20th century , which got its own working-class district in 1924. In 1970 the company closed its doors. Many workers are now commuters who go to work in the cities on the Meuse and Moselle.
The community is located off the major national transport routes. The main road D33 leads through Xivray-Marvoisin from Commercy to Thiaucourt-Regniéville . The closest connection to the A31 motorway is around 35 kilometers away. Another road connection is to Rambucourt . The double-track railway line from Lérouville to Metz , which touches the southeast of the municipality, only plays a subordinate role in freight traffic. The nearest train stop is on the Paris - Strasbourg line at Lorraine TGV station, 38 kilometers away .
Personalities
- Louis Joseph de Margadel (1771–1838), French politician, born in Xivray
- Jean Bouin (1888–1914), French athlete, died in Xivray
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes de la Meuse. Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-074-4 , pp. 854-855.
supporting documents
- ↑ Statistics on cassini.ehess.fr (French)
- ↑ story on xivray.jimdo.com (French)
- ↑ Statistics on ehess / cassini / fr
- ↑ Xivray-et-Marvoisin on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Xivray-et-Marvoisin on insee.fr
- ↑ Farms on annuaire-mairie.fr
- ↑ Textile industry in Xivray (French)
