Heppenheim (Bergstrasse)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Heppenheim (Bergstrasse)
Heppenheim (Bergstrasse)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 38 '  N , 8 ° 39'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
Circle : Mountain road
Height : 122 m above sea level NHN
Area : 52.14 km 2
Residents: 26.097 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 501 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 64646
Primaries : 06252, 06253 (some of Unter-Hambach, Mittershausen-Scheuerberg and Wald-Erlenbach)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : HP
Community key : 06 4 31 011
LOCODE : DE HEP
City structure: 9 districts

City administration address : 		Großer Markt 1
64646 Heppenheim (Bergstrasse)
Website : www.heppenheim.de
Mayor : Rainer Burelbach ( CDU )
Location of the city of Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) in the Bergstrasse district
Groß-Rohrheim Zwingenberg (Bergstraße) Biblis Viernheim Lampertheim Bürstadt Einhausen (Hessen) Lorsch Bensheim Lautertal (Odenwald) Lindenfels Heppenheim (Bergstraße) Heppenheim (Bergstraße) Fürth (Odenwald) Grasellenbach Rimbach (Odenwald) Mörlenbach Wald-Michelbach Birkenau (Odenwald) Abtsteinach Gorxheimertal Hirschhorn (Neckar) Neckarsteinach Michelbuch (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Rheinland-Pfalz Baden-Württemberg Kreis Groß-Gerau Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg Odenwaldkreismap
About this picture
Heppenheim, seen from the west

Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) ( dialect : Hepprum ) is the district town of the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse and is located on Bergstrasse on the edge of the Odenwald .

The place with around 26,000 inhabitants (2019) was first mentioned in the year 755, it was granted city rights in 1318. The liberal Heppenheim conference in 1847 marked the start of the German Revolution in 1848/1849 , which is why the Free Democratic Party was founded here in 1948 .

geography

Heppenheim is on the state border with Baden-Württemberg . The urban area itself is located below the Schlossberg with the medieval Starkenburg . In addition to the castle, the townscape is also characterized by St. Peter , the "Cathedral of the Bergstrasse" - the popular name for the large Catholic church, consecrated in 1904 and not a bishopric .

The largest lake in Heppenheim is the Bruchsee .

"Bergstrasse" is both the name of the road running from Darmstadt to Heidelberg on the western edge of the Odenwald or eastern edge of the Rhine plain (today's Bundesstrasse 3 ) and the landscape in its immediate vicinity. It is characterized by an extraordinarily mild and sunny climate with particularly early blossom.

In the area of ​​the Ober-Laudenbach district there is a border curiosity that is unique in Hesse: the northern part of Ober-Laudenbach forms an enclave in the Baden-Württemberg area. Within this enclave and in the southern part of Ober-Laudenbach there are two Baden-Württemberg enclaves.

Neighboring communities

Heppenheim borders the city of Bensheim in the north, the municipality of Lautertal and the city of Lindenfels in the north-east, the municipalities of Fürth , Rimbach , Mörlenbach and Birkenau (both located in the Weschnitz Valley like Fürth and Rimbach) in the east, and the Baden municipality in the south Laudenbach ( Rhein-Neckar-Kreis , Baden-Württemberg ), in the southwest to the southern Hessian cities Viernheim and Lampertheim and in the west to the city of Lorsch .

City structure

In addition to the core city, Heppenheim consists of the districts Unter-Hambach and Ober-Hambach , Kirschhausen (with Igelsbach ), Erbach , Sonderbach , Wald-Erlenbach , Mittershausen-Scheuerberg and Ober-Laudenbach , which took effect on January 1st as part of the Hessian administrative area reform 1972 were incorporated into Heppenheim.

and display information about the image
The mountain road between Hemsberg (left), Hubenhecke (center) and Starkenburg (right)

history

Heppenheim, seen from the Starkenburg
Cathedral and old town, view from the Schlossberg
Cathedral and Starkenburg, view from Maiberg
Am Graben, 1903

The first documentary mention as "Hepphenheim" took place on July 17, 755 in a document of the Lorsch Codex on the occasion of a donation by a Marchar to the then St. Peter's Church in Heppenheim. At that time the city was the center of a Franconian mark. In 773 the Mark Heppenheim passed into the possession of the imperial monastery Lorsch due to a donation from Charlemagne , to whose protection the Starkenburg over Heppenheim was built in 1065 . The monastery had the rank of a principality. Over time, Heppenheim developed into the administrative and economic center of the monastery area, but lost with the decline of the monastery in the 11th and 12th. Century regained importance. In 1229 Emperor Friedrich II placed the Starkenburg under the control of the Archbishops of Kurmainz , and in 1232 also the Lorsch Monastery with Heppenheim . Interrupted by a pledge from the Electorate of the Palatinate from 1461 to 1623, Heppenheim remained in Mainz ownership until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803; then it became Hessian (initially Hessen-Darmstadt , since 1948 State of Hessen ).

The town charter has existed since at least 1318, the market charter probably since the first half of the 9th century. From 1265 (possibly earlier) to 1803 Heppenheim was the seat of the Kurmainzer Amt (Oberamtes) Starkenburg. With the acquisition by Hessen-Darmstadt, the Oberamt Starkenburg was dissolved. Heppenheim was now the seat of a (greatly reduced) office, since 1821 the seat of the district of Heppenheim and from 1832 the district seat of the district of Heppenheim and in the meantime, from 1848 to 1852, the seat of the government district of Heppenheim and from 1938 the seat of the district of Bergstrasse , which is next to the district of Heppenheim large parts of the then dissolved Bensheim district , after the Second World War the parts of the Worms district on the right bank of the Rhine were also allocated.

The "Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse" reports on Heppenheim in 1829:

»Heppenheim (L. Bez. Gl. N.) city; located at the foot of Starkenburg, on the pulling by the mountain road road, 6 1 / 4   St. south of Darmstadt and 6 1 / 2   St. north of Heidelberg. Heppenheim consists of the walled city proper and the newer beautiful suburb, which is without a wall. The number of houses is 487 and the population is 3654, which is up to 62 Luth., 7 Reform. and 77 Jews are all Catholic. With regard to trades, the population is divided into 108 farmers, 311 artisans and 237 day laborers. Heppenheim is the seat of the district councilor, the tax commissioner and a main customs office. One finds 1 parish church, and in it the stone with the Heppenheimer mark description, 1 office building, 1 town hall, 1 synagogue, 18 grinding mills, with which 3 oil and 2 cutting mills are connected, and of which 5 are in and 13 outside the city. Agriculture, animal husbandry, viticulture, and handicrafts are the main trades, and the mill trades, tanneries, and linen bleaching are mentioned under the latter. 4 cattle markets are held annually. "

In the years 1369 and 1693 (most recently due to the French devastation in the Palatinate War of Succession ), Heppenheim was almost completely destroyed by city fires. The city survived the two world wars unscathed, apart from minor damage when the Americans marched in in March 1945.

From May 28, 1942, Heppenheim was a satellite camp of the main Dachau / Natzweiler-Struthof camp . It was closed on December 18, 1942. The Heppenheim subcamp was reopened on June 15, 1943, and then finally closed on March 27, 1945 with the occupation by US troops (end of the war in Hesse). The interned prisoners worked in Heppenheim in the SS- owned facility, the German Research Institute for Nutrition and Meals (Dachau Command). When the American troops reached the Rhine at the end of March, the camp was evacuated and the inmates had to start the long march under strict guard to Schwäbisch Hall , from where they were transported to the " Dachau concentration camp ". Several of the prisoners died there before they were freed by the Americans at Tegernsee.

The “ Heppenheimer Versammlung ”, a meeting of leading liberals on October 10, 1847 in the “Halber Mond” hotel, marked the beginning of the German revolution of 1848/49. Because of this historical reference, the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was founded on December 11, 1948 in Heppenheim.

Jews lived in Heppenheim as early as the Middle Ages . The city belonged to the ore monastery of Mainz from 1232 to 1803. However, the patrons of the Jews, the Electors and Archbishops of Mainz, could not prevent pogroms from occurring in the Middle Ages . During the persecution of Jews during the plague of 1348/49, Jewish life in the city was destroyed. The emergence of the modern community goes back to the 17th century. Around 1900 about 40 Jewish families with 200 to 300 people lived in the city. After that, the number fell to 113 people in 1933 due to emigration and emigration. Martin Buber , Zionist and honorary professor for religious studies at Frankfurt University, lived in Heppenheim from 1916. In February 1938 he was forced to emigrate and emigrated with his family to Jerusalem . During the November pogrom in 1938, his house was looted and the library of 3,000 books was destroyed. In May 1939, 37 Jewish people were still living on site. In September 1942 the last Jewish residents of Heppenheim were deported to extermination camps. Of the people born in Heppenheim or those who lived here for a long time, 53 died as a result of the Nazi tyranny. At the location of the former synagogue (memorial) there is a metal plate with the outlines of the synagogue that was destroyed in 1938. It bears the inscription: The synagogue, built in 1900 and destroyed in 1938, stood here. On an additional board “In memory of the murdered” 29 names of former Heppenheim Jews are given.

The former state insane asylum in Heppenheim , a psychiatric facility, was involved in the National Socialist "euthanasia" crimes , as a so-called "collecting facility" for Jewish psychiatric patients , ie as a stopover on the way to the gas chamber (in addition to Heppenheim also Gießen), as well as Institution from which patients were transferred to murder institutions or concentration camps (in addition to Heppenheim, Andernach , Hadamar , Eichberg, Weilmünster, Herborn, Kalmenhof ( Idstein ), Marburg, Merxhausen, Haina, Gießen, Goddelau, Schüsten ).

The German American and later US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger lived in the Villa Schüssel from mid-1945 to April 1946 while he was serving in the Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) in Bensheim (Hesse). In May 2005, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the end of the war, Kissinger visited Heppenheim and his former accommodation together with the Hessian Prime Minister Roland Koch .

The FDP founding party conference in 1948 took place in Heppenheim.

In 1955 the city celebrated its 1200th anniversary and on this occasion opened the new open-air theater with the play “Law or Violence? (A game about King Heinrich IV. ) ”, A piece by Wolfgang Altendorf written for this event . It is still in use today, holds around 2500 people and also proved itself on the Hessentag 2004.

In 1982 the Bergstrasse district hospital with 373 beds was opened in Heppenheim. The “Open Day” held for this occasion attracted 8,000 visitors within four hours. Efforts have been made to build this facility since the 1960s, because unlike in Bensheim, Lampertheim, Viernheim, Lorsch and Lindenfels, there was no church-based health care in Heppenheim.

From June 18 to 27, 2004, Heppenheim hosted the annual Hessentag.

Incorporations

In the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse , some previously independent neighboring communities agreed with the city of Heppenheim to incorporate them as districts. First, on July 1, 1971, the community of Mittershausen was incorporated. Hambach and Ober-Laudenbach were added on December 31, 1971 . Erbach, Kirschhausen (with Igelsbach, which was incorporated there on December 1, 1970), Sonderbach and Wald-Erlenbach followed on February 1, 1972.

For these seven former municipalities, local districts with local advisory council and local chief according to the Hessian municipal code were established by the main statute . The boundaries of the local districts follow the previous district boundaries.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Heppenheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 24,895 inhabitants in Heppenheim on May 9, 2011. These included 2588 (10.40%) foreigners of whom 749 came from outside the EU , 1278 from other European countries and 561 from other countries. 10.5% of the German residents had a migration background . The inhabitants lived in 11064 households. Of these, 3910 were single households , 3107 couples without children and 3066 couples with children, as well as 737 single parents and 244 shared apartments .  Source: Historical local dictionary

Population development

  • 1623: 0204 citizens
  • 1666: 1066 inhabitants
  • 1806: 3190 inhabitants, 400 houses
  • 1829: 3,654 inhabitants, 487 houses
  • 1867: 5411 inhabitants, 689 houses
Heppenheim: Population from 1806 to 2015
year     Residents
1806
  
 3,190
1829
  
 3,654
1834
  
 4.010
1840
  
 4,360
1846
  
 4,649
1852
  
 4,344
1858
  
 4,653
1864
  
 4,370
1871
  
 4,599
1875
  
 4,781
1885
  
 5,250
1895
  
 5,409
1905
  
 6.364
1910
  
 7,033
1925
  
 7,693
1939
  
 9,530
1946
  
 11,628
1950
  
 13,111
1956
  
 13,332
1961
  
 13,876
1967
  
 15,808
1970
  
 16,815
1972
  
 23,284
1976
  
 23,820
1984
  
 24,010
1992
  
 24,184
2000
  
 25,434
2010
  
 25,297
2011
  
 24,895
2015
  
 25,115
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources: up to 1970 :; 1972 :; 1976 :; 1984 :; 1992 :; 2000 :; ; 2005 :; 2010 :; 2011 census; 2015:
From 1976 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 62 Lutheran (= 1.70%), 7 Reformed (= 0.19%), 77 Jewish (= 2.11%) and 3508 Catholic (= 96.00%) residents
• 1961: 3484 Protestant (= 25.11%), 10074 Catholic (= 72.60%) residents
• 2011: 4650 Protestant (= 29.5%), 4550 Catholic (= 29.1%), 120 free church (= 0.8%), 250 Orthodox (= 1.6%), 640 non-believers (= 4.1%), 5450 other (= 34.7%) residents

Gainful employment

The municipality in comparison with the district, administrative district Darmstadt and Hesse:

year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Employees subject to social security contributions 2017 10,407 72,939 1,695,567 2,524,156
Change to 2000 + 6.7% + 17.1% + 16.1% + 16.0%
of which full-time 2017 69.2% 70.8% 72.8% 71.8%
of which part-time 2017 30.8% 29.2% 27.2% 28.2%
Only marginally paid employees 2017 1725 15,613 224.267 372.991
Change to 2000 + 10.0% −4.3% + 9.0% + 8.8%
Branch year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Manufacturing 2000 37.6% 39.6% 27.0% 30.6%
2017 26.8% 32.1% 20.4% 24.3%
Commerce, hospitality and transport 2000 20.6% 25.1% 26.4% 25.1%
2017 23.1% 25.8% 24.7% 23.8%
Business services 2000 10.0% 11.6% 25.1% 20.2%
2017 14.7% 15.5% 31.6% 26.1%
other services 2000 31.1% 22.0% 20.1% 22.5%
2017 34.8% 25.3% 23.0% 25.4%
Other (or without assignment) 2000 00.7% 01.7% 01.4% 01.5%
2017 00.5% 01.1% 00.3% 00.4%

politics

In 1948, the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was founded in Heppenheim .

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
       
A total of 37 seats
  • Left : 1
  • SPD : 9
  • GLH : 4
  • FDP : 4
  • CDU : 14
  • FWHPINI : 3
  • LIZ : 2
 Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 37.8 14th 39.4 15th 39.7 15th 48.3 18th
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 23.3 9 30.7 11 35.9 13 32.0 12
GLH Green List Heppenheim 10.1 4th 13.6 5 7.0 3 7.1 3
FWHPINI Free voters Heppenheim PINI 8.1 3 5.3 2 5.9 2 6.5 2
FDP Free Democratic Party 11.9 4th 5.0 2 7.5 3 6.1 2
LEFT The left 3.6 1 2.4 1 - - - -
LIZ Life in the center 5.1 2 2.3 1 - - - -
WASG Work & Social Justice - The Alternative Choice - - - - 4.0 1 - -
total 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37
Voter turnout in% 47.2 55.5 48.6 53.0

mayor

In the election on March 12, 2017, incumbent Rainer Burelbach (CDU) prevailed against Peter Janßen (LIZ).

The mayors of Heppenheim since the Hessian municipal constitution was enacted in 1821 can be found under List of Mayors of Heppenheim .

Districts

The following local districts with local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code exist in the municipality:

  • Local district Erbach (areas of the former municipality Erbach ). The local advisory board consists of new members.
  • Hambach district (Unter- and Ober-Hambach) (areas of the former Hambach community ). The local advisory board consists of nine members.
  • Kirschhausen district with Igelsbach (areas of the former Kirschhausen community ). The local advisory board consists of nine members.
  • Mittershausen-Scheuerberg district (areas of the former Mittershausen-Scheuerberg community ). The local advisory board consists of seven members.
  • District Ober-Laudenbach (areas of the former municipality of Ober-Laudenbach ). The local advisory board consists of seven members.
  • Sonderbach district (areas of the former Sonderbach community ). The local advisory board consists of nine members.
  • Wald-Erlenbach district (areas of the former municipality of Wald-Erlenbach ). The local advisory board consists of nine members.

coat of arms

The coat of arms is divided and split at the bottom. Above it shows the red and silver striped Hessian lion , growing to the right on a blue background, with a golden crown and a silver sword with gold trim in its right paw. In the lower right field there is the red Lorsch Nagelspitz cross on a silver background, in the lower left the Mainz wheel , six-spoke silver on a red background.

The coat of arms awarded to the city on August 30, 1913 by Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig symbolizes the historical rulership (Lorsch property from 773 to 1232, Mainz property until 1803, since then Hessian), but without taking into account the Electoral Palatinate pledge from 1461 to 1623. The old historical coat of arms (shown for example on the Merian engraving published in 1645) showed a seated bishop as a symbol of Kurmainzer rule.

Town twinning

Partnerships exist with the following cities:

Sponsorship

Since 1956 there has been a sponsorship with the community of Bubenreuth through Schönbach / Eger, Sudetenland (Czech Republic).

Culture and sights

Buildings

Town hall on the market square
Market square and Starkenburg in the background
The center of Heppenheim's old town as seen from Starkenburg
The "Dom der Bergstrasse", the St. Peter Church

Heppenheim currently (as of 30 April 2008) 408 under monument protection standing cultural monuments . The list of cultural monuments in Heppenheim provides an overview of all of the city's cultural monuments . A selection is listed here:

  • Market square with town hall , half-timbered houses and Marienbrunnen
  • Starkenburg on the Schlossberg
  • Catholic parish church St. Peter ("Cathedral of the Bergstrasse")
  • Kurmainzer Amtshof
  • Arboretum with around 200 native and exotic trees
  • Former power station built in 1899 in neo-Gothic style
  • Open-air stage, built in 1955 on the Kappel, on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary
  • Heppenheim Airfield , one of the largest glider airfields in Germany, is located southwest of Heppenheim

Heppenheim has a largely preserved, self-contained picturesque old town with an area of ​​around six hectares, in which all of the above-mentioned sights are located except for the Starkenburg. The old town is characterized by half-timbered buildings, most of which arose on the remains of the medieval city in the course of the reconstruction in the first decades after the destruction of Heppenheim in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1693. However, only fragments of the city walls, which were largely laid down in the first half of the 19th century, have survived.

Regular events

Important annually recurring events are:

  • Heppenheim Festival (daily from mid / late July to early September)
  • Bergstrasse Wine Market (end of June)
  • International Weinmarkt stock shooting tournament (second Weinmarkt weekend)
  • International street theater at the Gassensensationen festival (beginning of July)
  • Carnival parade (Shrove Sunday)
  • Holiday games for children from preschool to 16 years
  • Spring market on the first weekend in March
  • Parish fair on the first weekend in August
  • Forum Culture: a wide range of cultural events in the fields of jazz, children's theater, classical music (talk concerts), cabaret and literature
  • Vineyard hike (May 1st)
  • Car-free mountain road
  • Heppenheim car show (last weekend in March with Sunday shopping and a special electric mobility show)

Starkenburg observatory

The Heppenheimer Starkenburg-Sternwarte , an amateur observatory on the Schlossberg near the Starkenburg, has also made a name for itself nationwide in small planet research.

Museums and cultural institutions

  • City History and Folklore Museum
  • conservatory
  • Music school of the city of Heppenheim
  • "Theater im Hof" of the "Festspiele Heppenheim GmbH" (host / organizer of the Heppenheim Festival)
  • District adult education center
  • Haus am Maiberg (political and social educational institution of the Diocese of Mainz)
  • The "Heppenheimer Mühlenrundweg" reminds of the former importance of the milling industry and mill culture.

Movie

Associations in Heppenheim

  • Aero-Club Heppenheim Kreis Bergstraße eV ( glider club and placeholder of the special landing site Heppenheim )
  • FC Starkenburgia 1900 Heppenheim, one of the oldest football clubs in Germany, which was founded the same year as the German Football Association, bears the league games mainly in Starkenburg Stadium from - the rest of the game operation is mainly due to the club's sports field on centering court - and played in the 80s in the highest amateur league. Known players: Jürgen Groh and Thomas Franck . Organizer of the international Entega and CURACON Cup for F and E juniors.
  • FC Sportfreunde Heppenheim, they play their games in the Starkenburg Stadium, a new athletics stadium created in 2007 right next to the swimming pool and near the train station .
  • REC Heppenheim plays ice stock in the Bundesliga West. Successes could also be achieved in ice hockey, figure skating and speed roller skating, including European championships. In the 1950s, the REC hosted the speed roller road race in Heppenheim.
  • Riding and driving club Heppenheim, founded in 1957, show jumping, dressage, vaulting
  • HC VfL Heppenheim, played in the 1st professional league. The Heppenheim handball club was re-established on March 12, 1997, because bankruptcy proceedings were initiated against the main club and the club was not allowed to play again. The predecessor club VfL Heppenheim made it into the handball league for the first time in 1980 before a checkered history began with relegations and relegations.
  • WSVB-L (water sports club Bergstraße), has a club house including a boathouse and jetty at Bruchsee in Heppenheim and a house with jetty in Lampertheim on an arm of the old Rhine in the Lampertheimer Altrhein nature reserve . It was founded in 1953 by Bergstrasse sailors.
  • BC Heppenheim (Badminton Club Heppenheim) BC Heppenheim, founded in 1997, was originally a division of the former VfL Heppenheim . After its dissolution, the association became independent.
  • Tourist and local history association
  • Heppenheimer Wirtschaftsvereinigung, founded in 1951. The Heppenheimer Wirtschaftsvereinigung is a voluntary association of currently more than 180 Heppenheim businesses and tradespeople of all kinds. It is a network at the Heppenheim business location, to the interests of trade, craft, industry as well as service and liberal professions to represent as a strong umbrella organization.
  • SV Erbach, sports club in the Erbach district. Handball is played in the club founded in 1946, and there is also a women's gymnastics department.
  • TV Heppenheim, is a sports club with different departments, including Tae Kwon Do, basketball, volleyball, hiking and fitness.
  • Heppenheimer Geschichtsverein eV, founded on February 27, 1959
  • TTC Heppenheim (Table Tennis Club Heppenheim)
  • VzB Heppenheim (association for physical activity promotion, disabled and rehabilitation sports), founded in 1957.
  • SC Heppenheim (Heppenheim Swimming Club)
  • OWK Heppenheim (Odenwaldklub Heppenheim)
  • Heppenheimer Altstadtfreunde eV, founded in 1977
  • Forum Culture Heppenheim
  • Tennis club Blau-Weiß Heppenheim
  • Free Infrastructure Bergstrasse eV founded in 2016. Currently with the divisions Freifunk and Electromobility

Economy and Infrastructure

Land use

The municipal area covers a total area of ​​5214 hectares, of which the following hectares are:

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 575 583
from that Living 334 334
Business 71 78
Operating area 45 51
from that Mining land 28 28
Recreation area 26th 25th
from that Green area 11 10
traffic area 360 362
Agricultural area 2371 2357
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 1670 1671
Water surface 96 95
Other use 7th 7th

Economic structure

Heppenheim is part of the economically strong Rhine-Neckar metropolitan region and, together with various neighboring cities and municipalities (including Bensheim, Lorsch and Lautertal), is shown as a middle center in the South Hessian regional plan.

It has favorable economic data, also in relation to the already favorable data for the Rhine-Neckar area and the Starkenburg region (above-average employment rate and particularly high proportion of academics with above-average purchasing power of the resident population).

traffic

The Heppenheimer Bahnhof in June 2007
Lufthansa aircraft named after Heppenheim

Heppenheim is centrally located on the B 3 , B 460 and A 5 / A 67 , almost halfway between Heidelberg and Darmstadt (distance each about 29 km).

Heppenheim is connected to Jugenheim, Grasellenbach and Mörlenbach by several bus lines. Since December 9th, 2018, the two city bus routes 678 (train station - Graben - district hospital - Christ Church) and 679 (train station - Daimlerstrasse - Gunderslache - Nordstadt II - health department - train station) belonging to the VRN line bundle "Nördliche Bergstrasse" have been operated by the Gersprenztal transport company with minibuses operated. Line 678 was only introduced as part of this new tendering process, before line 679 went to Nordstadt instead of to the district hospital. The 679 line has also stopped at the Lehrstraße and Halber Mond stops since June 24, 2019. Since that day, the two city bus routes have been running every 45 minutes instead of half-hourly due to the unsustainable schedule.

The Heppenheim station is located with two tracks on the Main-Neckar-Bahn in the city center.

The airfield is located southwest of the city.

Company / Industry

Today's Sparkasse Starkenburg was founded in 1830 . In 1899, one of the first power stations in Europe was built in Heppenheim. From 1900, two steam engines supplied electricity for Heppenheim and Bensheim. After the Second World War , numerous industrial companies were settled, for example from the fields of mechanical engineering (KLN Ultraschall AG), mining (Röhrig granite works in the Sonderbach district), textile and food production (including a large production facility of Langnese-Iglo GmbH), analytical industry (WICOM) . The manufacturing industry was later supplemented by companies from the fields of logistics, marketing and services. The Odenwald-Quelle mineral water company, which has existed since 1932, is located on the B 3 near the state border . The Smurfit Kappa Group also has a location in Heppenheim.

Viticulture

Heppenheim is a wine town that belongs to the Hessische Bergstrasse wine-growing region . With around 450 hectares of vineyards, it was originally the smallest - since German reunification the second smallest - independent wine-growing region in Germany. 230 hectares of vineyards alone - around half - are accounted for by Heppenheim including the Hambach and Erbach districts. They are among the major site called "Heppenheim Schlossberg" with the individual layers Centgericht , Stemmler, Steinkopf, Schlossberg, Maiberg and Eckweg sold (up to 2004 there was also the single vineyard designation Gulden inches).

Due to the particularly favorable climate and good soil conditions on the Bergstrasse, very high quality, predominantly dry and semi-dry wines are produced. The main grape variety is Riesling . The largest producer in the wine-growing region is the “Bergsträßer Winzer eG” wine cooperative based in Heppenheim, which also has the largest wine cellar in Hesse. The Bergstrasse State Winery , based in Bensheim, maintains the Hessian Vineyard Garden in Heppenheim, a former vine cultivation facility, the aim of which was to combat phylloxera that was introduced from America, but which only appeared on the Bergstrasse itself in 2005, by grafting bluish-proof hybrid rootstocks onto noble grape varieties. The 6.9 km long “Wine and Stone Adventure Path” begins at Bergsträßer Winzer eG and leads through the vineyards with over 30 stations (webcam, vino cinema).

education

The Odenwald school was located in the Ober-Hambach district . It was the oldest German comprehensive school based on a reform pedagogical concept. It was opened in 1910 by Edith Geheeb and Paul Geheeb . It should combine manual and mental work. However , when the abuse scandal at the school became known, the number of pupils fell so sharply that the school had to be closed in 2015. The Starkenburg-Gymnasium in Heppenheim is attended by over 1200 students. Sebastian Vettel graduated from high school at this school. With the Martin Buber School, there is also a secondary and secondary school. The castle school is located in the heart of the old town. The primary school is located in the former "city palace" of the Baron von und zu der Hees. In addition, the Nibelung School and the Konrad Adenauer School are available as primary schools.

Adult education

The Katholisches Bildungswerk Bergstrasse / Odenwald is responsible for the Catholic adult education in the Diocesan Educational Center Mainz in the districts Bergstrasse and Odenwald. The Academy for Political and Social Education "Haus am Maiberg" and the Diocesan Education Center in Mainz are members of the Catholic Adult Education - Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft Hessen eV .

Personalities

The city of Heppenheim has numerous personalities; see the list of personalities of the city of Heppenheim .

literature

  • Wilhelm Metzendorf: History and fortunes of the Heppenheimer Jews. Verlag Reinhard Diehl, Lorsch 1982. ISBN 3-922781-67-5
  • Wilhelm Metzendorf: Heppenheimer Lexikon. Verlag Laurissa, Lorsch 1986. ISBN 3-922781-69-1
  • Verkehrs- und Heimatverein Heppenheim e. V. (Ed.): 1250 years Heppenheim. ABT Mediengruppe, Weinheim 2005. ISBN 3-00-016093-0
  • Leonhard Rettig: The mention of Heppenheim and the Starkenburg in the Lorsch Codex. Magistrate of the district town of Heppenheim an der Bergstrasse (Ed.), Heppenheim 1970.
  • Heinrich Hess: 1200 Twelve Hundred Years of Mark Heppenheim . Edited by the city council of Heppenheim, Heppenheim, 1973.
  • Literature on Heppenheim in the Hessian Bibliography
  • Literature on Heppenheim in the catalog of the German National Library

Web links

Commons : Heppenheim  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Heppenheim  - travel guide
Wikisource: Heppenheim in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - Sources and full texts
Wikisource: Heppenheim in the Topographia Palatinatus Rheni (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ History of the founding and development of the FDP | FDP Heppenheim - Freedom since 1847. Retrieved on August 4, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 2), Certificate 429 July 17, 755 - Reg. 1. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 139 , accessed on January 21, 2016 .
  4. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape  1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 104 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Series of articles in the Bergstrasse Gazette from 2005 about the end of the war on Bergstrasse. Mountain road. Bergsträßer Anzeiger, accessed on December 20, 2014 .
  6. ^ History of the Jewish community in Heppenheim on "Alemannia Judaica" (accessed December 25, 2014)
  7. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007. (pdf 8.61 MB) When the district town presented itself with an open-air stage. P. 51 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 28, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergstrasse Indicator" 2007. "District Hospital: Debates about Location". P. 105
  9. ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 28 , p. 1117 , item 988; Paragraph 25. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).
  10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 348-349 .
  11. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 37 kB) § 5. In: Website. City of Heppenheim, accessed August 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 24, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  13. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  14. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  15. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  16. ↑ a b Population by nationality group: Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), district town. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
  17. ↑ Migration background in%: Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), district town. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
  18. ^ Households by family: Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), district town. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
  19. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 38 ( online at google books ).
  20. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  21. ↑ Local elections 1977; Relevant population figures for the municipalities as of December 15, 1976 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1976 No.  52 , p. 2283 , point 1668 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 10.3 MB ]).
  22. ^ Local elections 1985; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 30, 1984 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1984 No.  46 , p. 2175 , point 1104 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
  23. ↑ local elections 1993; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 21, 1992 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1992 No.  44 , p. 2766 , point 935 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.1 MB ]).
  24. ↑ a b municipality data sheet : Heppenheim. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  25. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2005). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  26. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2010). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  27. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2015). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  28. ^ Religious affiliation : Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), district town. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
  29. ↑ History | FDP Heppenheim - Freedom since 1847. Retrieved on August 6, 2017 .
  30. ↑ Heppenheim Proclamation of December 12, 1948 ( Memento of September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 362 kB)
  31. ^ Result of the municipal elections on March 6, 2016. 431011 City of Heppenheim (Bergstrasse). Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  32. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 27, 2011. 431011 Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), Stadt. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in November 2019 .
  33. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 26, 2006. 431011 Heppenheim (Bergstrasse), Stadt. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in November 2019 .
  34. ↑ Results of the municipal elections of 2001 and 1997. (No longer available online.) Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original ; accessed in October 2019 .
  35. ↑ Open-air stage (past and present) ( Memento from April 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  36. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007. "VfL Heppenheim in the Bundesliga". P. 35
  37. ↑ Hessisches Statistisches Informationssystem In: Statistics.Hessen.
  38. ↑ a b The two city buses in Heppenheim will in future be operated by the VGG. VRN GmbH, December 1, 2018, accessed on August 30, 2019 .
  39. ↑ a b City bus Heppenheim - adjustment of the timetables and new stops in the city center: Lines 678 and 679 will run every 45 minutes in future - free use on the Weinmarkt weekends. VRN GmbH, June 21, 2019, accessed on August 30, 2019 .
  40. ↑ Catholic educational institute Bergstrasse and Odenwald. Website. Accessed December 2019 .
  41. ^ House on Maiberg. Website. Academy for Political and Social Education, accessed December 2019 .
  42. ^ Educational organization diocese of Mainz. Website. Accessed December 2019 .