Gnarrenburg

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 23 '  N , 9 ° 0'  E
Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Rotenburg (Wümme)
Height :	10 m above sea level NHN
Area :	122.91 km 2
Residents:	9187 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	75 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	27442
Primaries :	04763, 04764
License plate :	ROW, BRV
Community key :	03 3 57 016
Community structure:	12 localities
Address of the municipal administration:	Bahnhofstrasse 1 27442 Gnarrenburg
Website :	www.gnarrenburg.de
Mayor :	Axel Renken ( SPD )
Location of the community Gnarrenburg in the district of Rotenburg (Wümme)

Gnarrenburg is a municipality in the Rotenburg (Wümme) district in Lower Saxony . It is located on the Oste-Hamme Canal between Zeven , Bremervörde and Osterholz-Scharmbeck and has around 9,300 inhabitants, of which around 3,100 are in the main town of Gnarrenburg.

geography

Geographical location

Gnarrenburg is the main municipality for tourism in the Teufelsmoor . The town has a station on the mainly tourist purposes serving railway Osterholz-Scharmbeck Bremervörde , called the Moor Express . The area is crossed by the Hamme-Oste Canal, which connects the two rivers Hamme and Oste . This used to be used to deliver peat to Bremen and Hamburg .

Community structure

The community Gnarrenburg consists of the following twelve localities:

1. Augustendorf : 257 inhabitants
2. Barkhausen : 263 inhabitants
3. Brillit (with Rübehorst ) : 913 inhabitants
4. Fahrendorf (with Fahrendahl ) : 405 inhabitants
5. Findorf (with Kolheim ) : 342 inhabitants
6. Glinstedt : 592 inhabitants
7. Gnarrenburg (with Dahldorf and Geestdorf ) : 3091 inhabitants
8. Karlshöfen (with Karlshöfenermoor) : 1290 inhabitants
9. Klenkendorf : 238 inhabitants
10. Kuhstedt : 1090 inhabitants
11. Kuhstedtermoor : 242 inhabitants
12. Langenhausen (with Friedrichsdorf ) : 606 inhabitants

(Source: population figures from December 31, 2016 under the respective localities)

The core town of Gnarrenburg also includes the former district of Geestdorf, which was incorporated in 1904, and the Dahldorf bog colony, which was founded in 1782 and which was incorporated into Gnarrenburg in 1932.

Neighboring communities

Gnarrenburg borders on the communities Basdahl , Oerel , Bremervörde , Sandbostel , Selsingen , Ostereistedt , Rhade and Breddorf in the district of Rotenburg (Wümme), Worpswede , Vollersode and Holste in the district of Osterholz and Kirchwistedt in the district of Cuxhaven .

history

The name Gnarrenburg goes back to a forgotten castle that was once located in the moors at the southern end of the town . This castle was exactly on the northern tongue of the Geest between Gnarrenburg and Karlshöfen. This Geestzunge was the only crossing through the Teufelsmoor or Gnarrenburger Moor. Customs were collected there. This geest tongue was also often a highly competitive area, such as in the Thirty Years War . Even at the end of the Second World War , this geest tongue was important for the Gnarrenburg area. Here, Mayor Garms and Bürger Faktor used the famous white flag to hand over Gnarrenburg to the English occupation troops without fighting or destruction.

The castle's farm yard was the old Gnarrenburger Hof, also known as the Rüschhof. Its last residential building, the old district bailiwick, was demolished in 1937. The castle already existed around 1250, according to excavations. Towards the end of the 16th century, a legal dispute arose between Segebade Clüver zu Wellen and the von Issendorff family over the Gnarrenburg, which ended in 1605. The Gnarrenburger Hof with the site of the castle and several hundred acres of land became the property of the von Issendorff family. The castle was probably already in ruins in the 15th century and the courtyard was also desolate for more than 100 years.

In the 18th century the farm was run by the Issendorff Meier Dierck Dücker, later by Albert Schröder. In 1746 District Administrator Jürgen Melchior von Issendorff sold "the old aristocratic seat, the Gnarrenburg" with all accessories for 675 Reichstaler to the forest secretary Wilhelm von Mackphail. From this in 1752 the Hanoverian state, the "Königlich Churfürstliche Cammer", acquired the completely free court at Gnarrenburg. The royal chamber set up a bailiwick there, the Amts or Moorvogtei Gnarrenburg. The moor colonies that were formed then and later were subordinate to this bailiwick.

The Gnarrenburger Church, which was consecrated in 1790, was built on the grounds of the Gnarrenburger Hof. Gnarrenburg is also mainly located on the grounds of the old farm. Gnarrenburg began to develop in 1803. In 1848 Gnarrenburg had 18 residential buildings and 117 residents. In 1871 it had 26 residential buildings and 178 residents.

In 1846 a consortium formed in Bremervörde founded the “Marienhütte” glass factory in the Geestdorf district, named after Marie , the wife of the later King George V of Hanover . The upswing in Gnarrenburg began in 1876 with the takeover of the “Marienhütte” glass factory by the merchant, glassmaker and furnace maker Hermann Lamprecht and the purchase of the legendary drop counter in 1881 from the Bremen merchant and inventor Georg Hirdes. The drop counter became world famous and the name Gnarrenburg was known worldwide. Gnarrenburg developed into the largest location for glassware with plug holes.

A prehistoric stone grave and several tumuli lie in the state-owned Gnarrenburger "Eichholz". Further prehistoric finds were found at the Geestzunge between Gnarrenburg and Karlshöfen. These tongues were probably connected by plank paths as early as the Neolithic Age. Finds such as planks, stakes and of course the 4000 year old wagon wheel bear witness to this era. The finds are in the Bremervörde District Museum, the Bachmann Museum.

Incorporations

On March 1, 1974, the communities Augustendorf, Barkhausen, Fahrendorf, Findorf Klenkendorf, Kuhstedtermoor were incorporated. On April 8, 1974, Brillit, Glinstedt, Karlshöfen, Kuhstedt and Langenhausen were added.

politics

Municipal council

The council of the community Gnarrenburg consists of 24 councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 9,001 and 10,000. The 24 council members are elected by local elections for five years each. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The full-time mayor is also entitled to vote in the council of the municipality.

The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:

Political party	be right	Number of seats
SPD	6127	11
CDU	4838	9
Voting community of free citizens	1277	2
Single nomination for Johann Steffens	547	1
FDP	199	1

mayor

The full-time mayor of the Gnarrenburg community is Axel Renken (SPD). In the last mayoral election on May 25, 2014, he was re-elected as incumbent unopposed candidate with 77.3% of the vote. The turnout was 48.4%. Renken began his further term in office on November 1, 2014.

coat of arms

The municipal coat of arms of Gnarrenburg was designed by the Stader painter and graphic artist Synold Klein and approved by the local council on April 24, 1978. Approval by the Rotenburg (Wümme) district was granted on January 23, 1979.

Blazon : "In silver over waves a red tinned wall with a pinnacle tower , including a twelve-armed green lily reel ."

Justification of the coat of arms: The red tinned wall above the waves indicates the Gnarrenburg, which is located on the watershed, has blocked the way through the moor since 1250, and which gave the new community its name. The 12-armed lily reel symbolizes the union of the original 12 communities. The lilies are an often used element in the folk art of this landscape, the places of which are geest villages on the edge of the moor or places of moor colonization like islands in the moor. The coat of arms is derived from the coat of arms of the municipality before 1974 (see below), which is still valid for the Gnarrenburg district today.

00Blazon: “In silver, a three-tower red battlemented castle, the middle tower more powerful with an additional lower battlements; below covered with a silver wall anchor. "

flag

00Hoisted flag: "The flag has green and white stripes with the coat of arms in the middle."

Partnerships

There is a partnership with:

 Baalberge , municipality in Saxony-Anhalt

Culture and sights

Buildings

The Pauluskirche in the center of Gnarrenburg

The stone grave in Eichholz is a Neolithic megalithic complex . It originated between 3500 and 2800 BC. BC as a plant of the funnel beaker culture .

The Protestant Pauluskirche in Gnarrenburg was planned and built in 1784 by Moorkommissar Jürgen Christian Findorff and had 1000 seats. The church was inaugurated in 1790, it was planned for the bog colonists and the neighboring village of Kuhstedt. However, under pressure from the Kuhstedt population, the place received its own parish. The structure of the church, which does not follow the classic construction method, is striking. In contrast to most other churches, the tower here stands on the long side of the nave, in the middle of which the chancel with the pulpit is located and the community sits in a U-shape around the altar. The church is located on the highest elevation in Gnarrenburg. Before the church was built there, the Gnarrenburger Hof stood on the site.

The station on the Stade – Bremen line was built in 1909 by the Worpswede architect Heinrich Vogeler . Today you can find the Gnarrenburg Glass Museum in the station building.

In the district of Augustendorf, a historic moor farm can be visited.

The most important structure is the Oste-Hamme Canal , which runs through the Gnarrenburg community for 16 km from north to south. The Oste-Hamme Canal was built by Jürgen Christian Findorff from 1769 to 1790 and served to drain the Teufelsmoors and Gnarrenburger Moors, as well as to transport peat to the cities of Hamburg and Bremen. In the north, the canal begins in Spreckens on the Oste and flows into the Hamme in the south of the Gnarrenburg community . The canal flows in two directions through a lock system. The highest point of the canal is in the village of Langenhausen. After completion, the sole width was four meters and the depth three meters. Today the canal is about four meters wide, but only 1.50 meters deep. Hiking and cycling trails are right on the Oste-Hamme Canal.

Museums

There are three museums in Gnarrenburg:

• the glass museum in the station building
• the potato museum in the Brillit district
• the Museum Historischer Moorhof in the Augustendorf district with a moor educational trail

Natural monuments

View of Huvenhoopsmoor and Huvenhoopssee

The Huvenhoopsmoor nature reserve is one of the few high moors in Lower Saxony that is still intact. The Huvenhoopssee , one of the last raised bog lakes in Lower Saxony, is also located in the Huvenhoopsmoor . The nature reserve lies between the districts of Glinstedt and Augustendorf.

In order to give the visitor an insight into the original moor landscape, the importance of moors, fauna and flora, the use of peat and the future of the last moors, the Gnarrenburg community created the moors experience path in cooperation with various organizations. The approximately 700 m long path leads visitors to various stations where they can see, read or experience something. In addition to the content-based stations, there are also three action stations, namely the mud zone, in which you can experience the moor barefoot, the historical models replicated stick and plank dam and a moor ditch that you can jump over with a stick. A dragonfly pond was also created.

The area around Gnarrenburg is an important passage area for the northern European cranes in autumn . The large flocks of cranes on the meadows and harvested fields attract numerous visitors.

Regular events

The autumn market, a folk festival, takes place on a weekend in mid-October. In spring, the flower festival takes place along the Oste-Hamme Canal, to which more than ten thousand visitors come every year. Several carnival events take place in Augustendorf. Gnarrenburg is also the starting point for hikes through the moorland, the paths are signposted. The rifle festival and the annual campers' meeting are also worth mentioning.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Gnarrenburg is located between Bremen (distance approx. 45 km) and Hamburg (distance approx. 90 km) in the middle of the Elbe-Weser triangle. The infrastructure is well developed. The community can be easily reached via the federal highway 74. The municipality also has an airfield in the district of Karlshöfen , where night landings are also possible. An express bus line connects Gnarrenburg directly with Bremen city center. The next train stations are in Bremervörde (direction Bremerhaven or Hamburg) and Oldenbüttel (direction Bremen or Bremerhaven). On the weekends, a train connection with the traditional Moorexpress can be used between Bremen's main train station and Stade, which leads through wonderful landscapes (e.g. Teufelsmoor and Altes Land ). Heavy goods traffic from the Port of Hamburg to Bremerhaven also has its route through Gnarrenburg. International airports are located in Bremen and Hamburg.

Established businesses

The headquarters of the second largest European lighting manufacturer Brilliant AG is located in the municipality of Gnarrenburg .

There is also a large international peat plant (Compo) and a sand pit.

Small and medium-sized businesses are also strongly represented with retail, service and craft. The People's Bank Osterholz-Scharmbeck has offices here as well which maintains Sparkasse Rotenburg-Bremervörde based in Zeven here branches.

Peat extraction

Gnarrenburg peat plant

Empty train of the peat railway on the journey into the moor (December 2014)

The moor areas in the area of ​​the municipality, especially between the districts of Glinstedt and Augustendorf, contain soils containing peat. This has always sparked interest in the economic exploitation of the area through peat extraction.

In the state land use plan of the state government McAllister (2011-2013) the region around Gnarrenburg was designated as a "priority area" for peat extraction. In addition to the traditional humus plant , Torfwerk Sandbostel GmbH has been promoting the purchase of land in Gnarrenburger Moor since 2011 and secured the rights of use through option contracts. The Torfwerk Sandbostel GmbH is an association of companies Gramoflor in Vechta and Meiners GmbH & Co. KG from Borstel in Diepholz . The "Priority Area Gnarrenburger Moor" has a size of 1400 hectares, of which in 2013 300 hectares are or were being mined. In the northern part of the priority area, the Sandbostel peat works wants to mine peat on an area of ​​200 hectares in the communities Gnarrenburg and Sandbostel.

The rural people of Bremervörde complained about rising lease prices after the first land purchases . Citizens in Gnarrenburg founded the citizens' initiative to preserve our moors . She demands a moratorium from the district administrator in Gnarrenburg and the surrounding area to stop peat extraction. The state government Weil I (from 2013) presented an extensive moor protection concept in its government program, which prohibits peat extraction permits in Lower Saxony.

Movie and TV

The Teufelsmoor around Gnarrenburg is a popular location for numerous film and television productions. So was u. a. shot a crime scene with Maria Furtwängler in this region. Other TV productions in the Gnarrenburg community include a. The country party , country and love , the escape and my afternoon . Gnarrenburg was also the location for the ZDF children's series Löwenzahn .

Public facilities

There is a library in the village with numerous works.

Education and youth

The Gnarrenburg community has seven day-care centers (including a crèche) and four schools. The Oase youth and meeting place is located in the center of the village. It has an internet café and has various offers ready.

Day care centers

• Day care center "Kinderburg" in Gnarrenburg
• Gnarrenburg nature and forest kindergarten
• "Mäusehöhle" day nursery in Gnarrenburg
• Brillit day care center
• “Ski jump” daycare center in Karlshöfen
• Kuhstedt day care center
• “Wildfang” day-care center in Glinstedt

schools

• Elementary school Karlshöfen
• Elementary School Klenkendorfer Mühle (Brillit)
• Elementary school Kuhstedt
• Oste-Hamme-Schule Gnarrenburg, secondary school

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Wilhelm Brünings (1876–1958), ENT doctor and university professor, born in the Kuhstedt district
• Volker Gransow (1945–2015), lecturer in sociology at the Free University of Berlin, editor of the online journal “kulturation” and lecturer at the Berlin School of Economics and Law, born in the Karlshöfen district
• Werner Greth (1951–1982), soccer player, born in the Brillit district

People connected to the community

• Paul Andreas Matthaei (1662–1737), preacher in Kuhstedt (→ see under: Otto Matthaei )
• Jürgen Christian Findorff (1720–1792), bog colonizer, he measured, drained and populated the bogs between Wümme and Hamme, the Teufelsmoor northeast of Bremen, through his work for the colonists he was nicknamed "Father of all bog farmers", founded u. a. Findorf named after him
• Hermann Lamprecht (1846–1909), glassmaker and furnace maker, operated a. a. the Marienhütte Gnarrenburg
• Rudolph Feuß (1862–1945), Bremen educator and senator, died in Gnarrenburg
• Alfred Wiegmann (1886–1973), painter, lived and died in the Kuhstedt district (→ see: Low German Wikipedia - Alfred Wiegmann )
• Karl H. Peter (1918–2003), naval officer, most recently rear admiral and HR manager at SHAPE , worked for five and a half months in the Reich Labor Service in Glinstedt in Teufelsmoor
• Gottfried Greiffenhagen (1935–2013), lawyer and dramaturge, died in Gnarrenburg
• Horst Rosengart (* 1936), architect in Bremen and former university professor, created the lamp factory in the Brillanthütte in Gnarrenburg in 1975
• Harm Dieder Kirschner (* 1962), master organ builder, worked on the organ of the Kuhstedter Erlöserkirche
• Jochen Kopelke (* 1984), police officer and former state chairman of the police union in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, is active in the Findorf District

Web links

Commons : Gnarrenburg  - Collection of Images

• Internet presence of the community Gnarrenburg
• From Gnarrenburg's past days: peat and glass (information from the Stade Regional Association )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
2. ↑ The localities → population figures. In: Gnarrenburg community website. Retrieved March 19, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Gnarrenburg center. In: Gnarrenburg community website. Retrieved March 19, 2019 . 
4. ^ Gerd Ohm: The Marienhütte Gnarrenburg. In: www.marienhuette-gnarrenburg.de. 2005, accessed March 19, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Tim Wöbbeking: How Gnarrenburger Glas once conquered the world . In: Jürgen Langenbruch (Ed.): Heimat-Rundblick. History, culture, nature . No. 98 . Druckpresse -Verlag , ISSN  2191-4257 , p. 24–25 (No. 3/2011 [autumn edition]).
6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 242 .
7. ↑ Contradicting information: On the following website of the community Gnarrenburg it is stated that all 12 localities were incorporated on April 8, 1974.
   (→ See under: General information about the Gnarrenburg community). In: Gnarrenburg community website. Retrieved March 19, 2019 . 
8. ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG); Section 46 - Number of Deputies. In: Internet site for the Lower Saxony Regulation Information System (NI-VORIS). December 17, 2010, accessed December 27, 2016 .  
9. ↑ Announcement of the final election results of the municipal council elections. (PDF; 129 kB) In: Website of the Gnarrenburg community. September 14, 2016, accessed March 19, 2019 . 
10. ↑ Individual results of the direct elections on May 25, 2014 in Lower Saxony. ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: www.landeswahlleiter.niedersachsen.de. May 25, 2014, accessed on March 19, 2019 (PDF; 457 kB). 
11. ↑ Grit Klempow: Kunstverein moves Synold Klein into the light . In: Stader Tageblatt . No. 154 , July 7, 2015, ISSN  0174-4909 , p. 18 ( digitized version [accessed March 19, 2019]).
12. ↑ ^{a b} General information about the community Gnarrenburg. In: Gnarrenburg community website. Retrieved March 19, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Gnarrenburg Municipality (ed.): Main Statute (resolution of November 1, 2011) . § 2 coat of arms, flag, official seal. S. 1 ( digital version [PDF; 28 kB ; accessed on March 19, 2019]).
14. ^ The localities of the community Gnarrenburg
15. ↑ Flag of the Gnarrenburg community
16. ↑ Peter von Döllen: The drop counter is the heart. In: Weser Kurier website. April 22, 2011, accessed March 19, 2019.
17. ↑ Potato Museum . (No longer available online.) In: Website Kultur- und Heimatverein Brillit e. V. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on March 19, 2019 . 
18. ↑ Thomas Schmidt: Phantom in the Moor has a face. ( Memento from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: Bremervörder Zeitung website. December 3, 2013, accessed March 19, 2019.
19. ^ Gnarrenburger Moor: Citizens' initiative wants to stop peat mining. ( Memento of March 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: Radio Bremen website. March 21, 2013, accessed March 19, 2019.