Bremen citizenship from 1854 to 1933: election results and members

The Bremen citizenship has been the state parliament of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen since 1849 . The list of members (MdBB) is only a selection of well-known MPs.

History before 1854

→ Main article : Bremen Council

→ Main article : Bremen Citizens' Convention

Until 1848 the community tried to control the pre-democratic senate, which emerged from the council of the medieval estates, through the Bremen Citizens' Convention and the parents in Bremen (head of the merchants). After the revolution of 1848/49 a new Bremen constitution was enacted in 1849 and the first Bremen citizenship was elected on March 29, 1849.

The Senate had used every means of power to crush the democratic movement from 1848 to 1850. However, the Senate did not succeed in reintroducing all of its old privileges. This was followed in 1852 by a restorative Senate election law with Bremen's eight-class suffrage. A new constitution was passed in 1854, which remained in force until the November 1918 Revolution. In 1854, the new Bremen constitution manifested this conservative right to vote. Since 1852/54, the Senate, as the highest executive body, and the citizenry jointly determined the selection of Bremen's senators .

Citizenship from 1854 to 1918

In 1854 universal and equal suffrage could not be enforced. Half of the 150 members of the citizenship (MdBB) had to resign every three years; however, re-election was possible. Only all male citizens who had taken the Bremen citizen oath (the jury ) were eligible to vote . Voting was done according to the eight-class suffrage . From 1852/1854 or from 1894, depending on the class, those eligible to vote could elect a different number of citizenship members:

class	Eligible voters	Seats 1854	Seats 1894
1st Class	Voters with an academic background	16	14th
2nd Class	Merchants with Chamber of Commerce voting rights	48	40
3rd grade	Tradespeople with the right to choose a trade chamber	24	20th
4th grade	Remaining voters; up to 1894 staggered according to income: over 500 thalers, 250 thalers to 500 and under 250 thalers per 10 MPs	30th	48
5th grade	Voters living in Vegesack	6th	4th
6th grade	Voters residing in Bremerhaven	6th	8th
7th grade	Voters with the right to vote in the Chamber of Agriculture	10	8th
8th grade	Voters residing in the rest of the country	10	8th

The votes of 17 voters in the 1st to 3rd class had the same significance as the votes of 297 voters in the 4th class, based on the proportion of the population. Since the fourth grade was so drastically restricted in their right to vote, the rule of the upper class was secured. The senators continued to be elected for life. In practice, many poorer residents could not acquire citizenship because of the registration fee and therefore had no right to vote. Thus, until 1918, broad sections of the population in Bremen were not involved in the parliamentary process of political participation - in 1911 not even a third of the Reichstag voters were entitled to vote in the citizenship elections. The grouping and political work of the MPs within the citizenry through the political parties was largely unknown until 1918, apart from a certain influence of the SPD.

Members of the citizenry from 1848/49 to 1918

This list is an incomplete selection in chronological order. In the 19th century, many mostly bourgeois MPs were mostly non-party. The eight-class suffrage was introduced in 1854

Surname	job	time	class	Political party	Remarks
Johann Georg Claussen	Merchant	1848–?	6th		Bremerhaven
Johann Hinrich Eitz	Building contractor	1849–?	6th
Christian Friedrich Feldmann	Pedagogue	1849		liberal	President of the City Council, 1849–1878 Senator
Johann Höpken	Merchant	1849–?	2.
Gustav Kulenkampff	Merchant	1849-1854	2.		Co-founder of the North German Lloyd
Hermann Henrich Meier	Merchant	1849–?	2.		Co-founding of the North German Lloyd
Johannes Rösing	Merchant	1848–1862 †	2.	liberal
Nikolaus Ordemann	Writer, newspaper publisher	around from 1849–?		liberal
Henrich Levin Rogge	Merchant	1849-1852	2.		Marie Rogge's husband
Melchior Schwoon	Entrepreneur	1849–?
Johann Heinrich Thätjenhorst	cartographer	1849-1851			previously in the citizens' convention
Johann Wetzel	builder	1849 -
Cord Wischmann	Master carpenter	1849-1852		liberal	Vice-President of the City Council, 1855–1857 Vice-President of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce
Johann Hermann Holler	Merchant	1852-1861	2.		Bürgerpark co-founder
Franz Tecklenborg	Merchant	1853-1886	2.
Carsten Waltjen	Merchant	1853-1873	2.		Co-founder of Werft AG Weser
Jeremias Theodor Boisselier	jurist	1854-1860	6th
Arthur Breusing	geographer	after 1854
Johann Christoph Dubbers	Merchant	1854-18?	2.
Alfred Dominicus Pauli	jurist	1854-1872	1.		from 1872 senator, later mayor
Johann Heinrich Volkmann	Teacher	1854-1865	1.
Henrich Levin Rogge	Merchant	1844–1858 †	2.
Johann Eberhard Ludewig Pavenstedt	jurist	1856–1889 †	1.
Wilhelm Dethard Motz	Teacher	1859-1865
Johann Heinrich von Lengerke	jurist	around from 1860	1.		from 1870 member of the Lippe estates
Alexander Georg Mosle	Merchant	1864-1878	2.	NLP	from 1874 member of the Reichstag
Hermann Albert Schumacher	jurist	1865-1872	1.		from 1872 Prime Minister in Colombia
Wilhelm Hertzberg	Teacher	around 1865–?
Christoffer Wessel Debbe	Teacher	around 1866-18			MdBB for 27 years
Jeremias Theodor Boisselier	jurist	1866-1864	1.		from 1864 public prosecutor
Albert Groening	jurist	1867-1871	1.		from 1871 senator, later mayor
Johann Depken	farmer	1867–	7th	NLP	from 1898 member of the Reichstag
Philipp Heineken	Merchant	from around 1867–?	2.		from 1909 NDL - general director
Christoph Hellwig Papendieck	Merchant	1868–1891 †	2.		1882 President of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce
Johannes C. Achelis	Merchant	1872-1891	2.		Senator from 1891
Alfred Feldmann	Entrepreneur	1872-18?	3.		From 1881 also President of the Chamber of Commerce
Carl Jasper Oelrichs	jurist	1872-1878	1.		Senator from 1878
Constantin Bulle	Teacher	1872-1887		DFP	from 1887 member of the Reichstag
John's rib	architect	around 1872–?
Daniel Georg Volkmann	banker	1873–1892 †	2.
Carl Georg Barkhausen	jurist	1875-1879	1.		from 1879 senator, later mayor
Karl FH Stadtländer	jurist	1877-1890	1.	NLP	from 1890 senator, later mayor
Emil Fitger	Kaufmann, editor-in-chief	1879–1817 †	2.
Hermann Hildebrand	jurist	1879-1885	1.		from 1885 senator, later mayor
Wilhelm Müller-Erzbach	Teacher	1880-1884
Johann Meyer	baker	1881–?	4th	SAP	first elected social democrat
Wilhelm Hurm	doctor	after 1880–?
Friedrich Achelis	Merchant	1882–	2.		from 1900 President of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce
Hermann Gebhard	Lawyer, City Manager	1884-18?	6th		1884-1891 also member of the Reichstag
five SAP representatives		from 1884	4th	SAP
Adolf Bosse	captain	1884-1890, 1895-1896	4th	SAP
Friedrich Kollra	Cigar maker	1884-1896		SAP / SPD
Friedrich Rohr	Print shop owner	1884–1888, 1901–1908, 1912/13 †	5.		1888–1900 City Director of Vegesack
Christian Gottlieb	editor	1887-1893	4th	SPD
Heinrich Hashagen	Innkeeper	1887-1890	4th	SAP
Johann Meier	baker	1887-1890	4th	SAP
Erich Sanders	Bricklayer	1887-1893	4th	SPD
Johann Smidt	Merchant	1889-19?	2.
Martin Donandt	jurist	1891-1898	1.		from 1898 senator, later mayor
Bernhard Loose	banker	around 1890	2.
Friedrich Nebelthau	jurist	1891-1898	2.		from 1900 senator
Clemens Carl Buff	jurist	1892-1895	1.		from 1895 senator, later mayor
Hermann Young	Tobacco workers	1893-1896, 1902-1918	4th	SPD
Lambert Leisewitz	Merchant	1893-1899	2.		1897 President of the Chamber of Commerce
Theodor Lürman	jurist	1896-1903	1.		from 1903 senator
Christian Blome	Tobacco workers	1896-1918	4th	SPD
Heinrich Hartmann	k. A.	1896-1908	4th	SPD
Heinrich Bömers	Merchant	1897-1909	2.	NLP / DVP	from 1909 senator
Hinrich Hormann	Teacher	1897-1907	4th		from 1907 member of the Reichstag (FVP)
Heinrich Johann Barthel	carpenter	1899-1905	4th	SPD
August Behrens	k. A.	1899-1905	4th	SPD
Friedrich Ebert	Saddler and innkeeper	1899-1905	4th	SPD	1900–1905 parliamentary group leader, 1919 President of the Reich
Johann Imwolde	Schumacher	1899–1915 †	4th	SPD
Johann Kruse	locksmith	1899-1918	4th	SPD
Gustav Rassow	Merchant	1899-1907	2.		from 1907 senator, later mayor
Hermann Rhein	typesetter	1899-1918	4th	SPD	1905–1918 parliamentary group chairman, later senator
Josef Ulmer	cutter	1899-1905	4th	SPD
Johann Voigt	Woodworker	1899-1918	4th	SPD
Gerhard Wegener	Master mason	1899-1905	4th	SPD
Georg Kunoth	Composer, journalist	1900-1918
Adolf Vinnen	Shipowner	1900-1918	2.
Ernst Engeland	Coppersmith	1902-1908	4th	SPD
Carl Louis Klawitter	Bookseller	1902-1918	4th	SPD / USPD
Hermann Mähr	Carpenter	1902-1904	4th	SPD
Heinrich Meyer	jurist	1902-1907	1.		from 1907 senator
Friedrich Rose	Book printer	1902-1918	4th	SPD
Aloys Rosenlehner	Book printer	1902-1908	4th	SPD
Rudolph Quidde	jurist	1902-1918	1.		1911 to 1918 President of the City Council
Carl Stichnath	Master chimney sweep	1902-1918	4th		from 1920 Senator (DDP)
Ludwig Waigand	typesetter	1902-1918	4th	SPD	from 1920 member of the Reichstag
Heinrich Struckmann	Cigar sorter	1902–1906 (†)	4th	SPD
Johann Donath	Book printer	1904-1905, 1908-1918	4th
Wilhelm Pieck	carpenter	1905-1910	4th	SPD	from 1910 in Berlin, 1949 President of the GDR
Rudolph Feuss	Teacher	1905-1910	4th	?	from 1910 senator
Emil Rauch	Tobacco workers	1905-1911	4th	SPD
Theodor Spitta	jurist	1905-1911	1.		from 1911 senator, from 1920 mayor
Heinrich Tiedermann	Tobacco workers	1905-1918	4th	SPD
Alfred Henke	Cigar workers	1907-1918	4th	SPD
Hermann Apelt	jurist	1908-1917	1.	liberal	Senator from 1917
Wilhelm Schröder	painter	1908-1918	4th	SPD
Friedrich Stöxen	engraver	1908-1918	4th	SPD
Johann Wellmann	Blacksmith	1908-1918	4th	SPD
Friedrich Karl Biermann	Merchant	1909-1911	2.	?	from 1911 senator
Carl Dietz	Teacher	1909-1918		NLP	after 1918 also MdBB
Erich Koch-Weser	jurist	1909-1913	1.		from 1913 in the Prussian mansion , later Reich Minister
Wilhelm Koenenkamp	Silk merchant	1910-1918	2.
Wilhelm Holzmeier	Teacher	1911–1917 †	4th	SPD
Karl Behle	Turn	1912-1918	4th	SPD
Wilhelm Boehmert	jurist	1912-1918	1.	FVP
Richard Dark	Merchant	1912-1918	2.	liberal	1918 DDP
Bernhard Rieke	Ship carpenter	1915-1918	4th	SPD
Carl Gruner	Merchant	1916-1918	2.		Senator from 1919 to 1924
Ludwig Schlueter	carpenter	1917-1918	4th	SPD
Friedrich Klenke	Transport workers	1918	4th	SPD

Bremen National Assembly 1919/1920

In the Bremen National Assembly , constituent assembly for the state of Bremen according to the elections of February 10, 1919, 200 MPs, who had to be 20 years old, were elected in the four constituencies City (166 deleg.), Land (17 deleg.), Vegesack ( 3 copies) and Bremerhaven (14 copies). For the first time women were able to exercise their right to vote for Bremen. 18 women were elected. 15 MPs came from Bremerhaven (marked with Bh).

Members arranged according to parties

List (selection):

• MSPD : 67 mandates (32.7%) with u. a. Rita Bardenheuer , Karl Behle , also Senator, Wilhelm Blase , Christian Blome , Ludwig Christians , Karl Deichmann also Mayor, Johann Donath also Senator, Heinrich Eckermanns (Bh), Gottlob Fauth , Erna Frank , Anton Geiger (Bh), Albert Götze , Hanna Harder , Bernhard Heinzler , Georg Hoskamp (Bh), Max Jahn , Elisabeth Jensen (Bh), Hermann Junge , Age President, Clara Jung Mittag , Wilhelm Kleemann (Bh), Friedrich Klenke , Vice President, Johann Kruse , Hans Ernst Christian Lüdeking , Hermann Mähr , Hermann Mester , Friedrich Peine from 1920 members of the Reichstag, Hermann Rhein , Bernhard Rieke , Bernhard Roßmann also senator, Wilhelm Schelter , Wilhelm Schindelhauer , Ludwig Schlueter also senator, Wilhelm Schröder , August Stampe (Bh) also senator, Friedrich Stöxen also senator, Heinrich Tiedermann , Ludwig Waigand , Carl Winkelmann also senator, Johann Wellmann also senator

• USPD : 38 mandates (19.2%) with u. a. Hermann Ahsendorf , Friedrich Amelung , Erich Caspar , Alfred Faust , Burchard Fritsch , August Hagedorn , Alfred Henke , Alwin Kerrl , Jürgen Kühl , Rudolph Künkler , Johann Ludewig , Bernard Meyer , Karl Rogge (Bh), Hinrich Schmalfeldt (Bh), Wilhelm Schmidt (Politician, 1883) , Hermann Schulze , Emil Sommer , Emil Spindler , Anna Stiegler

• KPD : 15 mandates (7.7%) with u. a. Hermann Böse , Clemens Cunis , Oskar Eichentopf , Elise Kesselbeck , Johann Knief († 1919); Josef Miller . On August 22, 1919, all communists resigned from the National Assembly.

• DDP : 39 mandates (19.9%) with u. a. Karl Adam (Bh), Minna Bahnson , Waldemar Becké (Bh), Wilhelm Böhmert , Johannes Cordes (Bh), Ernst Degenhardt , Richard Dunkel , President of the Citizenship, Agnes Heineken , Hinrich Hormann , Eduard Gerberding (Bh), Carl Karrenberg , Georg Kunoth , Sigmund Meyer , Henny Möhring (Bh), Theodor Spitta , Hermann Wenhold , Meta Sattler , Carl Stichnath , Hermann Tjaden , Bernhard Wilckens

• DVP and DNVP as list German People's Party and German National People's Party : 27 seats (13.4%) with u. a. Hermann Apelt , Heinrich Bömers , Wilhelm Buchholz (Bh), Carl Dietz , Johann Depken , Alfred Gildemeister , Carl Gruner also Senator, Carsten Karkmeyer , Georg Madrian (Bh), Mathilde Plate , Verena Rodewald , Adolf Vinnen

• CVP (Christian People's Party): 3 seats
• List of traders : 9 mandates
• List of employees : 2 mandates

Citizenship from 1920 to 1933

A parliamentary constitution came into force on May 18, 1920, which was in force until 1933. All women and men over 20 years of age could be elected in immediate, direct, equal and secret voting. Elections were held in 1920, 1921, 1923, 1924, 1927 and 1930. The turnout varied between 77.8 and 84.5%. The MPs only received allowances.

Number of members sorted by parties

From 1920 to 1930 the citizenry had 120 members (MdBB), in 1933 there were 96:

• 1920: USPD 37, DVP 25, SPD 22, DDP 18, DNVP 7, Economic Associations (WV) 6, KPD 5
• 1921: DVP 30, SPD 28, USPD 23, DDP 21, DNVP 7, KPD 6, WV 5
• 1923: SPD 36, DVP 26, KPD 18, DDP 16, DNVP 12, List of the German Volkische Freiheitspartei and NSDAP 7, WV 5
• 1924: SPD 46, DVP 19, DDP 14, DNVP 10, KPD 9, homeowners 8, National Socialist Freedom Movement 4, DVP and DNVP Bremerhaven 4, German Center Party 2, Land Reformer 1, State Electoral Association Bremen-Landgebiet 2, Civic Association Vegesack 1
• 1927: SPD 50, list DVP-DNVP-National-Socialist Freedom Movement, Economic Association 35, DDP 12, KPD 10, house owner 10, center 2, Heim und Scholle (soil reformer) 1
• 1930: SPD 40, NSDAP 32, DVP 15, KPD 12, DNVP 6, homeowner 5, state party (ex DDP) 5, center 2, Reichspartei (economic party) (ex WV) 2, conservative people's party (KVP) 1
• 1933 (96 ed.): SPD 32, NSDAP 32, combat front black-white-red (ex DNVP) 13, KPD 12, DVP 6, center 1 (new citizenship after the result of the Reichstag election of March 5, 1933)

Members arranged according to parties

The list (selection) is still incomplete; the 26 MPs from Bremerhaven are marked with (Bh):

Left parties

• KPD : Rudolf Martin Argus 1921–1927; Gesine Becker 1920–1930; Richard Boelke 1920-1924; Hans Brodmerkel 1923–1925?; Adolf Dannat 1920/21; Wilhelm Deisen 1922–1924 and 1927–1929; Adolf Ehlers 1923–1927; Oskar Eichentopf , 1939-1933; Luise Eildermann , 1930/31; Johannes Firl (Bh) 1923/24; Elise Kesselbeck 1920–1923; Wilhelm Knigge only in 1933; Josef Miller 1920–1923, parliamentary group chairman until 1921, from 1928 member of the Reichstag; Hermann Osterloh 1922–1928; Käthe Popall (as Käthe Lübeck) 1930–1931; Hermann Prüser 1928–1933; Walter Werner (KPD) (Bh) 1930–1933; Karl Trieschmann (Bh) 1933.

• USPD : Friedrich Amelung 1920-1922; Erich Caspar 1920–1921; Alfred Faust 1920–1922; Burchard Fritsch 1920-1922; Albert Götze 1920–1922; Alwin Kerrl 1920-1922; Jürgen Kühl 1920–1922; Rudolph Künkler 1920–1921, parliamentary group chairman; Johann Ludewig 1920–1922; Bernard Meyer 1920-1922; Charlotte Niehaus 1920–1922; Carl Rogge (Bh) 1920/21; Hinrich Schmalfeldt (Bh) 1920–1822; Wilhelm Schmidt (politician, 1883) 1920–1922; Hermann Schulze 1920–1922; Franz Starker 1920–1922; Anna Stiegler 1920–1922; Emil Theil 1921–1922, parliamentary group chairman; Dierk Töbelmann only in 1920; Otto Zießler 1920/21

• SPD : August Ahrens 1922–1927, from 1939 in Hamburg; Friedrich Amelung 1922/23; Rita Bardenheuer 1920–1922; Hermine Berthold 1930-1933; Wilhelm Blase 1921–1930; Josef Böhm 1923–1930; Heinrich Brandt (Bh) 1933; Erich Caspar 1924-1933; Karl Deichmann 1920–1928, then senator until 1931; August Deppe 1927-1933; Johann Donath 1920–1930; Oskar Drees 1928-1933; Heinrich Eckermanns (Bh) 1920–1933, 1924–1933, Bremerhaven; Karl Engelhardt 1924–1930; Max Ethe 1924-1933; Alfred Faust 1922–1933; Gottlob Fauth 1920-1924; Emil Felden 1921–1922, then a member of the Reichstag; Erna Frank 1920–1921; Burchard Fritsch 1922-1933; Bruno Gerstmayr (Bh) 1933; Johann Glade 1923-1930; Albert Götze 1922–1933; Hans Hackmack only in 1933; August Hagedorn 1922–1933; Hanna Harder 1920-1933; Joachim Harms 1921–1923, 1924–1930; Heinrich Hartmann 1923–1933; Arthur Haupt 1928-1933; Bernhard Heinzler 1920–1927; Friedrich Henke 1924–1933; Gerhard van Heukelum (Bh) 1928–1933, Max Jahn 1924–1933, March 1933 President of the Citizenship; Elisabeth Jensen (Bh) 1920–1924 †; Clara young noon 1920–1933; Wilhelm Kaisen 1920–1928, then senator; Alwin Kerrl 1922-1924; Ludwig Klatte 1933; Wilhelm Kleemann (Bh) 1922–1928, then Senator; Friedrich Klenke 1920–1933, Vice President; Jürgen Kühl 1922/23, 1924–1930; Hans Ernst Christian Lüdeking 1920–1930, Vice President; Johann Ludewig 1922-1933; Helene Magarin (Bh) 1924-1933; Hermann Mester 1920–1933; Bernard Meyer 1922-1933; Heinz Meyer 1933; Charlotte Niehaus 1922–1933; Franz Still 1927–1933; Hermann Osterloh 1930–1932; Johann Osterloh 1923–1931, 1931 President of the City Council; Christian Paulmann 1930–1933; Hermann Rhein 1920–1928; Bernhard Rieke 1921–1923, 1925–1927; Bernhard Roßmann 1920–1930; Wilhelm Schelter 1920–1927; Wilhelm Schindelhauer 1920–1927; Ludwig Schlüter 1920–1930; Hinrich Schmalfeldt (Bh) 1922–1930; Wilhelm Schmidt (politician, 1883) 1922–1933; Willy Schramm 1930-1933; Hermann Schulze 1922–1933; Oskar Schulze 1927–1933; Oskar Schwarz 1924–1930; Emil Spindler 1923–1933; Franz Starker 1922-1923, 1927-1933; Anna Stiegler 1922-1933; Emil Theil 1922–1933, parliamentary group chairman; Ludwig Waigand 1920–1923 †, from 1920 also member of the Reichstag; Johann Wellmann 1920–1923; Otto Zießler 1927–1930

Liberal parties

• DDP : Carl Adam (Bh) 1920-1924; Johann Diedrich Allerheiligen 1920–1925, then Senator; Minna Bahnson 1920-1933; Waldemar Becké (Bh) 1920–1933; Wilhelm Böhmert 1920–1930; Ernst Degenhardt 1920–1921; Richard Dunkel 1920–1930, President of the Citizenship; Agnes Heineken 1920-1921 and 1923-1930; Theophil Kaufmann 1925–1927; Georg Kunoth 1920-1924; Sigmund Meyer only senator from 1920 until 1928; Guste Schepp 1930–1933; Gottfried Schurig 1920–1924 and 1928–1930, Theodor Spitta only 1920, then senator; Hermann Tjaden 1920– ?; Hermann Wenhold 1930–1933, parliamentary group chairman

• DVP (also People's Party ): Hermann Apelt only in 1920 then Senator; Philipp Behrens 1924–1926; Diedrich Bockhoop (Bh) 1924–1933; Emil Boy-Ed (Bh) 1923/24; Carl Dietz 1920–1933, parliamentary group chairman; Constantin Frick 1931-1933; Alfred Gildemeister 1920–1927; Ernst Hintzmann 1920–1928, then a member of the Reichstag; Carsten Karkmeyer 1920-1933; Elisabeth Lürssen 1920–1927 and 1930–1933; Georg Madrian (Bh) 1920-1923; Bernhard Noltenius 1920–1923 and 1933; Adolf Oppermann (Bh) 1920–1930; Verena Rodewald 1920–1933; Anton Schumacher (Bh), 1921–1930; Albert von Spreckelsen only in 1920, then senator; Carl Detmar Stahlknecht 1920–1925, 1930–1933, 1925–1928 senator; Otto Steengrafe 1920–1927; Arthur Ulrich 1920–1933; Heinrich Wolf (Bh) 1924–1933; Carl Wuppesahl 1927–1933
• Bremen working group: Elisabeth Lürssen 1927–1930, Otto Steengrafe 1927–1930

Right-wing parties

• KVP : 1930 a mandate:?
• National standard list : Gerjet Poppinga (Bh) 1930–1933
• Black-white-red battle front: Gerjet Poppinga 1933.
• DNVP : Cecilie Brickenstein 1930-1933; Clemens Carl Buff 1920–1927, previously mayor; Otto Flohr 1931–1933, then senator; Friedrich Carl Marwede 1923/24, CDU delegate after 1953; Mathilde Plate 1920-1933; Franz Schlunk 1920–1925, then senator; Erich Vagts 1928–1933, parliamentary group leader from 1931, only senator in 1933, governing mayor only in 1945
• NSDAP : Emanuel Backhaus 1930–1932, 1931/32, President of the Citizenship; Otto Bernhard 1930–1933, 1931 president of the citizenship, 1932/33 parliamentary group chairman; Georg Block (Bh) 1930–1933; Christian Brandau (Bh) 1933; Hans Haltermann 1930–1933, then senator; Julius Lorenzen (Bh) 1933, Lord Mayor of Bremerhaven from 1933; Gustav Retzlaff (Bh) 1930–1933; Walter Vaupel (Bh) 1933.

Party affiliation still unknown: Christian Albers 1919–1923, Otto Hillebrecht 1922–1932, Hermann Lange 1928–1930, Johannes Rösing , Kurt Schönfeld (1920–1922 (businessman); probably via the DHV = German sales assistant association)

Parties

• DDP = German Democratic Party , from 1930 German State Party
• DNVP = German National People's Party
• DVP = German People's Party
• KPD = Communist Party of Germany
• KVP = Conservative People's Party , split off from DNVP
• NSDAP = National Socialist German Workers' Party
• SAP = Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (1875) 1875 to 1890
• SPD = Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1890
  • MSPD = Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany , the SPD was also called that from 1917 to 1922
• USPD = Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1916 to 1922

See also

• Bremen citizenship
• List of parliamentary group chairmen of the Bremen citizenship
• List of Bremen Senators
• List of Bremen mayors
• Bremen Citizens' Convention
• For election results and members from 1945 see under Bremische Bürgerschaft # Election results from 1946 and in the individual lists of the category: List (members of the Bremen citizenship) .

swell

• Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
• Norbert Korfmacher: Directory of members of the Bremen citizenship 1946 to 1996 (= local politics. Volume 1). LIT, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-8258-3212-0
• Social democratic parliamentarians in the German Reich and Landtag 1876-1933 (BIOSOP)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Erika Thies: The history of citizenship. In: Weser-Kurier of April 30, 2011, p. 11.
2. ↑ Peter Kuckuk : No red star over Bremen: causes, development and consequences of a revolution. In: Karin Kuckuk: In the shadow of the revolution. Lotte Kornfeld - biography of a forgotten woman (1896-1974). With a foreword by Hermann Weber, a contribution by Peter Kuckuk and a letter from Lotte Kornfelds, Donat, Bremen 2009, ISBN 978-3-938275-48-1 , p. 110.
3. ^ Herbert Black Forest: The Great Bremen Lexicon . Volume 1: A-K . 2nd updated, revised and expanded edition, Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X , p. 156.
4. ↑ Seestadt Bremerhaven: Bremerhaven deputies in the Bremen citizenship 1919-1933 . Website: Bremerhaven.de.