Pegnitz (city)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Pegnitz
Pegnitz (city)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Pegnitz highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '  N , 11 ° 32'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Bayreuth
Height : 422 m above sea level NHN
Area : 100 km 2
Residents: 13,263 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 133 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91257
Area code : 09241
License plate : BT, EBS , ESB , KEM , MÜB , PEG
Community key : 09 4 72 175
City structure: 49 districts

City administration address : 		Hauptstrasse 37
91257 Pegnitz
Website : www.pegnitz.de
Mayor : Wolfgang Nierhoff (PEG)
Location of the city of Pegnitz in the Bayreuth district
Landkreis Nürnberger Land Bayreuth Bayreuth Landkreis Hof Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Lichtenfels Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Landkreis Tirschenreuth Landkreis Neustadt an der Waldnaab Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach Prüll Warmensteinacher Forst-Nord Waidacher Forst Waidacher Forst Veldensteiner Forst Neubauer Forst-Nord Waischenfeld Bayreuth Heinersreuther Forst Glashüttener Forst Forst Neustädtlein am Forst Gemeindefreies Gebiet Fichtelberg Emtmannsberg Haag Seybothenreuth Creußen Warmensteinach Weidenberg Schnabelwaid Prebitz Plech Mistelgau Mistelbach (Oberfranken) Hummeltal Heinersreuth Goldkronach Glashütten (Oberfranken) Gesees Gefrees Eckersdorf Bischofsgrün Bischofsgrün Bindlach Betzenstein Bad Berneck im Fichtelgebirge Speichersdorf Kirchenpingarten Waischenfeld Plankenfels Pegnitz (Stadt) Mehlmeisel Hollfeld Fichtelberg (Oberfranken) Aufseß Ahorntal Bischofsgrüner Forst Pottenstein (Oberfranken)map
About this picture

Pegnitz (dialect Bengatz ) is a town in the Upper Franconian district of Bayreuth in Bavaria . It is located a little over 50 kilometers (as the crow flies) northeast of Nuremberg and belongs to the Upper Franconia East planning region .

geography

Geographical location

Pegnitz is located about 27 kilometers south of Bayreuth on the eastern edge of Franconian Switzerland , the northern part of the Franconian Alb . The Pegnitz rises in the city center and is fed a few meters below its source by the Fichtenohe . The Schloßberg rises directly to the west of the city and the Zipser Berg a little to the northeast .

The Bavarian Iron Road begins in Pegnitz and connects numerous industrial and cultural monuments over a length of around 120 km to the Danube near Regensburg .

Community structure

The municipality of Pegnitz has 49 districts :

*is in the district of Veldensteinerforst ( unincorporated area ) and administratively belongs to the city of Pegnitz

There are the districts Bronn, Buchau, Büchenbach, Elbersberg, Hainbronn, Körbeldorf, Leups, Pegnitz, Penzenreuth, Trockau, Troschenreuth, Veldensteinerforst and Zips.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Creußen , Schnabelwaid , Kirchenthumbach , Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate , Neuhaus an der Pegnitz , Betzenstein , Pottenstein and Hummeltal .

Geotopes

  • Voitshöhle D83, northwest of Pegnitz (geotope number 472H003).
  • Dianafelsen west of Pegnitz (geotope number 472R053).
  • High rock west of Pegnitz (geotope number 472R054).
  • Dolomite rock tobacco pipe (geotope number 472R055).
  • Group of rocks on the guard east of Reisach (geotope number 472R057).
  • Dolomite rocks Königskopf near Bronn (geotope number 472R058).
  • Dolomite rock with the Alter Keller D241 cave west of Neudorf (geotope number 472R059).
  • Hutterichsfelsen south of Hainbronn (geotope number 472R060).
  • Wasserberg, Pegnitz (geotope number 472R077).
  • Fahnenfels in Pegnitz (geotope number 472R132).
  • Rocks with small round caves, Lüglas (geotope number 472R133).
  • Rock with Haberstein cave D222 (geotope number 472R132).
  • Lochberg, Pegnitz (geotope number 472R154).

history

Market square of Pegnitz with the old town hall

Until the 19th century

Pegnitz emerged from two settlements. One was mentioned for the first time as "Begenz" in the foundation deed of the Michelfeld Monastery of May 6, 1119. From 1293 the form "Begniz" is handed down and from 1329 the current name. 1347–1355 the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg re- founded the planned town of Pegnitz under the protection of a castle. 1355 gave it the Emperor Charles IV. , The town charter . It only grew together with the other settlement, Altenstadt, centuries later. In 1357 the landgraves Ulrich and Johannes von Leuchtenberg sold the "city and fortress" (the new town) to Charles IV, who "incorporated" the city into the Kingdom of Bohemia . Until 1402 the city of Pegnitz belonged to Bohemia, which is still reminiscent of the name of Böheimstein Castle . From Wenceslaus , the son of Emperor Charles IV, to Johann III in 1402 . , pledged to the Hohenzollern burgrave of Nuremberg , Pegnitz remained in the possession of Hohenzollern for centuries, as the Bohemian crown could not redeem the pledge. From 1500 the city was part of the Franconian Empire .

The former upper bailiff of the Principality of Bayreuth , which had become Prussian in 1792 , fell to France with the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807 . With the Principality of Bayreuth, it was initially placed under French military administration and in 1810 handed over to the Kingdom of Bavaria for financial compensation . In 1818, the municipal edict in Bavaria introduced the municipal constitution for Pegnitz, but the citizens of Altenstadt were still not citizens of the city of Pegnitz with equal rights. This only changed in a comparison in 1876. Pegnitz was the district town of the Pegnitz district until it was dissolved in 1972 and Pegnitz became part of the Bayreuth district.

In 1890 the Pegnitzhütte iron foundry was established.

20th century

During the Second World War , 1790 forced laborers were employed at the Amag-Hilpert-Pegnitzhütte plant in Pegnitz . After the war, the city had an upward trend and is now a medium-sized center with a good 14,000 inhabitants.

On August 18, 1971, a CH-47 Chinook transport helicopter of the US Army crashed near Pegnitz. All 37 inmates were killed.

Incorporations

View from the Schloßberg to the Church of St. Bartholomew

On July 1, 1972, the previously independent communities of Buchau, Büchenbach, Körbeldorf and Penzenreuth were incorporated. On January 1, 1976 Bronn was added. Hainbronn, Leups and the Trockau market as well as areas of the dissolved communities of Elbersberg and Zips followed on May 1, 1978.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population decreased from 13,294 to 13,244 or by 0.4%. A peak was reached on December 31, 1995 with 14,447 inhabitants.

politics

City council

In the local elections in Bavaria in 2020 , the 24 seats of the city council were distributed as follows:

  • Christian Social Union (CSU): 6 seats
  • Pegnitz Community (PEG): 5 seats
  • Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD): 4 seats
  • Free voter community Pegnitz (FWG): 3 seats
  • Green and independent citizens (GU): 3 seats
  • Free voters Pegnitz (FW): 2 seats
  • Zukunft Pegnitz (ZP): 1 seat

Town twinning

Sister cities of Pegnitz are:

Economy and Infrastructure

In 1998, according to official statistics, there were 41 employees in the field of agriculture and forestry, 2,658 in the manufacturing sector and 657 in the field of trade and transport. In other economic sectors there were 1386 people. There were 4969 employees subject to social security contributions at the place of residence. In the manufacturing industry there were two companies, a KSB Aktiengesellschaft plant and the Baier und Köppel (BEKA) company, and nine in the construction industry.

Pegnitz was a mining town until December 31, 1967 . Iron ore was mined in the Kleiner Johannes mine and transported daily by rail to the Voestalpine steelworks in Linz .

Pflaums Posthotel was one of the leading luxury hotels in Germany for decades. The guests included u. a. Michael Jackson , Michail Gorbatschow , Andy Warhol and Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger as well as many classical musicians like James Levine and Leonard Bernstein . It closed in 2007 and has largely been abandoned.

traffic

Entrance building of the Pegnitz train station

Street

The federal highway 85 and the federal highway 2 , which connect to the federal highway 9 immediately to the west of the place, lead through Pegnitz .

rail

The Pegnitz train station is on the Nuremberg – Cheb railway line and usually offers hourly regional express connections to the regional train lines R 3 and R 4 in the direction of Nuremberg, Bayreuth, Hof and Cheb.

air traffic

Aircraft up to 2/4 t MTOW can be handled, loaded, unloaded and refueled at the Pegnitz-Zipser Berg airfield .

energy

The Büchenbach wind farm with four Vestas V112-3.0MW turbines was built in 2012/2013. With the purchase by the city of Pegnitz, it became the largest municipal wind farm in Bavaria. In the first year of operation, 26,037,914 kWh were generated. The Buchau wind farm with three Vestas V112-3.0MW turbines and the Körbeldorf wind farm with four turbines are planned as two further wind farms in the city. The city of Pegnitz has also decided to buy the second wind farm in Buchau for 13.5 million euros. Construction should start in summer 2015 and it should go into operation in March 2016. The share of renewable energy for 2013 was made up as follows: 29% wind energy, 0.13% hydropower, 7% photovoltaics and 5% bioenergy. The total power consumption was 81,568 megawatts.

Public facilities

Educational institutions

As a "school town", Pegnitz now offers all types of schools:

  • Primary school,
  • Christian-Sammet-Mittelschule (partially bound all-day school, secondary school leaving certificate, focus on music),
  • Realschule Pegnitz ,
  • Gymnasium Pegnitz , Gymnasium with student hostel (UNESCO project school),
  • Dr.-Dittrich-Förderschule,
  • Volkshochschule Pegnitz,

For childcare there are:

  • five kindergartens and
  • two day nurseries.

There are four technical schools :

  • Bavarian State Justice Academy,
  • State Hotel Management School,
  • State vocational school,
  • Vocational school for Eurohotelmanagement.

freetime and sports

St. Bartholomew Pegnitz
Old Town Hall
  • CabrioSol (heated outdoor and indoor pools),
  • uncovered artificial ice stadium, in which the EV Pegnitz Ice Dogs play,
  • Mini golf courses (ASV Pegnitz),
  • Bowling alley (ASV Pegnitz; 2 lanes),
  • Pegnitz City Library,
  • Agricultural nature trail,
  • Forest and beekeeping path,
  • Water management educational trail

Culture and sights

The Bavarian Iron Road that runs to Regensburg begins in Pegnitz . The entire preserved inner city center is a listed building as an ensemble .

Buildings

Memorial at the former pig market
  • Medieval town hall from 1347,
  • Zaussenmühle from 1450 with the Pegnitz spring,
  • Altenstadt Castle,
  • Schloßberg with observation tower from 1923,
  • Water mountain with karst wonder,
  • City parish church of St. Bartholomew (built in 1900),
  • Industrial monument mine tunnel Erwein II,
  • Herz-Jesu-Kirche, modern church by the architect Peter Leonhardt,
  • Burgruine Hollenberg , late medieval Office Castle , by Emperor Charles IV. Was built,
The lookout tower from 1923
  • Pirkenreuther Chapel , church ruins of the abandoned town of Pirkenreuth,
  • Büchenbach wind farm near Pegnitz.
  • Since 1982 there has been a memorial to a swineherd at the widened end of the main street, the former pig market.

Regular events

  • Pegnitz is known for its Christmas market and especially for the strong beer season "Flinderer". A strong beer is brewed exclusively for the period from April to mid-June, which is served in different restaurants on a weekly basis. This includes a rustic Franconian kitchen.
  • The Gregorifest takes place annually, which is mainly organized by the Pegnitz students.
  • From July to August the Pegnitz Summer Concerts take place in the old churches and other historical places. From solo concerts to chamber music in different casts, serenades to choir and orchestral concerts, they are an offer for many tastes.
  • The event "Waldstock free and outside " has existed since 1994 . The alternative open-air music festival attracts up to 4,000 visitors as well as numerous national and international young bands to the festival meadow on the Schlossberg every year in midsummer.
  • In Pegnitz there are annual concerts by the youth miners' band Pegnitz, the Bengatzer Buam, the KSB -Werkskapelle and the choir Lingua musica.

Franconian bratwurst summit

At the Franconian Bratwurst Summit in Pegnitz, butchers from all three Franconian administrative districts ( Upper Franconia , Middle Franconia , Lower Franconia ) have been competing in the categories "Classic Bratwurst" and "Creative Bratwurst". The overall winner from both categories will receive the coveted title of Franconian Bratwurst King . Because of the Corona crisis , the Bratwurst Summit 2020 could not take place as a major event like the 9th Bratwurst Summit 2019 with around 20,000 participants. Therefore, the organizer, the Association for the Promotion of Franconian Bratwurst Culture (VFFB), held the 1st day of the Franconian Bratwurst on July 25, 2020 as a replacement .

Culinary specialties

  • Flinderer (strong beer)
  • Pegnitzer beer bratwurst

Personalities

Born in Pegnitz

People related to the city

  • Norbert Josef Pitrof (1907–1995), painter and model railroader
  • Wilhelm Lai (1909–1943), resistance fighter in the time of National Socialism
  • Juliette Menke (* 1981), theater and television actress, was a member of the ensemble at Theater Schall und Rauch
  • Karolina Lodyga (* 1984), German actress

literature

Web links

Commons : Pegnitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Pegnitz  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Parish Pegnitz in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on January 5, 2020.
  3. ↑ Hans Vollet and Kathrin Heckel: The ruins drawings of the Plassenburg cartographer Johann Christoph Stierlein . 1987.
  4. ↑ When Hitler visited the devil's cave. In: Nordbayerischer Kurier of December 9, 2019, p. 15.
  5. ↑ Wikibase entry in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  6. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 549 .
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 675 to 677 .
  8. ^ Michael Petzet: Monuments in Bavaria: sub-series government districts / ensembles; Munich 1985–1991 (Lipp)
  9. ↑ https://www.pegnitz.de/kultur-brauchum/flinderer/. Retrieved June 12, 2018 .
  10. ↑ http://www.br.de/nachrichten/oberfranken/fraenkischer-bratwurstgipfel-pegnitz-100.html ( Memento from June 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ https://www.hwk-ufr.de/artikel/fraenkischer-bratwurstkoenig-2019-gekuert-78,0,5444.html
  12. ↑ https://www.nordbayern.de/region/pegnitz/franken-feiert-heute-erstmals-tag-der-frankischen-bratwurst-1.10244771
  13. ↑ https://www.fraenkische-bratwurstkultur.de/abstimmung-2020/
  14. ↑ nordbayern.de, Nuremberg, Germany: Karolina Lodyga from the new Pegnitz plays with the Franconian crime scene - culture - nordbayern.de. In: www.nordbayern.de. Retrieved August 31, 2016 .