Chaumont (Haute-Marne)

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Chaumont
Chaumont Coat of Arms
Chaumont (France)
Chaumont
region Grand Est
Department Haute-Marne
Arrondissement Chaumont
Canton Chaumont-1 , Chaumont-2 , Chaumont-3
Community association Chaumont, Bassin Nogentais et Bassin de Bologne Vignory Froncles
Coordinates 48 ° 7 '  N , 5 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '  N , 5 ° 8'  E
height 247-416 m
surface 55.26 km 2
Residents 21,945 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 397 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 52000
INSEE code 52121
Website www.ville-chaumont.fr

View of Chaumont

Template: Infobox municipality in France / maintenance / different coat of arms in Wikidata

Chaumont is a French town with 21,945 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haute-Marne department in the Grand Est region . It is the seat of the prefecture of the Haute-Marne department.

geography

The city is located in the Bassigny countryside , on the edge of the Langres plateau , a plateau where some of France's important rivers have their source, such as the B. the Marne , the Seine and the Aube . Chaumont itself lies on the Marne, directly at the confluence of the left tributary Suize . The Marne also feeds the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne (German "Canal between Champagne and Burgundy"), through which - using other rivers and canals - a navigable connection from the Paris area to the Mediterranean is made possible.

The community received a train station in 1857 with the Paris – Mulhouse railway line. It is served by TER Champagne-Ardenne and Intercités trains. A few kilometers to the southwest is a military base of the French army, the Quartier General d'Aboville , a former American air base .

history

The name of the city - after Emile Jolibois (local historian from the 19th century) - should be derived from the name Calvus Mons (German: "bald mountain"), which reminds of the place where the city was built in the 10th century : a steep spur that dominated the Suize and Marne valleys. As the former residence of the Counts of Champagne , the city had a strategic location very early on that radiated across the entire region.

Around 1300 Chaumont was an important border post between the Kingdom of France and the Duchy of Burgundy . After the indictment was brought against the Knights Templar in 1306, Philip the Handsome had various fugitive Knights Templar arrested at this location who wanted to flee “abroad” via Chaumont.

On March 1, 1814, Great Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia signed the Treaty of Chaumont here . With this they renewed and confirmed the alliance of the four power alliance against Napoleon in view of the foreseeable failure of the negotiations of the Congress of Châtillon .

General John J. Pershing , the Commander in Chief of the US Forces in Europe , had his headquarters here in 1917.

Until 1971 the city was named Chaumont-en-Bassigny .

Population development

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2017
Residents 21,717 25,779 27,226 27,554 27,041 25,996 24,357 21,945
Sources: Cassini and INSEE

Attractions

Viaduc de Chaumont by moonlight
Entombment in Saint-Jean-Baptiste

See also: List of Monuments historiques in Chaumont

  • Castle of the Counts of Champagne (11th / 12th centuries)
  • Saint-Jean-Baptiste Basilica of Chaumont (13th / 14th centuries)
  • the tannery
  • Jesuit chapel from the 18th century
  • Chaumont
    Viaduct The viaduct crosses the Suize Valley . It was designed by the engineer-architect Decomble, built in 15 months in 1855/56 and inaugurated in 1857. Its dimensions (650 m long, 50 arches, height 50 m) make it the most important viaduct made of natural stone in Western Europe. It was built so that the Paris – Mulhouse railway could reach the high part of the city. The viaduct has become one of the city's landmarks and has been the backdrop for several films. It can be crossed on a footpath on the first floor.

The Dolmen la Pierre qui Tourne (also called Fort Bévaux or Septfontaines) is located in the Necropole du Fort Bevaux in Andelot-Blancheville near Chaumont.

Personalities

Town twinning

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chaumont. Retrieved December 29, 2017 .

Web links

Commons : Chaumont  - collection of images, videos and audio files