Olomučany
| Olomučany | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Blansko | ||||
| Area : | 1513 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 20 ′ N , 16 ° 40 ′ E | ||||
| Height: | 358 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,054 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 679 03 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Blansko - Křtiny | ||||
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| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Josef Smíšek (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Olomučany 123 679 03 Olomučany |
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| Municipality number: | 582166 | ||||
| Website : | www.olomucany.cz | ||||
Olomučany (German Olomutschan , formerly Ollomutschan ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers southeast of Blansko and belongs to the Okres Blansko .
geography
Olomučany is located in a clearing in the Drahaner Bergland on the edge of the ChKO Moravský kras protected landscape area . The village extends in the valley of the Olomučanský creek. To the west lies the deeply cut valley of the Svitava , to the south the Joseph valley ( Josefské údolí ) of the Křtinský potok. To the north rises the Polom (469 m), in the northeast the Pokojná (501 m), southeast of the Košův žlíbek (510 m), in the south of the U Máchova pomníku (505 m), west of the Dlouhý vrch (447 m). To the north is the Polom desert.
Neighboring towns are Arnoštov, Starohraběcí Huť and Márovky in the north, Lažánky in the northeast, Rudice in the east, Habrůvka and Josefov in the southeast, Huť Františka and Adamov in the south, Vranov in the southwest, Svatá Kateřina and Olešná in the west and Klepačov in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show that the municipality was settled in the 8th and 9th centuries. At that time, the limonite stored here was also processed metallurgically. Later the pits and huts went out again.
The present village was probably created by the Olomouc bishopric as a settlement of charcoal burners and loggers who cleared the upper valley of the Olomučanský potok and made it arable. The first written mention of the village took place in 1353 in the course of a border dispute between the lords of Pozořice and Blansko. Olomučany belonged to Pozořice at that time, but Blansko also owned a share of the goods. In 1371, the Nový hrad castle was built over the Svitava , probably by Jobst of Moravia . After the castle was captured by Matthias Corvinus around 1470 and devastated in the Bohemian-Hungarian War, the brothers Dobeš and Beneš Černohorský von Boskovic built a new castle southeast above it, which in turn was named Nový hrad . The desert castle was henceforth called Starý hrad . In 1567, the rule of Nový hrad including the castle, the farm and the villages of Olomučany, Habrůvka , Březina , Babice , Kanice , Řícmanice , Bílovice and the desert village of Jehnice was hereditary in the land table Albrecht Černohorský von Boskowitz. The iron ore mining around Olomučany has been documented in writing since 1580. In 1604 Maximilian von Liechtenstein , who had been married to Katharina Černohorský von Boskowitz since 1597 , inherited the rule. The villages belonging to Nový hrad were later united with the Černá Hora estate . In 1645 the Swedes captured Nový hrad Castle and burned it down. According to tradition, this was the result of the betrayal of the farmer Vokoun from Olomučany, the first mention of the Vokounka cave near Habrůvka comes from this period. In the fire of Nový hrad all documents of the lordship were lost. Between 1645 and 1648 the area was hit by a major plague epidemic. After the Thirty Years War, only 16 properties were managed in Olomučany. In 1660, the Liechtensteiners founded a glassworks in Olomučany , Johann Streck is known to be the first glass master. The glassworks proved unsuccessful, so that the rule brought glassmakers from Spain into the country in 1672. The dilapidated glassworks was repaired within a short time and the production of crystal glass started. Subsequently, the Liechtensteiners also employed French glassmakers. From 1690 the glass painter Franz Baldermann worked in Olomučany. The Nový hrad forest district was divided into the three districts of Vranov, Olomučany and Habrůvka in 1704. The oldest local seal dates from the 18th century, it bears the inscription Secrit Wes Olomuzsan . In 1712 a new glassworks was put into operation. After the introduction of house numbers in 1770, the village consisted of 58 houses, number 59 was given to Nowy Hrad Castle . In 1792 school lessons began in Olomučany, previously Blansko was a school location. The Liechtenstein landlords of Olomučany remained until the middle of the 19th century.
After the abolition of patrimonial Olomúčany / Ollomutschan formed from 1850 a political municipality in the district administration Brno . In 1871, during the harvest season, a large forest fire burned 26 houses in the village. The harvest in numerous fields was also destroyed. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1886. At that time, Olomúčany consisted of 160 houses. Limonite mining continued until 1871, after which the manufacture of earthenware , stove stones and stone ware took place . The current place name Olomučany has been in use since the end of the 19th century . Majolica production gained increasing importance towards the end of the 19th century. A branch was subsequently built in Liboj , Slovenia , but it was pledged in 1909 and not redeemed . In 1946 the traditional craft went out. Olomučany has been part of the Okres Blansko since 1948 .
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Olomučany.
Attractions
- Branch church Herz Jesu
- Ceramic Museum
- Remains of the Čertův hrádek castle, northwest of the village above the Svitava, it was built at the transition from the 13th to the 14th century and became extinct during the Hussite Wars
- Remains of the Starý hrad castle, west of the Svitava, which has been documented since 1371, fell into desolation during the Bohemian-Hungarian War after 1470
- Hungarian fortifications below Starý hrad above the Svitava, built around 1470
- Nový hrad Castle , west of the Svitava, was built in the 1470s and burned down by the Swedes in 1645. From 1655 it was partially rebuilt. It has belonged to the ČSOP since 1990.
- desert castle Hrádek u Babic, above the Křtinské údolí, south of the village
- Karst caves Býčí skála , Jáchymka, Barová, Kostelík and Tři kotle, south in the valley of the Křtinský potok
- Old ironworks in Huť Františka in Josefovské údolí, branch of the Technical Museum in Brno
- Alexandrovka lookout tower , south of Olomučany
- four railway tunnels on the Česká Třebová – Brno railway line , they cross the bends of the Svitava river opposite the Čertův hrádek castle, under the Nový hrad castle and near Vranov
- Výrova skála, 70 m high granodiorite rock above the Svitava, west of Olomučany
- Habrůvecká Bučina natural monument, southeast of the village
- former iron stone pits east and south of the village
