Křtiny

Křtiny
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Blansko
Area :	1118 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 18 '  N , 16 ° 45'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 17 '51 "  N , 16 ° 44' 38"  E
Height:	417  m nm
Residents :	836 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	679 05
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Brno - Boskovice
Next international airport :	Brno-Tuřany
structure
Status:	Městys
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	František Novotný (as of 2018)
Address:	Křtiny 26 679 05 Křtiny
Municipality number:	581828
Website :	www.krtiny.cz

Křtiny (German Kiritein , formerly Kiriteyn ) is a minority in the Czech Republic . It is located 15 kilometers northeast of the city center of Brno and belongs to the Okres Blansko .

geography

Křtiny is located in the forests of the Drahan Mountains on the edge of the ChKO Moravský kras protected landscape area . The town is located at the confluence of the Zemanův žleb brook in the Křtinský potok. To the northeast rises the Proklest (574 m), in the south the Horka (473 m) and Vysoká (492 m).

Neighboring towns are Rudice , Stará Huť, Chaloupky and Jedovnice in the north, Senetářov , Podomí and Ruprechtov in the northeast, Bukovina in the east, Lhotky and Proseč in the southeast, Březina , Ochoz u Brna , Obce and Kanice in the south, Babice nad Svitavou in the southwest, Ptačinek and Adamov in the west and Habrůvka in the northwest.

history

View of the pilgrimage church from the southeast

The first written mention of the Premonstratensian monastery Obrowitz village Kirtina was on September 27, 1237 in one of Pope Gregory IX. signed treatise on the inviolability of ecclesiastical property by secular lords after a large number of villages had been destroyed in the fratricidal war between Wenceslas I and Přemysl of Moravia . The name of the place arose from the Latin name Vallis baptismi, alias Kyriteinensis . Two churches have existed in the valley since the Middle Ages. Heinrich von Leipa left a mill and forests to the Church of the Virgin Mary in 1321. The place was devastated during the Hussite Wars . Pilgrimages have taken place in Kiriteyn since 1607, and from 1623 they received support from the Brno Jesuit order . During the Thirty Years' War, Kiriteyn was sacked by the troops of Gábor Bethlen , the rebellious Wallachians and in 1645 by the Swedes. In place of the old church, construction of the baroque cathedral began in 1718 according to plans by Johann Blasius Santini-Aichl . After the abolition of the monastery in the course of the Josephine reforms, Kiriteyn became part of the secular rule Obrowitz in 1784. In 1809 Kiriteyn was occupied by the Napoleonic infantry for three months. In 1830 the Imperial and Royal State Goods Disposal Commission sold the Obrowitz estate with all its accessories for the highest bid for 222,000 florins to Franz Xaver von Dietrichstein- Proskau. Cholera broke out for the first time in 1831 .

After the abolition of patrimonial Křtiny / Kiritein formed from 1850 a political municipality in the district administration of Brno . More cholera epidemics followed in 1855 and 1866. In 1864 Alexander von Mensdorff-Pouilly inherited the goods and sold them to Vinzenz von Bubna-Littitz in the same year . He converted the castle into his residence and had a family burial place built in the Annenkapelle. In 1880 Kiritein had 571 inhabitants, who with the exception of 29 Germans belonged to the Czech ethnic group. The Lords of Bubna moved their seat to Dřínov at the end of the 19th century and sold Křtiny in 1894 to John II of Liechtenstein , who two years later joined Křtiny to the Liechtenstein Family Entity Commission. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia, large estates were nationalized in 1920. Some of the goods remained in the possession of the Barons von Offermann until 1945. 1921 Křtiny was assigned to the Okres Brno-venkov . In 1930 508 people lived in the village, 14 of them were Germans. From 1936 the Výpustek cave was used by the Czechoslovak army. After the German occupation, the caves at Křtinský potok were used from 1944 as underground relocation objects for the Ostmark aircraft engine works . From September 1943 to February 1945, Křtiny Castle served as a KLV camp for the Frau-Ute-Schule, a lyceum from Berlin-Reinickendorf (now the European Bertha von Suttner High School ). During the Bratislava-Brno operation , Křtiny was in the front area between the Wehrmacht and the Red Army for two weeks until May 9, 1945. 14 residents died in the fighting, and the church also suffered major damage. Křtiny has been part of the Okres Blansko since 1948 . In 1950 the community had 649 inhabitants. In 1965, the Forest Research Institute of the Brno University erected new buildings on Bukovský Kopec. In 1991 the village had 754 inhabitants. Since December 1, 2006 Křtiny has again the status of Městys. A limestone quarry is operated north of the village.

Community structure

No districts are shown for Městys Křtiny.

Attractions

Entrance to the castle

• Baroque pilgrimage church of the Virgin Mary , built between 1718 and 1750 according to plans by Johann Blasius Santini-Aichl instead of two medieval churches. After the fire of 1844, it was restored with the support of the Lords of Dietrichstein- Proskau. The church, also known as the pearl of Moravia , was declared a national cultural monument in 2008 . An ossuary was found in 1991 and has been open to the public since 2005. In 2004 a carillon consisting of 39 bells was consecrated in the cloister.
• Křtiny Castle, built in 1658 as the residence of the Premonstratensian Monastery of Obrowitz. Since 1920 it has been the seat of the forest enterprise of the Mendel University in Brno
• Rectory, built in 1611
• The statue of the Virgin Mary, the two meter high work of art, was created in the 13th or 14th century
• Arboretum Křtiny, founded by August Bayer, north of the town
• Chapel of St. Anna, built between 1718 and 1729 by František Benedikt Klíčník
• Karst caves Výpustek, Vokounka, Jurajova, Drátenická, Žitný, Mariánská, Silvestrovka and Jestřábka as well as Ponor Otevřená skála, west of Křtiny in the valley of the Křtinský potok
• Bayerova nature reserve, north of the village
• Březinka natural monument, on Vysoká hill, southwest of Křtiny

Web links

Commons : Křtiny  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/581828/Krtiny
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Heimatmuseum Reinickendorf, Claudia Johanna Bauer: Holidays from the war . Berlin childhood memories 1939-1947, Jaron 2010. ISBN 9783897736504