Bělčice
| Bělčice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Strakonice | ||||
| Area : | 3432 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 30 ' N , 13 ° 53' E | ||||
| Height: | 526 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 981 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 387 43 | ||||
| License plate : | C. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Blatná - Březnice | ||||
| Railway connection: | Březnice – Strakonice | ||||
| Next international airport : | České Budějovice Airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 7th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Vejšický (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | nám. J. Kučery 17 387 42 Lnáře |
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| Municipality number: | 550817 | ||||
| Website : | www.belcice.cz | ||||
Bělčice [ ˈbjɛlt͡ʃɪt͡sɛ ] (German Bielschitz , also Bieltschitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located nine kilometers north of Blatná and eight kilometers southwest of Březnice in South Bohemia and belongs to the Okres Strakonice .
geography
Geographical location
Bělčice is located on the left side above the valley of the Závišínský potok on a plateau in the Central Bohemian hill country . In the north rise the Panský vrch (562 m), the Holý vrch (599 m) and the Špalková hora (620 m), to the east the Drahenický vrch (615 m), in the southwest the Bělčická hora (558 m) and the Kněžská hora (565 m), the Slepičí hora (557 m) to the west and the Mumlín (602 m) and the Stráž (638 m) to the northwest. Towards the southwest lies the Velký bělčický rybník, to the west the ponds Stodoliště and Hrádek, and to the northwest the Hluboký rybník. The state road II / 174 runs through Bělčice between Lnáře and Březnice, on the eastern edge of the village the Březnice – Strakonice railway runs through the valley of the Závišínský potok.
Community structure
The municipality consists of the districts Bělčice Bělčice ( Bielschitz ) Hostišovice ( Hoschowitz ) Podruhlí ( Podruchli ) Tisov ( Tisow , 1939-45: Eibenhof ) Újezdec ( Aujestetz ) Záhrobí ( Sachrob ) and Závišín ( Zawieschin ), the settlements Chaloupky and Hutě ( iron hammer ) and the monolayer Na Hůrce ( Hurecka ) Netušilův Mlýn, Mlýn Jurkův, Ovčín, Štěpánka and Vratečín.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns are Vratečín, Vacíkov, Nová Luka, Volenice and Slavětín in the north, Hudčice and Koupě in the northeast, Stranohoří, Draheničky and Svučice in the east, Na Hůrce, Chaloupky, Podruhlí , Hostišovice and Černívsko , Drahenovice and Černívsko, Chalickoupýín in the southeast, Chalickoupýín in the south, Hutě and Hornosín in the southwest, Netušilův Mlýn, Štěpánka, Újezdec and Březí in the west and Záhrobí , Jaršův Mlýn, Jamky, Vratečín, Hvožďany and Leletice in the northwest.
history
Bělčice arose on an old trade route called the Golden Path , which led from the Bohemian Forest via Sušice , Kadov , Kocelovice to Březnice and Prague . To the west of the village there was a fortress on the hill Hrádek, which was the seat of the Vladiken or Knights of Bělčice. According to a record in the estate of the chronicler Jaroslav Stehlík, Duke Friedrich was supposed to give the hospital of St. John the Cross of St. Maria ( Křížovníků Svatomařských ) in Strakonice confirmed the possession of the village Bělčice, which had been given to the hospital by Vršislav, their son Helia.
The first secured document mention of Bělčice took place in 1243 as the seat of Vladiken Petr von Bělčice and his brothers. Ten years later Heřman von Bělčice was mentioned, and from 1316 to 1320 Bašek von Bělčice was mentioned as the owner. Between 1345 and 1349, Oldřich Jahodka, who was in the service of the archbishop, was the owner of the Bělčice fortress, and from 1356 together with the brothers Bruno, Jan and Bušek from Bělčice. Four years later, Bušek von Bělčice was the sole owner of the estate. With him the era of the Knights of Bělčice ended.
Before 1375, the widow of Wilhelm von Strakonitz , Margarethe von Sternberg, bought the Bělčice estate. The following owners were between 1389 and 1406 the brothers Zbyněk and Bohuněk von Lochovice, then until 1418 Markvart von Těchařovice auf Bělčice. He was followed by the brothers Petr, Přech and Jan von Konratice, who also used the title of Bělčice. After the outbreak of the Hussite Wars , the fortress of Bělčice, the mill, the village and the church were burned down in 1421 by the army of Jan Žižka on the move against Třemšín. At that time, Jiřík von Běšin bought the estate from the Konratice brothers and made Bělčice his seat. The lords of Běšin had Bělčice rebuilt; the old fortress Hrádek remained desolate, the new manor was built in the middle of the village at Ve dvoře . Jindřich Jeptiška von Běšin had Bělčice raised to a town in 1484. He owned the estate until 1519 and founded the main line of the Běšin von Běsin family with his wife Monika von Čachrov. He was followed by his sons Jan, Jindřich, Burjan and Vácslav, who shared the property in 1528. Burjan bought the shares of his brothers Jan and Jindřich in 1537, he also bought the village Hornosín and a mill in Závišín. In 1539 he signed his will to his brother Vácslav, who became the sole owner of the estate. In 1541 the town consisted of 35 properties. A brewery was mentioned for the first time the following year. In 1549, King Ferdinand I renewed the city privileges that had been lost in a fire and the right to hold four annual fairs. In 1556, in a letter of majesty, he gave Vácslav Běšin von Běsin the right to carry a city coat of arms and to seal it with green wax. In 1566 Vácslav's wife Žofie Běšínová von Bříza died. Vácslav Běšin von Běsin set his son Jindřich in his will in 1568 as the universal heir of his goods and was buried in the Bělčice church in 1570. Jindřich Běšin von Běsin wrote over half of the town and the village of Závišín including a mill to his wife Eliška Vřesová from Vřesovice in 1575. In 1594 he put his children in his will as heirs of the fortresses Bělčice and Záluží and bequeathed the village of Záluží and the mills Závišínský and Kotěšovcův mlýn to his wife. When Jindřich Běšin died in 1597, he did not leave any descendants, so that his and his wife Erbe, who died in 1598, jointly went to Zdenko von Běšin auf Uzenice , Bedřich von Běšin auf Svučice, Smil von Běšin and Wolf Nowohradský von Kolowrat . Smil von Běšin took over Bělčice and released his co-heirs. In 1600 he gave half of the rule to his wife Anna von Buková as a morning gift. After Anna's death, he married Sophie Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and in 1612 gave her the fortune and one half of the town of Bělčice. In 1623 Smil von Běšin sold his half of Bělčice including the farm and the village of Závišín for 26,000 Meissniche shock to Jaroslaw Wolf Mitrowitz from Sternberg on Schluesselburg and Kladruby . He then acquired the share of Sophie Czernin for 2000 shock and added Bělčice to his rule in Schlüsselburg. In 1632 he appointed his wife Maximiliane Veronika von Švihov as his heiress for life and then appointed his daughter Eva Johanna as heiress. He died in 1635, his widow Maximiliane Veronika in 1650. Since 1636, the Eliáš malting can be traced. Eva Johanna Mitrowitz von Sternberg, married Countess Trauttmansdorff , sold the lordship of Schluesselburg with all accessories in 1663 to Aleš Ferdinand Wratislaw von Mitrowitz . In 1675, his daughters sold all their goods to Humprecht Johann Czernin von Chudenitz . Since 1672 there was a school in Bělčice. In 1682 the property fell to his son Thomas Zachäus Czernin von Chudenitz. In 1700 he left the rule to his widow Susanne Renate von Martinic , who married Leopold von Auersperg in 1703 . Susanne Renate also survived her second husband. In 1707 she handed over the rule to her first-wed daughter Maria Gabriela Czernin von Chudenitz, whose administration her husband Wenzel Joseph Count Lažanský von Buggau ( Lažanští z Bukové ) took over on Manětín . After he died in 1715, his mother-in-law took the property back under her wing. When she died two years later, an inheritance dispute broke out between her daughters, which was finally settled in favor of Maria Josepha Czernin von und zu Chudenitz, who transferred the rule to her husband Leopold Joseph Count Künigl von Ehrenburg and Wartha. His son Sebastian Count Künigl von Ehrenburg and Wartha sold Schluesselburg in 1745 to Franz Karl Rudolf Count von Swéerts-Sporck . He also had schoolmasters and compans ( kumpány ) deployed in the surrounding villages . In 1757 his son Johann Franz Christian Swéerts-Sporck inherited the property. He was followed in 1802 by his son Joseph Swéerts-Sporck, who sold Schluesselburg on February 18, 1804 to the secularized Prince-Bishop of Passau, Leopold Leonhard von Thun and Hohenstein . This sold the rule on November 6, 1804 to Johann Franz Freiherr Linker von Lützenwick . After his death in 1811 his son Clemens Wenceslaus Graf Linker von Lützenwick inherited the lordship of Schluesselburg and the Schiwotitz estate . In 1818 the old school burned down. In the years 1822 to 1823 a new stone schoolhouse was built. The privileges of Bělčice in 1783 and 1793 were again confirmed and expanded by the emperors Joseph II and Franz I.
In 1840 the subservient market Bieltschitz / Bělčice consisted of 82 houses with 653 inhabitants. The parish church dedicated to St. Apostles Peter and Paul, the parish and a school. There was also a town hall, a market judge , a Meierhof and a retreat in the village . The Zdenin sheep farm and the single-layer Slepičj Hora, which consists of three Dominikal cottages, were located apart. To the west of Bieltschitz was the desert castle Hradek, of which only the moat has survived. Bieltschitz was the parish for Augezdetz ( Újezdec ), Hornosyn , Zawieschin ( Závišín ), Kaupy , Slawětin ( Slavětín ), Zahroby ( Záhrobí ) and Podruhly ( Podruhlí ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Bieltschitz was one of the two markets of the Schluesselburg rule, along with Kassegowitz .
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Bělčice / Bieltschitz from 1850, a market town in the district administration and the judicial district Blatná. On April 17, 1858, a city fire destroyed 45 houses in Bělčice and a farm yard. On December 23, 1898, Bělčice was elevated to town. In 1899 the Březnice – Strakonice railway started operating. In 1911 the mayor Karel Klima founded a quarry with other partners. The granite works, located near the railway, was siding and employed 190 workers before the First World War. In 1921 the citizen school was inaugurated. In the same year "bělčické rohlíčky", a local variety of potatoes, was sold for the first time. The driveway to the train station was expanded to the street in the 1920s and single-family houses were built. In 1948 Bělčice lost its town charter. In the course of the abolition of the Okres Blatná Bělčice was assigned to the Okres Strakonice in 1960. Újezdec and Závišín (with Hutě) were incorporated on November 26, 1971, on January 1, 1974 Tisov and Záhrobí followed. On April 1, 1976 Hostišovice was incorporated (with Podruhlí and Chaloupky). Bělčice has been a town again since 2015.
Culture and sights
- Parish church of St. Peter and Paul, the originally Romanesque building was redesigned in the late Gothic style around 1240. According to the construction books, it was already a parish church in 1384. After a further renovation, it was consecrated again on September 1, 1515 by the auxiliary bishop of Olomouc. A 17 m high bell tower was built on the north side of the church in 1694. In the years 1863–1868, a new 39 m high, free-standing neo-Gothic bell tower was built in front of the west side of the ship facing the market and the old bell tower was removed. Under the pentagonal presbytery there is a vaulted cellar built in 1551.
- Market ( nám. J. Kučery ) with town hall, baroque statues of St. Barbara and Johannes von Nepomuk as well as a fountain from 1545. The old town hall, built around 1560, was destroyed in the town fire of 1858 and the current one was built in its place.
- Ladislav Stehlík's birth house, with a memorial to the painter and writer
- Celtic ramparts on the hill west of Štěpánka
- Hrádek castle from the 13th century, southeast of the pond of the same name
- Motocross track on the east bank of the Hrádek
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Ladislav Stehlík (1908–1987), writer and painter. His grave is in the local cemetery.
- Jaroslav Stehlík (1917–1955), folklorist and chronicler, brother of Ladislav Stehlík
Lived and worked in Bělčice
- Jindřich Kučera (1867–1934), the mycologist , botanist and author; worked as a teacher in Bělčice from 1898 until his death. After him is the nám. J. Kučery named.
literature
- Jaroslav Stehlík: Z kroniky města Bělčic. 1: O kostelích sv. Petra a Pavla v Bělčicích, sv. Voršily v Újezdci ao bývalém poutním mariánském místě na vrchu Javorý. Občané města, Bělčice 1945.
- Jaroslav Stehlík: Město Bělčice - obraz praehistorický a historický. (Unfinished manuscript).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 8: Prachiner Circle. Calve, Prague 1840, pp. 146-147.
